SSC CGL Tier 1 2016 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The seating arrangement is determined by combining the relative positions of the five individuals. Based on the instructions, B is to the left of D, D is to the left of C, and A is to the right of C, which establishes the partial sequence B-D-C-A. Given that B is to the right of E and E occupies a corner position, E must be at the far end, preceding B. This results in the complete linear order of E, B, D, C, and A. In a group of five people, the center position is held by the third person in the sequence. By following the derived order, D occupies the third position and is therefore sitting in the centre.

Explanation

The word ROUTE cannot be formed because it contains the letter U, which is not present in the given word INTROSPECTION. While the letters R, O, T, and E are all found within INTROSPECTION, the letter U is entirely missing from the source string, making it impossible to construct the word ROUTE using the available letters.

Explanation

The numerical value of each word is determined by the sum of the positions of its constituent letters in the English alphabet, where A=1, B=2, C=3, …, Z=26. For the given word SLIP, the sum is calculated as S(19) + L(12) + I(9) + P(16) = 56. Applying the same logic to the word FALL, the sum of the positional values is F(6) + A(1) + L(12) + L(12) = 31.

Explanation

Based on the logic of the problem, the mathematical operators in the expression are substituted as follows: × means +, + means ÷, ÷ means ×, and - remains -.

Applying these substitutions to the given expression 36 × 12 + 4 ÷ 6 + 2 - 3, we get: 36 + 12 ÷ 4 × 6 ÷ 2 - 3

Following the BODMAS rule, we perform division and multiplication from left to right. First, 12 ÷ 4 = 3. Next, 3 × 6 = 18. Then, 18 ÷ 2 = 9. Substituting these values back into the expression, we have: 36 + 9 - 3

Finally, performing the addition and subtraction: 45 - 3 = 42

Explanation

The logic followed in the given equations is that each digit of the resulting number is obtained by subtracting 1 from the corresponding number in the expression.

In the first equation: 8 - 1 = 7 7 - 1 = 6 6 - 1 = 5 Combining these digits gives 765.

In the second equation: 5 - 1 = 4 3 - 1 = 2 2 - 1 = 1 Combining these digits gives 421.

Applying the same pattern to the unsolved equation: 9 - 1 = 8 6 - 1 = 5 4 - 1 = 3 Combining these digits results in 853.

Explanation

The pattern in the grid follows a specific arithmetic operation applied to each column where the value in the fourth row is the result of the values in the first three rows. Specifically, the number in the first row is multiplied by the number in the second row, and the number in the third row is then added to that product.

In the first column, the calculation is (6 × 8) + 3 = 48 + 3 = 51. In the second column, the calculation is (15 × 4) + 5 = 60 + 5 = 65. Applying the same logic to the third column to find the missing term, the calculation is (20 × 5) + 20 = 100 + 20 = 120.

Explanation

Let the starting point be at coordinates (0, 0). Ajit moves 10 m North to reach the point (0, 10). He then turns right, which directs him East, and travels 10 m to reach (10, 10). From this position, he performs three consecutive left turns.

His first left turn takes him 5 m North, arriving at (10, 15). His second left turn takes him 10 m West, arriving at (0, 15). His third left turn takes him 10 m South, arriving at (0, 5). The final position is (0, 5). The distance from the starting point (0, 0) to the final position (0, 5) is calculated as the difference in the y-coordinates, which is 5 - 0 = 5 m.

Explanation

The statement Honesty is the best policy serves as a general moral principle and a recommendation for ideal conduct. When a particular behavior is described as the best policy, it implies that this approach is the most beneficial and effective course of action for anyone to follow. In the context of logical reasoning, universal proverbs or ethical maxims are treated as standards intended for general application. Therefore, if honesty is established as the superior method of interaction, it logically follows that everyone should adopt this behavior to achieve the best results. Conclusion I is a direct extension of the statement's normative claim, as the term best suggests an optimal standard that should be followed by all to ensure the most favorable outcome.

Explanation

The analogy follows the relationship between a medium and the organism that naturally moves or dwells within it. Air is the primary environment used by birds for flight and navigation. Similarly, water is the primary environment used by fish for movement and existence. Therefore, just as a bird is associated with air, a fish is associated with water.

Explanation

The relationship between the first two terms is based on a constant shift of +1 for each letter in the sequence. By analyzing ACEG and BDFH, we see that A becomes B, C becomes D, E becomes F, and G becomes H.

