SSC CGL Tier 1 2016 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

In this direct substitution coding scheme, each digit corresponds to a specific letter. By comparing the given pairs, we can map the digits to their respective letters. From the code 3456 = ROPE, we extract the mappings 3 = R, 4 = O, 5 = P, and 6 = E. From the code 15526 = APPLE, we confirm 1 = A, 5 = P, 2 = L, and 6 = E. To determine the word for 54613, we replace each digit with its mapped letter: the digit 5 corresponds to P, 4 corresponds to O, 6 corresponds to E, 1 corresponds to A, and 3 corresponds to R. Arranging these letters in the given order results in the word POEAR.

Explanation

Based on the operator substitution rules required to solve the expression: ÷ is replaced by + × is replaced by -

• is replaced by ÷

• is replaced by ×

Substituting these into the given expression 16 ÷ 4 × 10 - 5 + 8: 16 + 4 - 10 ÷ 5 × 8

Applying the BODMAS rule (Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction):

Division: 10 ÷ 5 = 2 The expression becomes: 16 + 4 - 2 × 8

Multiplication: 2 × 8 = 16 The expression becomes: 16 + 4 - 16

Addition and Subtraction: 20 - 16 = 4

Explanation

The system follows the formula Result = (n × (n-1) × (n-2)) + (n-4) × 10 , where n is the first number in the sequence.

For n = 5 : (5 × 4 × 3) + (5 - 4) × 10 = 60 + 10 = 70 For n = 6 : (6 × 5 × 4) + (6 - 4) × 10 = 120 + 20 = 140 For n = 7 : (7 × 6 × 5) + (7 - 4) × 10 = 210 + 30 = 240

The calculation for the unsolved equation begins by finding the product of the given integers, 7 × 6 × 5 , which equals 210. According to the established pattern, we add an incremental value that increases by 10 for each successive starting integer in the series. Since the added value was 10 for the sequence starting with 5 and 20 for the sequence starting with 6, it must be 30 for the sequence starting with 7. This yields the final result of 210 + 30 = 240 .

Explanation

Let the starting point A be the origin (0, 0) on a coordinate plane where North is the positive y-axis and East is the positive x-axis. Deepu moves 2 km South to reach (0, -2). Turning right while facing South means moving towards the West, so moving 0.5 km West brings him to (-0.5, -2). A subsequent right turn while facing West means moving North; walking 2 km North brings him to (-0.5, 0). Finally, a left turn while facing North means moving West again; walking 3 km West brings his final position to (-3.5, 0). The total vertical displacement is 2 km South - 2 km North = 0 km, and the total horizontal displacement is 0.5 km West + 3 km West = 3.5 km West. The distance from the starting point is √(3.5² + 0²) = 3.5 km.

Explanation

According to the first statement, all parrots are chicks, which means the set of parrots is a subset of the set of chicks. In formal logic, the universal affirmative proposition All A are B can be validly converted into the particular affirmative proposition Some B are A. Therefore, if every parrot is a chick, it follows by necessity that some chicks are parrots. The second statement establishes that all birds are also chicks, meaning both parrots and birds are contained within the category of chicks. However, there is no information provided to establish a definitive intersection or relationship between parrots and birds themselves. Consequently, while the relationship between chicks and parrots is certain, the relationship between birds and parrots remains undetermined.

Explanation

The relationship in this analogy is based on the condition resulting from the absence of the first term. A lack of money leads to a state of poverty. Similarly, a lack of education leads to a state of illiteracy. In both pairs, the second word represents the deficiency or negative state that arises when the first resource is unavailable.

