SSC CGL Tier 1 2019 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where the difference between consecutive terms increases by a constant value of 8. By calculating the differences between the given numbers:

110 - 102 = 8 126 - 110 = 16 150 - 126 = 24 182 - 150 = 32

The differences are 8, 16, 24, and 32, which are consecutive multiples of 8. The next multiple of 8 in this sequence is 8 × 5 = 40. To find the next number in the series, add this difference to the last term: 182 + 40 = 222.

Explanation

The letter clusters are determined by a pattern of decreasing differences between the numerical positions of the letters. In the standard pattern, the second letter is 2 positions behind the first, and the third letter is 3 positions behind the second (Letter₁ - 2 = Letter₂ and Letter₂ - 3 = Letter₃).

In NLHDC, the alphabetical positions are N(14), L(12), H(8), D(4), and C(3). While the difference between the first two letters is 2 (14 - 12 = 2), the difference between the second and third letters (L and H) is 4 (12 - 8 = 4). Because this cluster uses a difference of 4 instead of 3 at the second transition, it deviates from the logic shared by the other clusters.

Explanation

The expression T + Q × P - U ÷ R ÷ S + V establishes the family relationships through a step-by-step breakdown. From Q × P, we find that Q is the son of P. The segment P - U indicates that P is the husband of U, which makes U the mother of Q. Following this, U ÷ R states that U is the mother of R. Since Q and R share the same mother (U) and father (P), they are siblings. The relationship R ÷ S further clarifies that R is the mother of S, identifying R as female. Therefore, as R is the female sibling of Q, R is the sister of Q.

Explanation

The number-pair 3:27 follows the mathematical relationship n : n³, where the second number is the perfect cube of the first (3³ = 27). The other pairs in the set follow the pattern n : n³ + 1, where the second number is the cube of the first plus one. Since 3:27 lacks this addition of 1 to the cube of the first number, it is the odd one out.

Explanation

The numbers in each column follow a pattern where the value in the third row is obtained by adding the cube of the first row value to the square of the second row value. The mathematical relation for each column is (Row 1)³ + (Row 2)² = Row 3.

In the first column, 4³ + 5² = 64 + 25 = 89. In the second column, 3³ + 4² = 27 + 16 = 43. Applying the same logic to the third column, the missing number is calculated as 1³ + 2² = 1 + 4 = 5.

Explanation

The word DISTRIBUTION is coded by dividing the twelve letters into four groups of three letters each: (DIS), (TRI), (BUT), and (ION). Each group is then individually reversed to form (SID), (IRT), (TUB), and (NOI), which when combined yields SIDIRTTUBNOI. Following this logic, the word ABBREVIATING is divided into four groups of three letters: (ABB), (REV), (IAT), and (ING). Reversing each group individually results in (BBA), (VER), (TAI), and (GNI). Concatenating these reversed segments produces the code BBAVERTAIGNI.

Explanation

Let V represent Vinayak's current age and F represent his father's current age. Based on the problem, we can establish two equations. The sum of their current ages is 50, expressed as V + F = 50. Five years from now, Vinayak's age will be V + 5 and his father's age will be F + 5. The condition states that V + 5 = ⅕(F + 5).

To solve these equations, multiply the second equation by 5 to get 5V + 25 = F + 5, which simplifies to F = 5V + 20. Substituting this expression for F into the first equation yields V + (5V + 20) = 50. Combining the terms gives 6V + 20 = 50, which further simplifies to 6V = 30. Dividing both sides by 6 results in V = 5.

Explanation

The relationship between the words in the given pair is that of Cause and Effect. An accident is an event that results in an injury. Similarly, an infection is a biological cause that results in a disease. In both instances, the first word represents the triggering factor or cause, while the second word represents the direct consequence or physiological outcome.

Explanation

The coding logic is based on the numerical positional values of each letter in the standard English alphabetical order, where A=1, B=2, C=3, and so on until Z=26. In the given word CLIMAX, the individual letter positions are C=3, L=12, I=9, M=13, A=1, and X=24. When these numbers are written sequentially, they form the code 312913124. Applying this same logic to the word RESIGN, we determine the positional values for each letter: R=18, E=5, S=19, I=9, G=7, and N=14. Placing these values together in order yields the code 185199714.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers follows the logic x : x³ + 1. In the first pair, the second number is derived from the first number by cubing it and adding 1, such that 1³ + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2. Following the same mathematical pattern for the second pair, the third number 5 is cubed and increased by 1, resulting in 5³ + 1 = 125 + 1 = 126.

