SSC CGL Tier 1 2017 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

In this code language, the mathematical operators are substituted such that × represents ÷, ÷ represents -, + represents ×, and - represents +. By applying these replacements to the given expression 42 × 7 ÷ 7 + 9 - 62, the equation becomes 42 ÷ 7 - 7 × 9 + 62. Following the BODMAS order of operations, the division is performed first, yielding 42 ÷ 7 = 6. Then, the multiplication is performed, giving 7 × 9 = 63. The expression reduces to 6 - 63 + 62. Adding and subtracting from left to right, 6 - 63 equals -57, and -57 + 62 equals 5.

Explanation

The pattern followed in the given expressions is (x - y)/(2), where x and y are the numbers before and after the @ symbol.

Applying this logic to the given equations: 17 @ 1 = (17 - 1)/(2) = ¹⁶⁄₂ = 8 9 @ 1 = (9 - 1)/(2) = ⁸⁄₂ = 4 6 @ 4 = (6 - 4)/(2) = ²⁄₂ = 1

Using the same formula for the required value: 8 @ 2 = (8 - 2)/(2) = ⁶⁄₂ = 3

Explanation

The pattern in the grid is determined by arithmetic operations within each column. In the first column, the third number is the sum of the first two numbers: 23 + 45 = 68

In the second column, the third number is the result of subtracting the second number from the first: 114 - 25 = 89

Applying the same subtraction logic from the second column to the third column, the missing number is found by subtracting the second row value from the first row value: 204 - 36 = 168

Explanation

The movement of the truck can be mapped on a coordinate plane starting at (0, 0). Moving 36 km North places the truck at (0, 36). Turning West and traveling 9 km moves it to (-9, 36). The truck then turns South and travels 50 km, reaching the coordinates (-9, 36 - 50), which simplifies to (-9, -14). While facing South, a left turn is equivalent to turning East. Traveling 9 km East moves the truck to (-9 + 9, -14), resulting in the final position (0, -14). In this coordinate system, a negative y-value represents the South direction, placing the truck 14 km South relative to its starting point.

Explanation

Conclusion I is a direct inference from Statement 1 using the logical rule of conversion. In categorical logic, a particular affirmative statement of the form Some A are B can be converted into Some B are A. Since Statement 1 asserts that some clever are intelligent, it is logically certain that some intelligent are clever.

Conclusion II does not follow because the premises do not establish an affirmative relationship between smart and clever. Statement 1 connects clever and intelligent, while Statement 2 states that no intelligent is smart. When these are combined, the only valid deduction regarding the two remaining terms is that the specific group of clever individuals who are intelligent cannot be smart (Some clever are not smart). There is no information provided to support the claim that some smart are clever. Therefore, only the first conclusion is logically valid.

Explanation

The relationship established in the first pair is based on the measure of each interior angle of a regular polygon. A square is a regular quadrilateral with four equal sides and four equal angles, where each interior angle measures 90°. Similarly, an equilateral triangle is a regular polygon with three equal sides and three equal interior angles. The sum of the interior angles of any triangle is 180°. Since all three angles in an equilateral triangle are equal, the measure of each angle is calculated as 180° / 3, which results in 60°.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of letter groups follows a constant subtraction pattern in the alphabetical order of the letters. Each letter in the first group is shifted back by 3 positions to obtain the corresponding letter in the second group. For ILN to FIK, the shifts are I (9) - 3 = F (6), L (12) - 3 = I (9), and N (14) - 3 = K (11).

Applying this same -3 logic to the group RUW, we determine the missing letters by subtracting 3 from the numerical position of each letter. For R, the 18th letter, 18 - 3 = 15, which corresponds to O. For U, the 21st letter, 21 - 3 = 18, which corresponds to R. For W, the 23rd letter, 23 - 3 = 20, which corresponds to T. This sequence results in the group ORT.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of numbers is defined by the addition of 2 to the antecedent. In the first ratio, the second number is obtained by the calculation 99 + 2 = 101. Following the same logic for the second ratio, the missing number is found by adding 2 to the third term, resulting in 100 + 2 = 102.