Explanation

The relationship between the letter groups is determined by a constant shift of +5 in the positional value of each letter in the English alphabet. In the first pair, B is the 2nd letter, E is the 5th, and F is the 6th. Adding 5 to these positions gives 2 + 5 = 7 (G), 5 + 5 = 10 (J), and 6 + 5 = 11 (K), resulting in the sequence GJK. Applying the same pattern to LOP, where L is the 12th letter, O is the 15th, and P is the 16th, the calculation follows as 12 + 5 = 17 (Q), 15 + 5 = 20 (T), and 16 + 5 = 21 (U). This yields the corresponding group QTU.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in the first pair is defined by a constant ratio. Dividing the second term by the first term identifies this multiplier: 32 / 8 = 4

Applying the same constant multiplier to the second pair, where x represents the unknown first term: x × 4 = 108

Solving for x: x = ¹⁰⁸⁄₄ x = 27

Explanation

The letter group CZHK is the odd one out because it consists entirely of consonants and does not contain any vowels. In alphabetical classification problems, the presence or absence of vowels (A, E, I, O, U) is a standard criterion for identifying the odd entry. Since this is the only group among the given alternatives that lacks a vowel, it is logically distinct from the others.

Explanation

Lion, Panther, and Tiger are all members of the Felidae family and belong to the genus Panthera, which comprises the big cats. In contrast, the Wolf belongs to the Canidae family, which includes dogs, foxes, and jackals. This taxonomic classification distinguishes the wolf from the other three feline predators.

Explanation

The numerical relationship between the numbers in the pairs is defined by the formula y = x³ - 1, where the second number is one less than the cube of the first. For the pair 2, 15, substituting x = 2 into the formula results in 2³ - 1 = 7. Since the value 15 does not equal the calculated result of 7, this pair is the odd one out.

Explanation

To arrange words according to a dictionary, letters are compared from left to right at each position. All words start with Pr. Comparing the third letter, Praise (2) has a, while others have e. Since a comes before e, Praise is first. Among the remaining words starting with Pre, Preach (1) has a as the fourth letter, while Precinct (3), Precept (4), and Precede (5) have c. Since a precedes c, Preach is second. For the words starting with Prec, the fifth letter in Precept (4) and Precede (5) is e, while in Precinct (3) it is i. Since e precedes i, Precinct is positioned after the other two. Comparing Precede (5) and Precept (4), the sixth letter in Precede is d and in Precept is p. Since d precedes p, Precede comes before Precept. The resulting sequence is 2, 1, 5, 4, 3.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern based on the alphabetical positions of the letters. The first letters of the terms follow the sequence B (2), C (3), and D (4). Continuing this sequence, the first letter of the next term must be E (5).

The letters within each term, starting from the second term, follow the mathematical relationship of n, 2n, and 3n, where n is the numerical position of the first letter. For the term starting with C (3), the letters are C (3), F (3 × 2 = 6), and I (3 × 3 = 9). For the term starting with D (4), the letters are D (4), H (4 × 2 = 8), and L (4 × 3 = 12).

Applying this logic to the next term starting with E (5), the positions are calculated as n = 5, 2n = 10, and 3n = 15. The letters corresponding to these positions are E, J, and O. This completes the series with the term EJO.

Explanation

The series follows an alternating multiplication pattern where each term is multiplied by 2 and then by 4.

5 × 2 = 10 10 × 4 = 40 40 × 2 = 80 80 × 4 = 320 320 × 2 = 640 640 × 4 = 2560

In the given series, the term 550 does not fit this pattern as 320 × 2 results in 640. The subsequent term 640 × 4 correctly yields 2560, confirming that 550 is the wrong term.

Explanation

A number that remains unchanged when its digits are reversed is called a palindromic number. For a two-digit number, this property implies that the tens digit and the units digit are identical. The palindromic numbers between 10 and 50 are 11, 22, 33, and 44.

A prime number must have exactly two factors: 1 and itself. Among the identified candidates, 22, 33, and 44 are all composite because they are divisible by 11 and other integers like 2, 3, or 4. The only number in this range that satisfies both the palindromic and prime conditions is 11. Squaring this number yields 11² = 121.