Explanation

The coding pattern involves replacing each letter of the word with its corresponding numerical position in the English alphabet, where A=1, B=2, C=3, …, Z=26. In the example ROUTINE, the positions are R=18, O=15, U=21, T=20, I=9, N=14, and E=5, which results in the string 181521209145. Following this logic for the word VEHICLE, the positions are V=22, E=5, H=8, I=9, C=3, L=12, and E=5. Concatenating these numbers in order gives the code 225893125.

Explanation

The cluster PRIWY is the odd one out because it does not follow the uniform +2 alphabetical progression used in the other groups. In a consistent cluster, each subsequent letter is exactly 2 positions ahead of the previous one in the alphabet, following the pattern n → n+2 → n+4 → n+6 → n+8. For PRIWY, the positional values are P(16), R(18), I(9), W(23), and Y(25). While the shifts from P to R and from W to Y involve adding 2, the transitions from R to I and from I to W break this constant increment. Additionally, PRIWY contains even-positioned letters (16 and 18), whereas the letters in the other clusters all occupy odd positions in the alphabetical series.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where the difference between consecutive terms increases by a constant value. Calculating the differences between the given terms yields: 128 - 116 = 12 146 - 128 = 18 170 - 146 = 24 200 - 170 = 30 The sequence of differences is 12, 18, 24, 30, …, which is an arithmetic progression where each term increases by 6. Following this logic, the next difference in the sequence is 30 + 6 = 36. To find the missing number, this difference is added to the last term: 200 + 36 = 236.

Explanation

Let the current age of Akshan be x years. Since Savan's current age is four times that of Akshan, Savan's current age is 4x years. After 10 years, Akshan's age will be x + 10 years and Savan's age will be 4x + 10 years. Based on the condition that Savan will then be twice as old as Akshan:

4x + 10 = 2(x + 10) 4x + 10 = 2x + 20 2x = 10 x = 5

The current age of Akshan is 5 years. Therefore, Savan's current age is 4 × 5 = 20 years.

Explanation

The word Gagster is a noun used to refer to a person who tells jokes or performs gags, particularly a professional comedian. The other three words, Humorous, Comical, and Hilarious, are all adjectives used to describe the quality of something that causes amusement or laughter. Gagster is the odd one out because it represents a grammatical category of a person or agent, whereas the others represent descriptive attributes.

Explanation

The relationship is based on classification where the first word is a specific member of the category defined by the second word. A pencil is a specific tool used for writing or drawing that belongs to the broader class of stationery items. Similarly, Pilates is a physical fitness system developed by Joseph Pilates that focuses on core strength, posture, and flexibility, which is classified as a specific type of exercise.

Explanation

Conclusion I follows from the first statement because the universal affirmative proposition All fields are farm-houses logically implies the particular affirmative converse Some farm-houses are fields. Conclusion II follows directly from the second statement through simple conversion, as the statement Some fields are gardens necessitates that Some gardens are fields. Conclusion III is valid through the syllogism formed by combining both statements; since every field is a farm-house and there exists an intersection between fields and gardens, those specific fields that are gardens are also farm-houses, confirming that some farm-houses are gardens. Consequently, all three conclusions are logically sound.

Explanation

The logical sequence follows the chronological progression of a road mishap and the subsequent medical response. The chain of events begins with Rash Driving (3), which serves as the inciting action or cause. This reckless behavior leads to an Accident (1). The immediate physical consequence of the accident is an Injury (4) sustained by the individual. Following the injury, an Ambulance (2) is summoned to provide emergency transport. The ambulance carries the injured person to a Hospital (5), where the final stage of the process, medical Treatment (6), is administered by professionals.

Explanation

In the given pair, Resistance is a physical quantity and Ohm is the standard SI unit used to measure it. Similarly, in the pair Length : Metre, Length is the physical quantity and Metre is its standard SI unit. This establishes a consistent relationship of Quantity : Unit between the two words in both pairs.

