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Answer: (B) Lack of courage to use the understanding without being directed by others
Explanation
According to Immanuel Kant in the passage, tutelage is considered self-incurred when its cause does not lie in a lack of reason, but rather in a lack of courage to use one's own understanding without direction or guidance from another person. This highlights that individuals possess the intellectual capacity to think independently but remain in tutelage due to a lack of resolve or bravery to exercise it on their own.