Applying this same logic to the term IKMO, we increment each letter by one position in the English alphabet: I + 1 = J K + 1 = L M + 1 = N O + 1 = P

Following this pattern, the resulting sequence is JLNP.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers is based on the product of two consecutive integers, which follows the pattern n(n + 1). In the first part of the analogy, the number 12 is expressed as 3 × 4 and the number 20 is expressed as 4 × 5. Moving to the second part of the analogy, the number 30 is expressed as 5 × 6. To maintain the established sequence of consecutive integers, the missing value is calculated as 6 × 7 = 42. This pattern can also be viewed as n² + n, where 3² + 3 = 12, 4² + 4 = 20, 5² + 5 = 30, and 6² + 6 = 42.

Explanation

Neurologist, Dentist, and Paediatrician are all categories of medical professionals who specialize in different branches of healthcare and the treatment of the human body. In contrast, an Architect is a professional trained in the planning, design, and oversight of the construction of buildings and other physical structures, which belongs to the field of engineering and construction rather than medicine.

Explanation

The pair HR is the odd one out because the sum of the numerical positions of its letters in the English alphabet is not equal to 27. In the alphabet, H is the 8th letter and R is the 18th letter. Their sum is 8 + 18 = 26. For a pair to consist of opposite letters (letters equidistant from the beginning and the end of the alphabet), the sum of their positions must be 27. The correct opposite letter for H is S, which is the 19th letter, as 8 + 19 = 27. Therefore, HR does not follow the established pattern of opposite-letter pairs.

Explanation

The numerical difference between the two numbers in the pairs 20-30, 30-40, and 40-50 is exactly 10. Specifically, 30 - 20 = 10, 40 - 30 = 10, and 50 - 40 = 10. In contrast, the difference between the numbers in the pair 16-28 is 28 - 16 = 12. Because this pair does not follow the common pattern of a 10-unit interval established by the other alternatives, it is the odd one out.

Explanation

To arrange the words in dictionary order, we compare the letters of each word from left to right. All words begin with the letter S. Comparing the second letters, Submerge (5) has u, while the others have y. Since u appears before y in the alphabet, Submerge (5) is the first word in the sequence. Next, we compare the third letters of the remaining words: Synarchy (4) and Syncretism (3) have n, Syphilis (2) has p, and Syringe (1) has r. In alphabetical order, n comes before p, and p comes before r. To determine the order between Synarchy (4) and Syncretism (3), we look at their fourth letters, which are a and c respectively. Since a comes before c, Synarchy (4) precedes Syncretism (3). Finally, comparing Syphilis (2) and Syringe (1) based on their third letters p and r, Syphilis (2) comes first because p precedes r. This results in the final dictionary order of 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.

Explanation

The series progresses by subtracting 7 from the alphabetical position of each letter in a term to find the corresponding letter in the next term. Starting with the first term WYV, where W is 23, Y is 25, and V is 22, the calculation for the missing term is 23 - 7 = 16 (P), 25 - 7 = 18 (R), and 22 - 7 = 15 (O). This results in the term PRO. The pattern remains consistent for the rest of the series, as 16 - 7 = 9 (I), 18 - 7 = 11 (K), and 15 - 7 = 8 (H) yield IKH, while 9 - 7 = 2 (B), 11 - 7 = 4 (D), and 8 - 7 = 1 (A) yield the final term BDA.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern of alternating addition between consecutive terms. By calculating the difference between successive numbers, we observe:

8 - 6 = 2 17 - 8 = 9 19 - 17 = 2 28 - 19 = 9 30 - 28 = 2

The sequence of operations is +2, +9, +2, +9, +2. To find the next number in the series, we must follow the established pattern and add 9 to the last given term:

30 + 9 = 39

Explanation

The relationship in the given analogy is that of a whole to its basic constituent unit. A book is a complete structure made up of many individual pages bound together. Similarly, a wall is a structure built by assembling individual bricks as its primary building blocks. While other materials are used in construction, bricks serve as the fundamental discrete components of a wall in the same way that pages are the fundamental components of a book.

Explanation

Based on the given information, A is the father of F. F's child is the offspring of A's son. In a family hierarchy, the father of a person's father is their grandfather. Since A is the direct male ancestor two generations above F's child, A is the grandfather of that child.

Explanation

To find the correct order, we integrate the given conditions into a single linear sequence. Starting with conditions (i) and (iii), if we place G between A and E in the order E-G-A, then to satisfy condition (iii) where E and C have two boys between them, C must be placed such that the sequence is E-G-A-C.

Next, condition (ii) states that F and A have one boy between them. Since C is already positioned next to A, placing F after C satisfies this (A-C-F). Condition (iv) places D immediately to the right of F, extending the sequence to E-G-A-C-F-D. Finally, condition (v) requires three boys between C and B. Counting three positions to the left of C (A, G, and E), B must be placed at the far left. This results in the final arrangement from left to right: B, E, G, A, C, F, D. Checking the positions, B is first and E is second from the left.