Explanation

Carrom is classified as an indoor game played on a board within a confined space. Unlike the other listed sports, which are played on large open fields or pitches and are categorized as outdoor games, carrom does not require an expansive physical environment.

Explanation

The letters in the cluster QTW follow a specific numerical pattern based on their positions in the English alphabet. The positional values are Q = 17, T = 20, and W = 23. Calculating the difference between consecutive letters shows a constant increment of 3, as 20 - 17 = 3 and 23 - 20 = 3. This pattern of +3 differs from the other alternatives, where the letters are separated by a constant increment of +2.

Explanation

The number 111 is not divisible by 11, which distinguishes it from the other numbers in the set. The alternatives 121, 44, and 66 are all multiples of 11, specifically 11 × 11 = 121, 11 × 4 = 44, and 11 × 6 = 66. Since 111 does not share this common property of divisibility by 11, it is the odd one out.

Explanation

The given sequence follows a pattern where the number of letters in each word increases progressively by one. The first word tub consists of 3 letters, the second word size has 4 letters, the third word latin has 5 letters, and the fourth word formal contains 6 letters. To maintain this arithmetic progression, the next word in the series must contain 7 letters. The word capital satisfies this condition as it is composed of exactly seven letters.

Explanation

The series is constructed using blocks of four consecutive letters in reverse alphabetical order, with a one-letter gap between each block.

Block 1: Y, X, W, V (25, 24, 23, 22) followed by a skip of U (21). Block 2: T, S, R, Q (20, 19, 18, 17) followed by a skip of P (16). Block 3: O, N, M, L (15, 14, 13, 12) followed by a skip of K (11). Block 4: J, I, H, G (10, 9, 8, 7) followed by a skip of F (6). Block 5: E, D, C, B (5, 4, 3, 2) followed by a skip of A (1).

This sequence of five blocks and five gaps utilizes 25 letters of the alphabet (Y through A). To restart the cycle, the 26th letter (Z) is skipped. The sixth term therefore returns to the first block of letters: Y, X, W, V.

The lowercase letter in each term follows a specific rotation, moving one position to the left in each step: Term 1: 4th position is lowercase (v). Term 2: 3rd position is lowercase (r). Term 3: 2nd position is lowercase (n). Term 4: 1st position (logical progression suggests j, though the prompt lists the term as JIHG). Term 5: The pattern resets to the 4th position being lowercase (b). Term 6: The lowercase letter shifts to the 3rd position.

Applying this case pattern to the YXWV block results in YXwV.

Explanation

The series follows the mathematical pattern of n² + 1 for n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The first term is 1² + 1 = 2, the second is 2² + 1 = 5, the third is 3² + 1 = 10, and the fourth is 4² + 1 = 17. Following this logic, the missing fifth term is 5² + 1 = 26. This is verified by the sixth term, which is 6² + 1 = 37. Another way to observe the pattern is by looking at the differences between consecutive terms, which are consecutive odd numbers: 5 - 2 = 3, 10 - 5 = 5, 17 - 10 = 7. Continuing this arithmetic progression of differences, the next difference must be 9, making the missing number 17 + 9 = 26.

Explanation

To determine the day of the week for Shreyas's birthday, calculate the total number of days from 21st May to 14th November in the same year. First, calculate the days remaining in May, which is 31 - 21 = 10. Then, add the total number of days for the intervening months: June has 30 days, July has 31 days, August has 31 days, September has 30 days, and October has 31 days. Finally, add the 14 days of November.

The total number of days is 10 + 30 + 31 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 14 = 177. To find the number of odd days, divide this total by 7: 177 ÷ 7 = 25 weeks and a remainder of 2 days. These 2 extra days are the odd days. Counting 2 days forward from Sunday (the day of Gurkira's birthday) gives Monday and then Tuesday. Since the period from May to November does not include February, the calculation remains the same regardless of whether the year is a leap year or a non-leap year.

