SSC CGL Tier 1 2017 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The series is determined by the numerical positions of the letters in the English alphabet: A = 1, C = 3, E = 5, H = 8, and K = 11. By calculating the differences between consecutive terms, a repeating pattern of increments becomes evident: 3 - 1 = 2 5 - 3 = 2 8 - 5 = 3 11 - 8 = 3 The increments follow a periodic sequence of pairs: +2, +2 followed by +3, +3. In such a cyclic pattern, after the pair of +3 increments is completed, the sequence returns to the initial increment of +2. Applying this to the position of the last given letter, K: 11 + 2 = 13 The 13th letter of the English alphabet is M.

Explanation

The given sequence represents the triangular numbers, where each term is the sum of consecutive integers starting from 1. The pattern is established by adding an increasing natural number to each subsequent term. Specifically, the differences between consecutive terms are as follows: 3 - 1 = 2, 6 - 3 = 3, 10 - 6 = 4, and 15 - 10 = 5. Since the difference increases by 1 at each step, the next difference must be 6. Adding this to the last known term gives 15 + 6 = 21.

Alternatively, the n-th term of this series can be calculated using the formula for the sum of the first n natural numbers, Tₙ = ⁿ⁽ⁿ⁺¹⁾⁄₂. The terms provided correspond to n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. For the missing sixth term (n = 6), the formula yields T₆ = (6 × (6 + 1))/(2) = (6 × 7)/(2) = 21.

Explanation

Manu is positioned 7th from the bottom of the row. Shrey is 10 ranks above Manu, which places Shrey at the 7 + 10 = 17th position from the bottom. The question also specifies that Shrey is 8th from the top end of the row. To find the total number of people in the row, we use the formula Total = (Position from Top + Position from Bottom) - 1. By substituting Shrey's known positions into the formula, the calculation becomes Total = (8 + 17) - 1. Solving this gives 25 - 1 = 24.

Explanation

Let S and N represent the present ages of Sahil and Nihal, respectively. According to the first condition, seven years ago Sahil's age was equal to Nihal's present age, so S - 7 = N, which gives S - N = 7.

According to the second condition, the sum of Sahil's age five years ago and Nihal's age six years later is 58, which gives (S - 5) + (N + 6) = 58. This simplifies to S + N + 1 = 58, or S + N = 57.

Adding the two equations S - N = 7 and S + N = 57 results in 2S = 64, hence S = 32. Sahil's present age is 32 years. Since Ruchi is 4 years elder to Sahil, her present age is 32 + 4 = 36 years. Therefore, after 10 years, Ruchi's age will be 36 + 10 = 46 years.

Explanation

The word Strict contains the letter C. Upon examining the letters available in the source word Representation, which are R, E, P, R, E, S, E, N, T, A, T, I, O, N, it is evident that the letter C is missing. Consequently, the word Strict cannot be formed.

Explanation

The code is based on the reverse position of letters in the English alphabet, where the sum of the original letter position x and the coded letter position y satisfies the relation x + y = 27. For the word GENIUS, the positional values are G=7, E=5, N=14, I=9, U=21, and S=19. Applying the formula, the coded letters are 27 - 7 = 20 (T), 27 - 5 = 22 (V), 27 - 14 = 13 (M), 27 - 9 = 18 (R), 27 - 21 = 6 (F), and 27 - 19 = 8 (H). Following this sequence, GENIUS is written as TVMRFH.

Explanation

To solve the expression, we first replace the given symbols with their corresponding mathematical operators: θ (added to) denotes + δ (divided by) denotes ÷ b (multiplied by) denotes × a (subtracted from) denotes -

Substituting these into the expression 10 θ 8 δ 4 b 6 a 8 θ 9, we get: 10 + 8 ÷ 4 × 6 - (8 + 9)

According to the BODMAS rule, we perform division and multiplication first, and treat the phrase "subtracted from" as a grouping operator for the terms following it:

Step 1: Perform the division within the first part: 8 ÷ 4 = 2

Step 2: Perform the multiplication: 2 × 6 = 12

Step 3: Solve the addition within the second part (the group being subtracted): 8 + 9 = 17

Step 4: Combine the results: 10 + 12 - 17

Step 5: Final addition and subtraction: 22 - 17 = 5

Explanation

The logic follows a subtraction pattern where the operators A and B both represent the minus sign. In the first equation, the operation is 9² - 4² - 3², which simplifies to 81 - 16 - 9 = 56. Similarly, for the second equation, 7² - 2² - 1² equals 49 - 4 - 1 = 44. Applying this consistent rule to the required expression, we calculate 11² - 5² - 7² = 121 - 25 - 49. Subtracting these values yields 121 - 74 = 47.