Explanation

The relative ages can be determined by establishing a logical sequence based on the given conditions. According to the first statement, Ram is older than Gopal and Gopal is older than Mohan, which gives the order Ram > Gopal > Mohan. The second statement confirms that Mohan is older than Sohan, extending the sequence to Ram > Gopal > Mohan > Sohan. In this established hierarchy, Ram sits at the top of the age order as he is older than everyone else mentioned in the group.

Explanation

The word Drown cannot be formed because it contains the letter W, which is not present in the given word ENDEAVOUR. All other letters in the alternative words are available within the original word in sufficient quantity.

Explanation

The coding logic follows a specific rearrangement of the letter positions within each word. In the example GIVE, the letters are placed in positions 1, 2, 3, and 4. These are rearranged to form VIEG, which follows the positional sequence 3-2-4-1. Similarly, for the word OVER, the letters at positions 1, 2, 3, and 4 are rearranged to EVRO, maintaining the same 3-2-4-1 pattern. Applying this 3-2-4-1 positional transformation to the word DISK (D=1, I=2, S=3, K=4), the letter at position 3 (S) moves to the first place, the letter at position 2 (I) remains in the second place, the letter at position 4 (K) moves to the third place, and the letter at position 1 (D) moves to the final place, resulting in SIKD.

Explanation

The given symbols represent the following mathematical operations: A denotes +, B denotes -, and C denotes ×. To evaluate the truth of the statement 8A8B8C8 = -48, we substitute these operators into the expression and follow the BODMAS rule, which dictates the order of operations as Brackets, Orders, Division, Multiplication, Addition, and Subtraction.

Substituting the symbols in the expression: 8 + 8 - 8 × 8

Applying the multiplication operation first: 8 + 8 - 64

Next, performing the addition: 16 - 64

Finally, performing the subtraction: 16 - 64 = -48

The calculated value aligns with the value provided in the statement, confirming its accuracy.

Explanation

The logic applied in the given equations is the addition of a constant value of 89 to the first number to arrive at the second number. In the first instance, 462 + 89 = 551. In the second instance, 398 + 89 = 487. Following this consistent pattern for the unsolved equation, the calculation is 856 + 89 = 945.

Explanation

The logic applied in each row of the grid is that the third number is the arithmetic mean of the first two numbers.

For the first row, the calculation is (8 + 6)/(2) = ¹⁴⁄₂ = 7.

For the second row, the calculation is (9 + 13)/(2) = ²²⁄₂ = 11.

Applying the same logic to the third row, the missing value is calculated as (3 + 7)/(2) = ¹⁰⁄₂ = 5.

Explanation

The total displacement is calculated by summing the individual movement vectors. Taking North as the positive y-direction and East as the positive x-direction, the movements are 400 m North, 100 m West, 200 m South, and 100 m East. The net displacement in the East-West direction is dₓ = -100 + 100 = 0 m. The net displacement in the North-South direction is dᵧ = 400 - 200 = 200 m. The distance from the starting point is given by the formula D = √(dₓ² + dᵧ²). D = √(0² + 200²) = 200 metres.

Explanation

The given statements follow a transitive relationship in categorical logic. Let E represent the set of elephants, M represent the set of men, and S represent the set of socks. The first statement establishes that E ⊆ M (all elephants are men), and the second statement establishes that M ⊆ S (all men are socks). By the transitive property of set inclusion, if every member of E is a member of M and every member of M is a member of S, then every member of E must be a member of S. This validates Conclusion II, All elephants are socks. Since all elephants are socks, it logically follows that there is an intersection between the set of socks and the set of elephants, meaning at least some socks are elephants. This validates Conclusion I, Some socks are elephants. Thus, both conclusions are logically certain based on the premises.

Explanation

The relationship in this analogy is based on an animal and its designated dwelling place or shelter. A pig is kept in a sty, which is a small enclosure or building specifically designed for housing pigs. Similarly, a kennel is the specific shelter or small house built for a dog.