Explanation

The total weight of all four boxes is 40 + 50 + 70 + 80 = 240 kg. To achieve a total weight of 220 kg, it would be necessary to exclude a combination of boxes that sums exactly to 240 - 220 = 20 kg. However, the smallest individual weight available is 40 kg, and there is no possible subset of the given weights {40, 50, 70, 80} that can sum to 20 kg. Consequently, a total weight of 220 kg cannot be formed using any combination of these boxes.

Explanation

The word HAUNT cannot be formed using the letters of THUMBING because it contains the letter A, which is not present in the original word. THUMBING consists of the letters T, H, U, M, B, I, N, and G, none of which can be used to represent the A required for HAUNT.

Explanation

The coding pattern follows a simple alphabetical shift where each letter in the word is replaced by the letter that appears two positions after it in the English alphabet. For the word HUMBLED, the transformation is H + 2 = J, U + 2 = W, M + 2 = O, B + 2 = D, L + 2 = N, E + 2 = G, and D + 2 = F. Using this same rule for the word WAX, the shifts are W (23rd letter) + 2 = Y (25th letter), A (1st letter) + 2 = C (3rd letter), and X (24th letter) + 2 = Z (26th letter). Following this +2 sequence, the code for WAX is YCZ.

Explanation

To solve the expression 60 × 5 + 3 ÷ 24 - 6, first substitute the mathematical operators according to the rules of the code language: × is replaced by ÷, + is replaced by ×, ÷ is replaced by -, and - is replaced by +.

The modified expression becomes: 60 ÷ 5 × 3 - 24 + 6

Following the BODMAS rule (Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction), the operations are performed in the following order:

Division: 60 ÷ 5 = 12. The expression is now 12 × 3 - 24 + 6. Multiplication: 12 × 3 = 36. The expression is now 36 - 24 + 6. Subtraction and Addition: Performing the operations from left to right, 36 - 24 = 12, and 12 + 6 = 18.

The final value of the expression is 18.

Explanation

The logic behind the operation @ is defined by the formula a @ b = 2(a - b). This can be verified with the provided examples:

For 9 @ 3: 2(9 - 3) = 2 × 6 = 12 For 15 @ 4: 2(15 - 4) = 2 × 11 = 22 For 16 @ 14: 2(16 - 14) = 2 × 2 = 4

Applying the same mathematical rule to the final expression: 6 @ 2 = 2(6 - 2) = 2 × 4 = 8

Explanation

The logic followed in this matrix involves adding the first two numbers of each row and then multiplying that sum by the third number to obtain the value in the fourth column. The general formula for each row is (Column 1 + Column 2) × Column 3 = Column 4.

Applying this to the first row: (3 + 4) × 2 = 7 × 2 = 14. Applying this to the second row: (6 + 5) × 4 = 11 × 4 = 44. Applying this to the third row: (5 + 2) × 7 = 7 × 7 = 49.

Explanation

To determine the final positions of P and Q, we can track their movements on a coordinate system starting from the origin (0, 0). Motorcyclist P moves 11 km West to (-11, 0), then 16 km South to (-11, -16). Turning right while facing South means moving further West, so P rides another 14 km West to reach the final position (-11 - 14, -16), which is (-25, -16).

Motorcyclist Q starts from the same origin (0, 0) and moves 30 km South to reach (0, -30). Turning right while facing South also means moving West, so Q rides 25 km West to reach the final position (-25, -30).

Comparing the final coordinates of P (-25, -16) and Q (-25, -30), both are located 25 km West of the starting point. The vertical distance between them is the difference in their Southward displacement: 30 km - 16 km = 14 km. Since Q has traveled 30 km South and P has traveled only 16 km South, Q is located 14 km South of P.

Explanation

Argument II is a strong argument because it highlights the economic significance of international trade. Exporting commodities like mangoes is a primary source of foreign exchange earnings for a country. Foreign currency reserves are essential for maintaining a healthy balance of trade, stabilizing the national currency, and paying for critical imports such as petroleum and technology. Banning exports would lead to a loss of these vital financial resources and could negatively impact the livelihoods of farmers and exporters who depend on global markets. Consequently, the economic benefit of earning foreign currency outweighs the temporary objective of reducing domestic prices through a trade ban.