Explanation

The coding logic follows a systematic pattern of positional swapping and alphabetical increment. The nine-letter word is divided into two segments of four letters each, separated by a single central letter at the fifth position. Within the first four letters, the first and second letters are interchanged, and the third and fourth letters are interchanged. The central fifth letter is moved forward by one step in the alphabet (+1 operation). Similarly, for the last four letters, the sixth and seventh letters are interchanged, and the eighth and ninth letters are interchanged.

In the case of ASTRONOMY, the pairs (A, S) and (T, R) become SA and RT. The 5th letter O becomes P. The pairs (N, O) and (M, Y) become ON and YM, resulting in SARTPONYM.

Applying this logic to the word FENUGREEK, the first pair (F, E) becomes EF and the second pair (N, U) becomes UN. The central letter G is incremented by one to become H. The next pair (R, E) is swapped to ER and the final pair (E, K) is swapped to KE. Concatenating these segments in order yields the coded word EFUNHERKE.

Explanation

The relationship in the expression U + C × Q - P ÷ R ÷ S - T is determined by decoding the symbols step by step. U + C indicates that U is the daughter of C. C × Q indicates that C is the mother of Q, and Q - P means Q is the brother of P. This implies C is the mother of U, Q, and P. P ÷ R states that P is the son of R, which confirms that R is the father of P, Q, and U, and the husband of C. R ÷ S means R is the son of S. Finally, S - T means S is the brother of T, establishing that S is male. Because R is the father of U and S is the father of R, S is the paternal grandfather of U.

Explanation

Interchanging the + and - signs transforms the given equation into 40 - 10 ÷ 2 × 8 + 17 = 17. Applying the BODMAS rule, division is performed first: 10 ÷ 2 = 5. This yields the expression 40 - 5 × 8 + 17 = 17. Multiplication is carried out next: 5 × 8 = 40. Substituting this value results in 40 - 40 + 17 = 17. Finally, solving the subtraction and addition gives 0 + 17 = 17, which simplifies to 17 = 17. Since the left-hand side equals the right-hand side, the interchange of + and - results in a mathematically correct equation.

Explanation

The pattern followed by the numbers in the group is x : (x² - 1), meaning the second number is one less than the square of the first number. Applying this formula to the first number 7, we calculate 7² - 1 = 49 - 1 = 48. Since the second number in this pair is 46, it does not satisfy the rule.

Explanation

The given sequence is an alternating series consisting of two separate patterns. The first pattern involves the letters at odd positions: R, T, V, and X. In this pattern, each letter moves forward by two places in the alphabetical order: R + 2 = T, T + 2 = V, and V + 2 = X.

The second pattern involves the letters at even positions: C, E, ?, and I. Following the same logic of moving forward by two places, the sequence progresses as follows: C (3rd letter) + 2 = E (5th letter), E (5th letter) + 2 = G (7th letter), and G (7th letter) + 2 = I (9th letter). Since the question mark occupies the sixth position in the original series, it belongs to the second pattern and corresponds to the letter G.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where each letter in a cluster is incremented by 5 to obtain the corresponding letter in the next cluster.

By assigning numerical values to the letters (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26), the pattern for the first letters is P(16) + 5 = U(21), U(21) + 5 = Z(26), Z(26) + 5 = E(5), and E(5) + 5 = J(10).

The pattern for the second letters is S(19) + 5 = X(24), X(24) + 5 = C(3), C(3) + 5 = H(8), and H(8) + 5 = M(13).

The pattern for the third letters is V(22) + 5 = A(1), A(1) + 5 = F(6), F(6) + 5 = K(11), and K(11) + 5 = P(16).

Combining these results, the next cluster in the series is JMP.

Explanation

The expression V + U × Q - T ÷ R + P × S establishes the following relationships between the individuals: V is the sister of U, and U is the brother of Q, which means V, U, and Q are siblings. Since Q is the daughter of T, it follows that T is the father of V, U, and Q. The relation T ÷ R indicates T is the husband of R, identifying R as the mother of the siblings V, U, and Q. Furthermore, R + P means R is the sister of P, and P × S means P is the brother of S. Therefore, P is the brother of V mother R. In family relationships, a mother's brother is defined as a maternal uncle. Thus, P is the maternal uncle of V.