Explanation

The word SUMMIT cannot be formed because it contains the letter I, which is not present in the base word MEASUREMENT. While MEASUREMENT provides the necessary letters S, U, M, and T, the absence of the letter I makes the formation of SUMMIT impossible.

Explanation

The word EXAMPLES consists of 8 letters, while its code EMASXEL consists of 7 letters. This indicates that the coding process involves removing one letter from the original word and rearranging the remaining 7 letters.

Applying this observation to the word BUOYANCY, which also contains 8 letters, the resulting code must similarly contain 7 letters. Evaluating the given options:

a) BYANCYOU: 8 letters b) CUOYYBAN: 8 letters c) CUOYOBAN: 8 letters d) CYOYBAN: 7 letters

Since only option d) follows the required length reduction from 8 letters to 7 letters, it is the correct answer. In this specific case, the code for BUOYANCY is formed by removing the second letter (U) and rearranging the remaining letters (C-Y-O-Y-B-A-N), mirroring the letter-reduction pattern seen in the example.

Explanation

Substitute the given symbols with their respective mathematical operators: B represents division (÷), P represents multiplication (×), T represents subtraction (-), and M represents addition (+).

The expression 28B7P8T6M4 translates to: 28 ÷ 7 × 8 - 6 + 4

Applying the BODMAS rule, perform the operations in the order of Division, Multiplication, Addition, and Subtraction: First, divide 28 by 7: 4 × 8 - 6 + 4

Next, multiply 4 by 8: 32 - 6 + 4

Finally, perform the addition and subtraction: 32 - 6 + 4 = 26 + 4 = 30

Explanation

The system used to solve these equations involves a specific rearrangement of the digits provided on the left side. Given an expression in the form A × B × C, the resulting number is formed by placing the digits in the sequence B, A, C.

In the first equation, 7 × 5 × 6 = 576, the second digit (5) moves to the first position, the first digit (7) moves to the second position, and the third digit (6) remains in the third position.

In the second equation, 4 × 2 × 5 = 245, the same logic applies: the second digit (2) is placed first, the first digit (4) is placed second, and the third digit (5) remains last.

For the unsolved equation 8 × 2 × 5, applying the B, A, C rearrangement pattern results in the second digit (2) taking the first position, the first digit (8) taking the second position, and the third digit (5) staying in the third position, which yields the number 285.

Explanation

The pattern in the grid is that the number in the fourth row of each column is the product of the first three numbers in that column.

For the first column, the calculation is 3 × 2 × 6 = 36. For the second column, the calculation is 4 × 5 × 7 = 140.

Applying the same logic to the third column, let the missing term be x. 9 × 2 × x = 18 18x = 18 x = 1

Explanation

Pranav's movements can be mapped on a 2D plane starting from the origin (0, 0). His initial move of 10 km North brings him to the coordinate (0, 10). He then turns West and covers 10 km, reaching the point (-10, 10). From there, he turns South and travels 5 km, which subtracts 5 from his vertical coordinate, resulting in the position (-10, 5). Finally, he turns East and covers 10 km, adding 10 to his horizontal coordinate and arriving at the final point (0, 5). Since his final position has the same x-coordinate as his starting point but a higher y-coordinate, he is situated 5 km directly North of his starting point.

Explanation

In syllogistic reasoning, the quantifier many is treated as some. The first statement indicates that there is an intersection between the set of books and the set of rocks, meaning Books ∩ Rocks ≠ ∅. The second statement defines a subset relationship where all rocks are contained within the set of clips, or Rocks ⊆ Clips. Since there are elements that are both books and rocks, and every rock is necessarily a clip, those specific books must also be clips. This confirms that the intersection Books ∩ Clips is not empty, making conclusion I logically certain. Conclusion II contradicts the first statement, as the existence of books that are rocks implies that some rocks are books.