Explanation

The first pair of words, Hope and Despair, are antonyms because they represent opposite emotional states. Hope refers to the expectation of a positive outcome, while Despair signifies the complete loss of hope. To complete the analogy, the second pair must also be antonyms. A Lunatic is defined as a person who is mentally ill or irrational. The word Sane refers to a person who is of sound mind and rational judgment, making it the direct opposite of Lunatic.

Explanation

The relationship between the letter sets is based on the concept of opposite letters in the English alphabet, where the sum of the numerical positions of two related letters is 27. In the first pair, M (13) and N (14) sum to 13 + 14 = 27. Similarly, O (15) and L (12) sum to 15 + 12 = 27, and Q (17) and J (10) sum to 17 + 10 = 27. Applying this same logic to the set SUW, the letter S is at position 19, so its opposite is 27 - 19 = 8, which is H. The letter U is at position 21, so its opposite is 27 - 21 = 6, which is F. Finally, the letter W is at position 23, so its opposite is 27 - 23 = 4, which is D.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in the first pair is based on a simple division by 3. By dividing the first term by 3, we obtain the second term as shown:

111 ÷ 3 = 37

To find the missing number in the second pair, we apply the same mathematical operation to 123:

123 ÷ 3 = 41

Explanation

A carpet is a textile floor covering designed to be laid on the ground. This distinguishes it from the other items, which are all functional or decorative objects intended to be mounted or hung on a wall. The primary difference lies in the physical placement and usage of the items within a room, where the carpet is the only one used for the floor.

Explanation

PPQ is the odd group because it consists of a repeated letter, P, followed by the letter Q. This specific pattern of character duplication distinguishes it as the outlier. In logical sequences based on alphabetical order, the inclusion of a repeated letter breaks the standard progression of unique, consecutive characters. By repeating the letter P before advancing to Q, this combination establishes a structural composition that is distinct from the other alternatives.

Explanation

The number 80 is a composite number because it has more than two factors, being divisible by 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 40, and 80. In contrast, the numbers 13, 17, and 31 are all prime numbers, meaning they have no positive divisors other than 1 and themselves. This difference in mathematical classification makes 80 the odd number in the set.

Explanation

The words in the series follow a logical progression based on their character count. The first word yes contains 3 letters, the second word rain contains 4 letters, the third word alive contains 5 letters, and the fourth word subtle contains 6 letters. To continue this incremental pattern of n + 1, the next word in the series must consist of exactly 7 letters. The word airport satisfies this requirement as it is composed of 7 letters.

Explanation

The first letter of each term in the series follows a consistent numerical progression based on its position in the English alphabet: Term 1: A (1) Term 2: g (7) Term 3: M (13) Term 4: s (19) Term 5: Y (25)

The pattern shows a constant addition of 6 to the alphabetical index of the starting letter (1+6=7, 7+6=13, 13+6=19, 19+6=25). To find the next term, we continue this progression: 25 + 6 = 31. In a 26-letter alphabet, the 31st position corresponds to the 5th letter (31 - 26 = 5), which is 'E'.

Since none of the provided options (airport, smoke, inch, fabulous) start with the letter 'E', the series follows a cyclic pattern where the sequence of starting letters {A, g, M, s, Y} restarts. Following this cycle, the next word in the series must start with the letter 'a'. Among the given alternatives, airport is the only word that begins with the letter 'a'.

Explanation

The series follows a mathematical pattern where each term is the reciprocal of the square of consecutive natural numbers, defined by the general term Tₙ = 1/n² for n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

The first term is 1/1² = 1. The second term is 1/2² = 1/4 = 0.25. The third term is 1/3² = 1/9. The fifth term is 1/5² = 1/25 = 0.04. The sixth term is 1/6² = 1/36.