Explanation

The given statements define the relationships between three sets: utensils (U), bowls (B), and spoons (S). From the statements, we know that U ⊆ S and B ⊆ S. Both utensils and bowls are entirely contained within the category of spoons. However, the statements provide no information regarding the specific relationship between utensils and bowls.

In syllogism, when the relationship between two terms (utensils and bowls) is not established by the premises, any definite conclusion between them is uncertain. Conclusions I and II form a complementary pair because they cover all logical possibilities for the intersection of set U and set B. Conclusion I states that the sets are disjoint (U ∩ B = ∅), while Conclusion II states that there is an overlap (U ∩ B ≠ ∅). Since these two conditions are mutually exclusive and exhaustive regarding the relationship between utensils and bowls, one of them must necessarily be true. Therefore, either conclusion I or II follows. Conclusion III is logically impossible because if all utensils are spoons, then at least some spoons must be utensils.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers follows a constant multiplier pattern. In the first pair, the second number is obtained by multiplying the first number by 16:

12 × 16 = 192

Applying the same logic to the third number:

15 × 16 = 240

Explanation

Let S represent Shipra's current age and M represent Malini's current age. The problem provides the sum of their current ages as S + M = 65. The age difference between two individuals remains constant over time. Since Shipra's age will be 15 years more than Malini's age after 5 years, she must also be 15 years older than Malini today, which gives the equation S - M = 15. To calculate Malini's age, subtract the age difference equation from the sum equation: (S + M) - (S - M) = 65 - 15 2M = 50 M = 25

Explanation

The logic of the series involves adding increasing multiples of 13 to each successive term. By calculating the differences between the consecutive numbers provided in the series, we find: 127 - 114 = 13 153 - 127 = 26 192 - 153 = 39 244 - 192 = 52

These differences correspond to 13 × 1, 13 × 2, 13 × 3, and 13 × 4 respectively. Following this mathematical pattern, the next difference to be added to the series must be the fifth multiple of 13, which is 13 × 5 = 65. To find the missing term, we add this value to the last term of the series: 244 + 65 = 309.

Explanation

The words are arranged in a logical anatomical sequence starting from the top of the arm and moving downwards toward the fingertips. The sequence begins at the Shoulder (3), followed by the Elbow (4), then the Wrist (1). From the wrist, it moves to the Palm (5), then to the Fingers (6), and finally concludes at the Nails (2) located at the very tip of the hand.

Explanation

The given word-pair, Dirty and Filthy, consists of synonyms where the second word represents a similar meaning or a higher intensity of the first. Similarly, the words Shy and Timid are synonymous, as both describe a person who lacks confidence or is easily frightened in the presence of others. This relationship of synonymy matches the pattern established in the original pair.

Explanation

The coding logic involves dividing the eight-letter word into two equal halves of four letters each and reversing the sequence of characters within each half independently. In the word TROPICAL, the first half TROP is reversed to become PORT, and the second half ICAL is reversed to become LACI, resulting in the code PORTLACI. Applying this same pattern to the word DISTANCE, the first four letters DIST are reversed to become TSID, and the final four letters ANCE are reversed to become ECNA. Combining these two segments results in the string TSIDECNA.

Explanation

The series follows a distinct mathematical pattern for each letter position within the triads based on their numerical positions in the English alphabet.

For the first letter of each triad, the sequence is D (4), B (2), Z (26), and X (24). This follows a constant subtraction of 2 (n - 2). Subtracting 2 from X (24) results in 22, which is the letter V.

For the second letter of each triad, the sequence is G (7), D (4), A (1), and X (24). This follows a constant subtraction of 3 (n - 3). Moving backward by 3 from X (24) results in 21, which is the letter U.

For the third letter of each triad, the sequence is J (10), N (14), R (18), and V (22). This follows a constant addition of 4 (n + 4). Adding 4 to V (22) results in 26, which is the letter Z.

By combining the identified letters V, U, and Z, the next term in the series is VUZ.

