SSC CGL Tier 1 2013 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

To determine the position of P relative to Y, we can map the points on a cardinal plane. Let X be the reference point. Y is to the East of X, placing it to the right of X on a horizontal line. Since X is in the North of Z, Z must be South of X, placing it directly below X on a vertical line. P is in the South of Z, meaning P is further below Z on that same vertical line.

Now, considering the position of P with respect to Y: P is located below the horizontal level of Y (South) and to the left of the vertical level of Y (West). Combining these two directional components, P is in the South-West direction relative to Y.

Explanation

Kate begins by walking South. When she makes her first left turn from the Southward direction, she begins walking towards the East. After traveling 8 km East, she makes a second left turn. Turning left from the East leads her to face and walk towards the North. Since she continues walking in this direction for 8 km until she stops to meet her friend, her final orientation remains North. Although her friend is approaching from the opposite direction, Kate's own facing direction is determined by the trajectory of her last movement.

Explanation

Conclusion I follows directly from Statement I through the rule of logical conversion. In syllogistic reasoning, a particular affirmative proposition of the form "Some A are B" implies its converse "Some B are A". Since the first premise states that some birds are clouds, it is a logical necessity that there are some clouds that are birds.

Conclusion II does not follow because Statement II only establishes that a horse belongs to the category of birds. While Statement I says some birds are clouds, it does not provide information about which specific birds are or are not clouds. Without a negative premise or a statement excluding horses from the set of clouds, it is possible for a horse to be a cloud. Therefore, the definite negative conclusion that a horse is not a cloud cannot be drawn with certainty from the given information.

Explanation

Statement I confirms that Ravi has exactly five pens. Statement II specifies that no other person in the class possesses five pens. By combining these two premises, it is logically certain that Ravi is the only individual in the class who has exactly five pens. Since Ravi is a member of the class and the exclusivity of the count of five is established by the second statement, conclusion IV is a direct and necessary logical deduction from the given information.