Explanation

The pattern followed in the first analogy is a simple subtraction of 1 from the positional value of each letter in the first term to obtain the second term. Specifically, B-1=A, D-1=C, G-1=F, and K-1=J.

Applying this same logic in reverse to find the missing term from the second analogy, we must add 1 to each letter of the fourth term DFIM. The calculation is as follows: D+1=E, F+1=G, I+1=J, and M+1=N. This yields the term EGJN.

Explanation

The numerical relationship in this analogy follows the pattern (n + 5)², where n is the number provided. For the first pair, the number is 1, and applying the pattern gives (1 + 5)² = 6² = 36. For the second pair, where the number is 2, applying the same logic results in (2 + 5)² = 7² = 49.

Explanation

A stable is a building specifically designed to shelter and keep livestock, particularly horses. In contrast, a house, a hut, and a cottage are all different types of dwellings designed for human habitation. Since the primary purpose of a stable is to house animals rather than people, it is the odd one out in the group.

Explanation

The numbers 484, 529, and 625 are all perfect squares of integers. Specifically, 22² = 484, 23² = 529, and 25² = 625. The number 566 is not a perfect square, as the nearest perfect squares are 23² = 529 and 24² = 576, making it the odd one out in the sequence.

Explanation

The series follows the natural chronological progression of human growth and educational stages. Life begins at the stage of an Infant (2), which then develops into a Child (3). During childhood, the individual starts attending School (4). As the individual matures further, they reach the stage of Youth (5), which is the period when one typically pursues higher education in a College (1). Therefore, the sequence 2, 3, 4, 5, 1 represents the logical order of development and academic advancement.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where each term is derived by shifting every letter of the preceding term forward by one position in the English alphabetical order. For the first letters, the sequence progresses as C to D (+1) and D to E (+1), making the next letter F. For the second letters, the sequence moves from U to V (+1) and V to W (+1), which leads to X. For the third letters, the sequence advances from S to T (+1) and T to U (+1), resulting in V. Combining these individual letter progressions yields the term FXV.

Explanation

The underlying pattern in the series 6, 16, 46, 106, 206, … is based on the method of successive differences. Calculating the first-level differences between consecutive terms gives 16 - 6 = 10, 46 - 16 = 30, 106 - 46 = 60, and 206 - 106 = 100.

To find the progression, we calculate the second-level differences between these values: 30 - 10 = 20, 60 - 30 = 30, and 100 - 60 = 40. The second-level differences form an arithmetic sequence with a constant increase of 10, which are 20, 30, and 40. Following this logic, the next second-level difference is 40 + 10 = 50.

Adding this value to the last first-level difference results in the next difference for the main series: 100 + 50 = 150. Finally, the missing term is obtained by adding this difference to the last term of the series: 206 + 150 = 356.

Explanation

A is the wife of D because D is the husband of A. E is the son of D's brother, which makes D the paternal uncle of E. Since A is the wife of E's paternal uncle, A is E's aunt.

Explanation

The seniority hierarchy can be established by comparing the relative positions of each individual. Since Kathir is senior to Ganesh, and Ganesh is senior to Apparu, we have the initial order of Kathir > Ganesh > Apparu. The problem also states that Raju is junior to Ganesh and Apparu is junior to Raju, which places Raju between Ganesh and Apparu in the order of seniority. Combining all these relationships, the final sequence from most senior to most junior is Kathir > Ganesh > Raju > Apparu. In this arrangement, Kathir occupies the highest position.

Explanation

The word REVISION cannot be formed because it requires the letter S and two instances of the letter I. The source word REJUVENATION does not contain the letter S, and it only features the letter I once. Because the letter S is entirely absent from the original word and there is an insufficient count of the letter I, the word REVISION cannot be constructed using the available characters.

Explanation

The numerical value of each word is determined by the sum of the positional values of its constituent letters in the English alphabet, where A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26. Given A=1, the value for HAT is calculated as H(8) + A(1) + T(20) = 29. Applying the same logic to the word PAN, the sum is P(16) + A(1) + N(14) = 31.