Explanation

The numerical relationship followed by the other pairs is n² : (n+1)³, where the first number is the square of a natural number n and the second number is the cube of the next consecutive natural number n+1. For instance, 4 : 27 is 2² : 3³, 16 : 125 is 4² : 5³, and 9 : 64 is 3² : 4³. In the case of option b, the first number is 49, which is 7². According to the established pattern, the second number should be (7+1)³ = 8³ = 512. The provided value of 218 does not conform to this mathematical rule, making it the odd pair out.

Explanation

The relationship established in the analogy is between a vital organ and its primary physiological function. The heart is the central organ of the circulatory system, responsible for the circulation of blood to provide oxygen and nutrients to tissues. In the same manner, the kidney is the primary organ of the excretory system. Its fundamental role is excretion, which involves filtering nitrogenous waste products, toxins, and excess substances from the bloodstream to produce urine, thereby maintaining homeostatic balance within the body.

Explanation

The given sequence is an alternating series formed by two separate sub-series. The first sub-series occupies the odd positions: M, P, S, V. In the English alphabet, these correspond to the positions 13, 16, 19, and 22, representing a constant increment of +3 between successive terms.

The second sub-series occupies the even positions: E, H, ?, N. Converting these to their alphabetical ranks gives 5, 8, ?, 14. Applying the same common difference of +3 observed in the first sub-series, the missing value is calculated as 8 + 3 = 11. The 11th letter in the alphabet is K. This pattern is confirmed by the final term of the sub-series, as 11 + 3 = 14, which corresponds to the letter N.

Explanation

The coding pattern is based on the numerical position of each letter in the English alphabet, where each letter is represented by its rank from A=1 to Z=26. In the given word LAMINATE, the letters correspond to L (12), A (1), M (13), I (9), N (14), A (1), T (20), and E (5). When these values are placed consecutively, they form the code 121139141205.

Following this logic for the word SYSTEMIC, we determine the alphabetical positions for each letter: S is the 19th letter, Y is the 25th letter, S is the 19th letter, T is the 20th letter, E is the 5th letter, M is the 13th letter, I is the 9th letter, and C is the 3rd letter. Concatenating these numerical values in order results in the sequence 1925192051393.

Explanation

The letter-cluster RVZDG corresponds to the alphabetical positions 18, 22, 26, 4, and 7. The common pattern in this classification task is an increment of 4 between consecutive letters. For RVZDG, the first three increments follow this rule: 18 + 4 = 22 (V), 22 + 4 = 26 (Z), and 26 + 4 = 30, which cycles to the 4th position (D). However, the final letter G is the 7th letter of the alphabet, meaning the increment from D is only 3 (4 + 3 = 7). This failure to maintain the constant increment of 4 throughout the entire cluster makes it the odd one out.

Explanation

Silver is the odd word out because it is not a color of the visible spectrum found in a rainbow. The sequence of colors in a rainbow is traditionally represented by the mnemonic VIBGYOR, which stands for Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, and Red. While the other three options are fundamental components of this spectral sequence, silver is a metallic color that does not appear in the natural dispersion of sunlight through water droplets.

Explanation

The relationship between the words is based on a simple reversal of the letter sequence. In the first pair, the word ACCIDENT is written in backward order to produce TNEDICCA. By applying the same logic to the word PASSENGER, we reverse the sequence of its nine letters. Starting from the last letter and moving to the first, the sequence becomes R-E-G-N-E-S-S-A-P, which forms the word REGNESSAP.

Explanation

The relationship governing the number-pairs in this set follows the pattern x² : x, where the first number is the square of the second number. In the pair 123:11, the square of 11 is 11² = 121, which does not equal the provided value of 123. This deviation from the perfect square logic identifies it as the odd pair.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where each term is increased by consecutive even numbers. The differences between consecutive terms are as follows:

13 - 11 = 2 17 - 13 = 4 23 - 17 = 6 31 - 23 = 8 41 - 31 = 10 53 - 41 = 12 67 - 53 = 14 83 - 67 = 16

The differences themselves form an arithmetic progression: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16. To find the next term in the series, the next even number, which is 18, must be added to the last given term:

83 + 18 = 101

Explanation

The relationship between School and Student is that of an institution and its primary beneficiary. A student is the person who attends a school to receive the core service provided by that institution, which is education. Similarly, a patient is the person who goes to a hospital to receive its core service, which is medical treatment. In both pairs, the second word represents the individual for whom the institution is specifically designed to serve.