To find the missing fourth term where n = 4, we calculate 1/4². This yields 1/16, which in decimal form is exactly 0.0625.

Explanation

To find the day of the week for Shlok's birthday, we calculate the total number of days from March 10 to September 25 in the same year. March has 21 remaining days (31 - 10), followed by April (30 days), May (31 days), June (30 days), July (31 days), August (31 days), and September (25 days). The sum of these days is 21 + 30 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 31 + 25 = 199 days. To determine the shift in the day of the week, we find the number of odd days by taking the remainder when the total days are divided by 7, which is 199 7 = 3. Adding 3 odd days to Friday results in Monday, as Friday plus one day is Saturday, plus two days is Sunday, and plus three days is Monday.

Explanation

The total weight of any combination is calculated by summing a subset of the available box weights: 70, 50, 30, and 90 kg. The maximum possible weight using all four boxes is 70 + 50 + 30 + 90 = 240 kg. To obtain a total of 220 kg from this set, one would need to exclude a combination of boxes that sums to exactly 240 - 220 = 20 kg. Since the lightest box in the set weighs 30 kg, there is no single box or combination of boxes that can sum to 20 kg. Furthermore, the highest possible sum using only three boxes is found by excluding the smallest box (30 kg), which results in 240 - 30 = 210 kg. Any other subset of three boxes or fewer will result in a total even lower than 210 kg. Therefore, the weight of 220 kg cannot be formed by any combination of these four boxes.

Explanation

The word SHORTING contains the letters S, H, O, R, T, I, N, and G. To form the word NOISE, the letters N, O, I, S, and E are required. However, the letter E is not present in the word SHORTING, making it impossible to construct the word NOISE from the given letters.

Explanation

The coding follows the formula Positionₙₑ_w = Positionₒᵣᵢ_gᵢₙₐₗ + 2 in the English alphabet. In the word BAPTISM, every character is shifted two places forward to create DCRVKUO: B (2) + 2 = D (4), A (1) + 2 = C (3), P (16) + 2 = R (18), T (20) + 2 = V (22), I (9) + 2 = K (11), S (19) + 2 = U (21), and M (13) + 2 = O (15).

Applying the same n + 2 logic to the word TIN: T (20) + 2 = 22 (V) I (9) + 2 = 11 (K) N (14) + 2 = 16 (P)

Explanation

Based on the rules of the given code language, the mathematical operators in the expression are substituted as follows: × is replaced by ÷, - is replaced by +, + is replaced by ×, and ÷ is replaced by -.

Substituting these symbols into the original expression 45 × 5 - 24 + 3 ÷ 80 gives the following calculation: 45 ÷ 5 + 24 × 3 - 80

Following the BODMAS rule, the operations are performed in order: First, perform the division: 45 ÷ 5 = 9. The expression becomes 9 + 24 × 3 - 80. Next, perform the multiplication: 24 × 3 = 72. The expression becomes 9 + 72 - 80. Then, perform the addition: 9 + 72 = 81. The expression becomes 81 - 80. Finally, perform the subtraction: 81 - 80 = 1.

Explanation

The logic used in the given equations involves dividing the second number by the first number. In the first equation, 125 ÷ 5 = 25. In the second equation, 48 ÷ 12 = 4. Applying the same rule to the required expression, we divide the second number by the first number such that 24 ÷ 4 = 6.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in each column follows a multiplicative pattern where the value in the third row is the product of the values in the first and second rows. In the first column, 13 × 17 = 221. In the third column, 17 × 19 = 323. To find the missing value in the second column, the same logic is applied by multiplying the first two numbers: 7 × 23 = 161.

Explanation

Let the starting airport be the origin (0, 0) on a Cartesian plane where the x-axis represents East-West and the y-axis represents North-South. Plane A flies 50 km East, reaching the coordinates (50, 0). Plane B first flies 15 km North to (0, 15), then turns East and flies 20 km to (20, 15), and finally turns right to fly 15 km South. The final position of Plane B is (20, 15 - 15) = (20, 0).