Explanation

The relationship between the sets of letters is determined by the internal numerical intervals between their positions in the English alphabet. In the first group, LNPQ, the letters follow a +2, +2, +1 pattern: L (12) + 2 = N (14) N (14) + 2 = P (16) P (16) + 1 = Q (17)

The second group, ACEF, adheres to the exact same interval sequence: A (1) + 2 = C (3) C (3) + 2 = E (5) E (5) + 1 = F (6)

To find the related word for the second pair, we identify the option that maintains this +2, +2, +1 structure. In the case of IKMN, the alphabetical positions are I (9), K (11), M (13), and N (14). Calculating the differences: I (9) + 2 = K (11) K (11) + 2 = M (13) M (13) + 1 = N (14)

This consistency in the internal positional pattern confirms that IKMN is the correct related term.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers follows the pattern n : n² + n. In the first pair, the number 4 relates to 20 as 4² + 4 = 16 + 4 = 20. Applying the same logic to the second pair, where the first number is 8, the calculation is 8² + 8 = 64 + 8 = 72. Alternatively, the pattern can be seen as n : n × (n + 1), which yields 4 × 5 = 20 and 8 × 9 = 72.

Explanation

A plant is the entire biological organism, whereas buds, branches, and leaves are specific individual parts or anatomical components that constitute a plant. The terms bud, branch, and leaf represent the various segments of the whole entity, making the term plant the category that encompasses all the others.

Explanation

In the given letter clusters, the standard pattern involves an increment of +1 between the first two letters and an increment of +2 between the second and third letters. This is seen in ABD where A+1=B and B+2=D, in FGI where F+1=G and G+2=I, and in LMO where L+1=M and M+2=O. In contrast, STU consists of three consecutive letters in alphabetical order, following a uniform increment of +1 throughout, as S+1=T and T+1=U, which distinguishes it from the others.

Explanation

The pair 35-51 is the odd one out because the second number is not obtained by reversing the digits of the first number. In this logical pattern, the units and tens digits of the first number are swapped to form the second number. For the number 35, the digit reversal results in 53. Since 51 is provided instead of 53, this pair fails the transposition rule.

Explanation

Dictionary order is determined by comparing the letters of each word sequentially from left to right. All four words start with the letter M. Comparing the second letters, Manifest (1) contains a, while the others contain e; since a comes before e, Manifest is the first word in the sequence. Among the remaining words Merchant (4), Meridian (3), and Meticulous (2), we look at the third letter. Merchant and Meridian both have r, while Meticulous has t. Because r precedes t in the alphabet, Meticulous is positioned after the other two. To determine the order between Merchant and Meridian, we compare their fourth letters, which are c and i respectively. Since c comes before i, Merchant precedes Meridian. Following this alphabetical logic, the correct arrangement is 1, 4, 3, 2.

Explanation

The given letter series consists of 16 characters including the gaps. Dividing the series into four equal groups of four letters each, we observe a repeating pattern of the block MNOM.

By placing the letters from option b into the gaps, the sequence becomes: MNOM | MNOM | MNOM | MNOM

The letters sequentially placed in the gaps are N, O, M, and O, which completes the periodic repetition of the four-letter unit MNOM throughout the series.

Explanation

The series follows the logic where each subsequent term is obtained by multiplying the previous term by 2 and then subtracting an incrementing integer starting from 1.

14 × 2 - 1 = 27 27 × 2 - 2 = 52 52 × 2 - 3 = 101 101 × 2 - 4 = 198

To find the missing number, we apply the next step in the sequence: 198 × 2 - 5 = 396 - 5 = 391

Explanation

The problem states that O is the husband of P, establishing that O and P are a married couple where O is the father figure and P is the mother figure of their children. Since M is explicitly described as the son of P, and P is married to O, it follows directly that M is the son of O.

Explanation

The relationship in this analogy is based on the primary individual responsible for the creative direction and final production of the work. An editor is the person who oversees the selection, revision, and overall production of a magazine. In a similar manner, a director is the individual who manages the creative aspects, guides the actors, and supervises the execution of a drama. Both roles serve as the central authority responsible for the finished version of their respective mediums.

Explanation

The relationship between the sets of letters is defined by adding 8 to the numerical position of each letter in the English alphabet. In the first part of the analogy, the transformation from ACEG to IKMO is as follows: A (1) + 8 = 9 (I) C (3) + 8 = 11 (K) E (5) + 8 = 13 (M) G (7) + 8 = 15 (O)

Applying the same +8 logic to the term QSUW: Q (17) + 8 = 25 (Y) S (19) + 8 = 27. Since the English alphabet contains 26 letters, 27 cycles back to the first letter, A (27 - 26 = 1). U (21) + 8 = 29, which cycles back to the third letter, C (29 - 26 = 3). W (23) + 8 = 31, which cycles back to the fifth letter, E (31 - 26 = 5).

The resulting sequence of letters is YACE.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in the first pair follows the mathematical pattern of multiplying the first number by 3 and then adding 3 to the result. For the first pair, the calculation is 12 × 3 + 3 = 36 + 3 = 39. Applying the same logic to the second pair, we calculate the missing number as 15 × 3 + 3 = 45 + 3 = 48.