Explanation

The coding logic follows an alternating pattern of adding one and subtracting one to the numerical position of each letter in the alphabet. For the word FRIEND, the transformation is: F + 1 = G R - 1 = Q I + 1 = J E - 1 = D N + 1 = O D - 1 = C

Applying this same sequence of operations (+1, -1, +1, -1, +1) to the word PEACE: P + 1 = Q E - 1 = D A + 1 = B C - 1 = B E + 1 = F

By combining these results, the code for PEACE is determined to be QDBBF.

Explanation

The coding logic follows the rule where the numerical position of each letter in the English alphabet is summed and then multiplied by 2. For the letter J, which is the 10th letter, the calculation is 10 × 2 = 20. For the word BAT, the positions are B = 2, A = 1, and T = 20. The sum of these positions is 2 + 1 + 20 = 23, and the code is 23 × 2 = 46.

To find the code for CRICKET, the positions of its constituent letters are C = 3, R = 18, I = 9, C = 3, K = 11, E = 5, and T = 20. Sum = 3 + 18 + 9 + 3 + 11 + 5 + 20 = 69 Code = 69 × 2 = 138

Explanation

Interchanging the ÷ and × signs in the given equation 20 ÷ 20 + 20 - 25 × 25 = 419 results in the following expression:

20 × 20 + 20 - 25 ÷ 25

Following the BODMAS rule (Brackets, Orders, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction), we first perform the division operation:

25 ÷ 25 = 1

The equation then becomes:

20 × 20 + 20 - 1

Next, we perform the multiplication:

20 × 20 = 400

Now, substituting this back into the equation:

400 + 20 - 1

Finally, performing the addition and subtraction:

420 - 1 = 419

Since 419 = 419, the interchange of division and multiplication signs correctly balances the equation.

Explanation

The coding logic is based on the total number of letters present in each word. The formula used to determine the code is Code = (n × 2) + 2, where n is the number of letters in the word. For the word FLOWER, which has 6 letters, the calculation is (6 × 2) + 2 = 14. For the word DISTASTE, which consists of 8 letters, the calculation is (8 × 2) + 2 = 18. The word BUREAUCRAT contains 10 letters. Applying the same mathematical pattern, the code for BUREAUCRAT is (10 × 2) + 2 = 22.

Explanation

The given series follows the mathematical pattern Tₙ = n³ - 1, where n represents the position of the term in the sequence starting from n = 1. Each term is obtained by subtracting 1 from the cube of its position number.

The calculations for the terms are as follows: For n = 1: 1³ - 1 = 1 - 1 = 0 For n = 2: 2³ - 1 = 8 - 1 = 7 For n = 3: 3³ - 1 = 27 - 1 = 26 For n = 4: 4³ - 1 = 64 - 1 = 63 For n = 5: 5³ - 1 = 125 - 1 = 124 For n = 6: 6³ - 1 = 216 - 1 = 215 For n = 7: 7³ - 1 = 343 - 1 = 342 For n = 8: 8³ - 1 = 512 - 1 = 511 For n = 9: 9³ - 1 = 729 - 1 = 728

To find the next term in the series (n = 10), we apply the same formula: 10³ - 1 = 1000 - 1 = 999

Explanation

The given sequence follows the mathematical pattern of n² + 1, where n represents the position of the term starting from 1. Calculating the values for each position, we have:

1² + 1 = 2 2² + 1 = 5 3² + 1 = 10 4² + 1 = 17 5² + 1 = 26 6² + 1 = 37

For the missing seventh term in the series, the calculation is 7² + 1 = 49 + 1 = 50.

The pattern continues correctly for the remaining terms in the sequence: 8² + 1 = 65 9² + 1 = 82 10² + 1 = 101

Alternatively, the series can be determined by observing the difference between consecutive terms, which increases by consecutive odd numbers: 5 - 2 = 3, 10 - 5 = 5, 17 - 10 = 7, 26 - 17 = 9, and 37 - 26 = 11. Adding the next odd number, 13, to the last known term gives 37 + 13 = 50.