To find the position of B with respect to A, we calculate the displacement vector AB = Position B - Position A. This gives (20 - 50, 0 - 0) = (-30, 0). A horizontal displacement of -30 km relative to Plane A indicates that Plane B is located 30 km to the West of Plane A.

Explanation

Argument I is strong because it addresses the fundamental ethical issue regarding animal rights and freedom. The concept of keeping animals in confined spaces away from their natural habitats is often equated with imprisonment, which violates the basic principle of liberty for living beings. In the context of critical reasoning, an argument that highlights a moral or human rights-based concern (or in this case, animal rights) is considered a strong justification for a policy change, as it points to a significant ethical conflict inherent in the existence of zoos.

Explanation

The relationship in the analogy is based on an institution and the primary professional who operates within it. A school is a functional institution where a teacher performs their professional duties and provides services. Similarly, a court is a legal institution where a lawyer performs their professional role by practicing law and representing clients. In both cases, the second term represents the individual whose vocation is centered in the location specified by the first term.

Explanation

The relationship between the first and second groups of letters is established by shifting each letter three positions backward in the alphabetical order. For the first pair EGI and BDF, the letter E (5th) becomes B (2nd), G (7th) becomes D (4th), and I (9th) becomes F (6th), representing a constant subtraction of 3 for each position. To find the missing group for KMO, the same logic is applied to the numerical positions of K (11), M (13), and O (15). Subtracting 3 from each of these values gives 8, 10, and 12. The letters corresponding to these positions in the alphabet are H, J, and L, which form the group HJL.

Explanation

The logic followed in the given analogy is to multiply the first number by -2 to obtain the second number. In the first pair 5 : -10, the calculation is 5 × (-2) = -10. Applying the same logic to the second pair -8 : ?, we multiply -8 by -2. Since the product of two negative numbers is positive, the result is -8 × (-2) = 16.

Explanation

A plate is categorized as crockery or dishware, which serves as a container or vessel to hold food. In contrast, a knife, fork, and spoon are classified as cutlery, which are hand-held implements used specifically for cutting, picking up, or conveying food to the mouth during a meal.

Explanation

The letters F, H, and J correspond to the 6th, 8th, and 10th positions in the alphabetical sequence. The logic for this group is a constant addition of 2 between consecutive letters (6 + 2 = 8 and 8 + 2 = 10). This set is the odd one out because the other alternatives are constructed using a constant addition of 4 between their respective letter positions.

Explanation

The number 421 is not a perfect square. The other numbers in the set are perfect squares of prime numbers, specifically 13² = 169, 17² = 289, and 23² = 529. Since 421 does not satisfy the property of being the square of an integer, it is the odd one out.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where the last two letters of each word form the first two letters of the following word.

In the sequence provided: hello ends in lo, and lower begins with lo. lower ends in er, and error begins with er. error ends in or, and organ begins with or.

Following this logic for the final word in the list, tense ends in the letters se. Therefore, the next word in the series must begin with the letters se. The word senile correctly continues the pattern as it starts with se.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where each subsequent word starts with the last two letters of the preceding word:

hello: ends in lo lower: starts with lo, ends in er error: starts with er, ends in or organ: starts with or, ends in an analyse (or tense): starts with an, ends in se

Following this logic, the missing word must start with the letters se. Among the given options, senile is the only word that begins with these letters.

Explanation

The given series can be converted into a uniform decimal format to identify the pattern. The values are 3/5 = 0.6, 1.4, 11/5 = 2.2, ?, 19/5 = 3.8, and 4.6. By calculating the difference between consecutive terms, we find 1.4 - 0.6 = 0.8 and 2.2 - 1.4 = 0.8. Similarly, at the end of the series, 4.6 - 3.8 = 0.8. This indicates that the series is an arithmetic progression with a constant common difference of 0.8. To find the missing term, we add the common difference to the third term: 2.2 + 0.8 = 3.0. This value also satisfies the subsequent step, as 3.0 + 0.8 = 3.8.