Explanation

To verify the equation, substitute the mathematical operators as specified: replace + with multiplication, - with division, / with subtraction, and x with addition. The original expression 25+10-5/10x3 becomes:

25 × 10 / 5 - 10 + 3

Following the BODMAS rule, perform division first, then multiplication, and finally addition and subtraction:

25 × (10 / 5) - 10 + 3 = 25 × 2 - 10 + 3

50 - 10 + 3 = 40 + 3 = 43

The calculated value matches the result on the right-hand side of the equation.

Explanation

The pattern followed in these equations is based on the arrangement of digits rather than actual subtraction. If we represent the numbers in the form XY - WZ, the resulting four-digit number is formed by rearranging the digits into the sequence XWYZ. This corresponds to the first digit of the first number, followed by the first digit of the second number, then the second digit of the first number, and finally the second digit of the second number.

In the first equation, 53 - 34 = 5334, the digits are X=5, Y=3, W=3, and Z=4. Arranging them as XWYZ gives 5334.

In the second equation, 65 - 46 = 6456, the digits are X=6, Y=5, W=4, and Z=6. Arranging them in the same XWYZ sequence results in 6456.

Applying this specific logic to the unsolved equation 75 - 24, we identify the digits as X=7, Y=5, W=2, and Z=4. Placing them in the XWYZ order yields the result 7254.

Explanation

The sequence is structured as a series of triplets (x, y, z) where each triplet follows the mathematical relationship x + (y × 4) = z.

In the first triplet (6, 5, 26), the calculation is 6 + (5 × 4) = 6 + 20 = 26. In the second triplet (4, 7, 32), the calculation is 4 + (7 × 4) = 4 + 28 = 32. In the third triplet (?, 9, 44), let the missing number be x. Applying the same logic gives the equation x + (9 × 4) = 44. Solving for x, we get x + 36 = 44, which simplifies to x = 44 - 36 = 8.

Explanation

Deepak first travels 75 metres East. Turning left from the East direction means he moves North for 25 metres. From North, another left turn directs him West for 40 metres. This reduces his net Eastward displacement to 75 - 40 = 35 metres. Finally, turning left from West means he moves South for 25 metres. Because his 25-metre Northward movement is exactly cancelled by the 25-metre Southward movement, his final position lies on the same horizontal axis as his starting point. The distance from the starting point is simply the net Eastward displacement of 35 metres.

Explanation

The logical relationship established by the statements can be analyzed using the standard rules of syllogism. Statement 1 is a universal affirmative (All A are B) and Statement 2 is a universal negative (No B are C). Combining these yields a universal negative conclusion (No A are C), which means no fish is a crocodile. This directly proves Conclusion II. Since the universal negative proposition is perfectly reversible, if no fish is a crocodile, then no crocodile is a fish, which proves Conclusion I.

Using a Venn diagram approach, all fish are contained within the set of tortoises. The set of tortoises is entirely disjoint from the set of crocodiles. Because the set of fish exists completely inside the set of tortoises, it cannot have any overlap with the set of crocodiles. Therefore, both conclusions regarding the lack of any relationship between fish and crocodiles are logically certain.

Explanation

The relationship in the given analogy is based on anatomical terminology where the first term represents the digits of the body part mentioned in the second term. Fingers are the individual digits that comprise the terminal part of the hand. In a similar biological classification, toes are the specific digits that form the terminal part of the feet. Therefore, just as fingers are to hand, toes are to feet.