Explanation

A battery is an electrochemical device that stores chemical energy and converts it into electrical energy to provide power. It is functionally distinct because its primary purpose is to act as an energy supply or storage unit, whereas the other items in the group are all specific tools or objects designed to produce light for illumination. This classification is based on the fundamental difference between a power source and a light-emitting source.

Explanation

The pair TQ is the odd one out because the difference between the alphabetical positions of the letters T (20) and Q (17) is 20 - 17 = 3. This deviates from the consistent pattern observed in the group, where the difference between the positions of the first and second letters in each pair is exactly 2. By calculating the numerical values of the letters, TQ is the only pair that fails to maintain this specific interval of 2.

Explanation

The numerical relationship between the two numbers in each pair is based on their absolute difference. In the first three pairs, the difference is consistently 12: |73 - 61| = 12 |57 - 69| = 12 |47 - 59| = 12 In the case of option (d), the difference between the numbers is calculated as: |42 - 29| = 13 Since the difference in this pair is 13 while the others share a common difference of 12, it does not follow the established pattern.

Explanation

To arrange the words in dictionary order, we compare the letters of each word one by one from left to right. All five words start with the letter S, so we examine the second letters: c in Scarf and Scene, h in Shell, u in Survey, and t in Stream. In alphabetical order, c comes first, followed by h, then t, and finally u. To distinguish between Scarf and Scene, we look at the third letters: a in Scarf comes before e in Scene, placing Scarf (1) first and Scene (2) second. Shell (3) follows next because its second letter h follows c. Stream (5) follows Shell as the second letter t follows h. Survey (4) is placed last because its second letter u follows t. This results in the sequential order 1, 2, 3, 5, 4.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where each term consists of three consecutive letters arranged in reverse alphabetical order. By looking at the first letter of each term, we see an arithmetic progression based on their positions in the English alphabet: D is 4 and H is 8. The difference between the first letters of consecutive terms is +4. Following this pattern, the first letter of the missing term should be 8 + 4 = 12, which corresponds to the letter L. Since each term is a sequence of three consecutive letters in reverse order, the term starting with L is LKJ (L=12, K=11, J=10). This is confirmed by the next term in the series, PON, where the first letter P (16) is 12 + 4.

Explanation

The given sequence represents the squares of consecutive natural numbers starting from 2. The pattern for the n-th term is (n+1)² for n = 1, 2, 3, .... Applying this to the sequence: 2² = 4 3² = 9 4² = 16 5² = 25 6² = 36 The next consecutive natural number after 6 is 7. Therefore, the missing term is 7² = 49.

Explanation

By representing the relative wealth of the individuals using the greater than symbol (>), we can establish a clear hierarchy based on the given statements. The first statement establishes Ramesh > Satish. The second and third statements show that Ramesh > Jaya and Jaya > Ram. The fourth statement confirms Ram > Satish. Finally, the statement that Ramesh is less rich than Navin translates to Navin > Ramesh. Combining all these relationships into a single chain, we get the sequence Navin > Ramesh > Jaya > Ram > Satish. In this ordering, Navin occupies the highest position, identifying him as the richest person in the group.

Explanation

A is the brother of D, and D is the father of B. Given that B and C are sisters, they are both the children of D. Since C is the daughter of D, and A is the brother of D, C is the niece of A.

Explanation

The seating arrangement is determined by placing the girls according to the given relative positions. From the information that P is to the left of M and to the right of O, we establish the partial sequence O - P - M. The next condition states that R is to the right of N but to the left of O, which gives us the sequence N - R - O. By merging these two sequences using O as the common link, the final order from left to right is N - R - O - P - M. In a row of five people, the middle position is the third spot, which is occupied by O.

Explanation

The word CONSULTATION consists of the letters C, O, N, S, U, L, T, A, T, I, O, and N. The word SALUTE requires the letter E to be formed. Since the letter E is not present anywhere in the word CONSULTATION, it is impossible to construct the word SALUTE using the available letters.

Explanation

The coding logic follows the sum of the numerical positions of the letters in the English alphabet, where A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, and so on until Z = 26. In the given examples, S is the 19th letter, so S = 19. For the word SUN, the sum is S(19) + U(21) + N(14) = 54. For the word CAKE, the sum is C(3) + A(1) + K(11) + E(5) = 20.

To find the value for MISTAKE, we sum the alphabet positions of each letter: M = 13 I = 9 S = 19 T = 20 A = 1 K = 11 E = 5

Sum = 13 + 9 + 19 + 20 + 1 + 11 + 5 = 78