Explanation

The relationship between the first and second terms is established by shifting each letter forward by two positions in the English alphabetical order. For OOQR and QQST, the mapping is as follows: O + 2 = Q, O + 2 = Q, Q + 2 = S, and R + 2 = T. Applying this same constant +2 increment logic to each letter of the third term UUWX, we calculate the fourth term as follows: U + 2 = W, U + 2 = W, W + 2 = Y, and X + 2 = Z. This transformation results in the sequence WWYZ.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of numbers is based on a constant increment. By subtracting the first number from the second, we find the difference: 453 - 342 = 111. This pattern indicates that 111 is added to the first term to obtain the second term. Alternatively, this can be viewed as increasing each individual digit of the number 342 by 1 (3 → 4, 4 → 5, 2 → 3). Following this same rule for the second pair, we add 111 to 831, resulting in 831 + 111 = 942. Applying the digit-wise logic also yields the same result, as increasing each digit of 831 by 1 gives 9, 4, and 2 respectively.

Explanation

Gentle is the odd word because it denotes a mild, kind, and refined character. The other three words share a common meaning related to being primitive, harsh, or lacking in social and cultural development. In this set, Barbarous, Uncivilized, and Wild act as synonyms, making Gentle the antonym and thus the outlier.

Explanation

The alphabetical positions of the letters in GHK are G = 7, H = 8, and K = 11. The sequence involves an increment of 1 between the first and second letters (7 + 1 = 8) and an increment of 3 between the second and third letters (8 + 3 = 11). This +1, +3 pattern distinguishes GHK as the odd one out, as the other letter groups follow a consistent +1, +2 increment pattern.

Explanation

The pair 18:48 is the odd one out because it does not follow the mathematical pattern y = 3x - 10 that is consistent across the other alternatives. In this pattern, the second number is derived by tripling the first number and then subtracting 10. For the value 18, this calculation results in 18 × 3 - 10 = 44. Because the pair provides 48 instead of 44, it fails to adhere to the uniform subtraction constant of 10 used to define the relationship between the numbers in the remaining pairs.

Explanation

To arrange words in dictionary order, we compare letters from left to right. All four words start with the prefix Mod. Comparing the fourth letter of each word, Modal (2) has a, Mode (3) has e, and both Modicum (1) and Modifier (4) have i. Since a comes before e, and e comes before i, the sequence begins with 2 followed by 3. To determine the order between Modicum (1) and Modifier (4), we compare the fifth letter of both words. Modicum has c as its fifth letter while Modifier has f. Because c precedes f in the alphabet, Modicum (1) comes before Modifier (4). This results in the final dictionary sequence of 2, 3, 1, 4.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern based on the alphabetical positions of each letter in the triplets.

For the first letter of each term: X (24) → W (23) → V (22). The pattern is -1 for each step. The next letter in the sequence is 22 - 1 = 21, which corresponds to U.

For the second letter of each term: B (2) → F (6) → J (10). The pattern is +4 for each step. The next letter in the sequence is 10 + 4 = 14, which corresponds to N.

For the third letter of each term: C (3) → G (7) → K (11). The pattern is +4 for each step. The next letter in the sequence is 11 + 4 = 15, which corresponds to O.

Combining these results, the missing term is UNO.

Explanation

The series follows a recursive mathematical pattern where each subsequent term is derived from the previous term using the formula Tₙ = (Tₙ₋₁ + 1) × (n-1), where n represents the position of the term in the sequence.

Starting with the first term T₁ = 0: For n=2: T₂ = (0 + 1) × 1 = 1 For n=3: T₃ = (1 + 1) × 2 = 4 For n=4: T₄ = (4 + 1) × 3 = 15 For n=5: T₅ = (15 + 1) × 4 = 64

The validity of this pattern is confirmed by the remaining terms in the series: For n=6: T₆ = (64 + 1) × 5 = 325 For n=7: T₇ = (325 + 1) × 6 = 1956

By applying the logic to the fourth term, we find that the fifth term is 16 × 4, which equals 64.

Explanation

The lady's father's only son is the lady's brother. The wife of this brother is Meera's mother-in-law. Since Meera's husband is the son of her mother-in-law, he is the son of the lady's brother. In family relationships, the son of one's brother is defined as a nephew. Therefore, Meera's husband is the nephew of the lady in the photograph.