Explanation

The pattern followed in the given grid is that the fourth number in each row is the sum of the product of the first three numbers and the sum of those same three numbers.

Row 1: (1 × 7 × 6) + (1 + 7 + 6) = 42 + 14 = 56

Row 2: (1 × 4 × 8) + (1 + 4 + 8) = 32 + 13 = 45

Applying the same logic to Row 3: (2 × 3 × 6) + (2 + 3 + 6) = 36 + 11 = 47

Explanation

The statements follow the syllogistic structure where Statement I is a particular affirmative (Some G are C) and Statement II is a universal affirmative (All C are H). By combining these using the rule that I + A ⟹ I, the middle term clever is eliminated to yield the valid conclusion: Some girls are hardworking. Conclusion II is a direct derivation of this logical deduction. Since both premises are affirmative, any negative conclusion such as some girls are not hardworking or some hardworking are not girls cannot be definitively established. Therefore, only conclusion II follows.

Explanation

The relationship in the given pair is based on an object and its characteristic color. A lemon is typically yellow in color. Similarly, a brinjal is widely known for its distinct purple color.

Explanation

The relationship is based on the concept of opposite letters in the English alphabet, where the sum of the numerical positions of two letters is 27. For the first pair IJK : RQP, the letters I (9th), J (10th), and K (11th) correspond to R (18th), Q (17th), and P (16th) respectively, as 9 + 18 = 27, 10 + 17 = 27, and 11 + 16 = 27. Applying this logic to TUV, where the positions are T (20th), U (21st), and V (22nd), the corresponding letters are calculated as 27 - 20 = 7 (G), 27 - 21 = 6 (F), and 27 - 22 = 5 (E). Thus, TUV corresponds to GFE.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in the first pair is based on their equidistance from the base number 100. The first number is 100 - 5 = 95, and the second number is 100 + 5 = 105. Applying the same logic to the second pair, the first number 89 is 100 - 11. To find the related number, we add the same difference to the base number, resulting in 100 + 11 = 111.

Explanation

The term nephew is a masculine gender noun used to denote a male relative who is the son of one's brother or sister. The other terms provided in the set are all feminine gender nouns used to denote female relatives across different generations and types of familial relationships.

Explanation

The letter group MLN is the odd choice because it fails to follow the consecutive reverse alphabetical order. In the English alphabet, the positions of these letters are 13, 12, and 14. This sequence follows a pattern of n, n-1, n+1, which involves a decrease followed by an increase. The other alternatives follow a consistent pattern of n, n-1, n-2, representing three consecutive letters in descending alphabetical order. Since MLN breaks this uniformity by having the third letter as the successor of the first rather than the predecessor of the second, it is the outlier.

Explanation

The number 4000 is not a perfect square of an integer. The other values provided in the set are all perfect squares, specifically 40², 50², and 60².

Explanation

The series follows a pattern based on the position of the letter s within each word. In the word Smart, the letter s occupies the 1st position. In Aspire, s moves to the 2nd position. In Castle, s is at the 3rd position. In Abysmal, s is at the 4th position, and in Accost, s is at the 5th position. This sequential shift indicates that the next word in the series must have the letter s at the 6th position. In the word Duties, the letter s is the 6th letter, satisfying the established pattern of the sequence.

Explanation

The relationship in the given analogy is based on biological classification. A frog is a member of the class Amphibia, which includes cold-blooded vertebrates that typically spend part of their life cycle in water and part on land. Following this logic, a lizard is biologically classified under the class Reptilia. Reptiles are air-breathing, cold-blooded vertebrates characterized by having skin covered in scales or scutes and usually laying leathery-shelled eggs on land.

Explanation

The relationship between the letter clusters DJLQ and WQOJ is based on the principle of opposite letters in the English alphabet. Two letters are considered opposites if the sum of their numerical positions (where A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26) is exactly 27.

For the first pair: D (4) corresponds to W (23) because 4 + 23 = 27. J (10) corresponds to Q (17) because 10 + 17 = 27. L (12) corresponds to O (15) because 12 + 15 = 27. Q (17) corresponds to J (10) because 17 + 10 = 27.

Applying this logic to DMSW: D (4) corresponds to 27 - 4 = 23, which is W. M (13) corresponds to 27 - 13 = 14, which is N. S (19) corresponds to 27 - 19 = 8, which is H. W (23) corresponds to 27 - 23 = 4, which is D.

Combining these letters results in the sequence WNHD.

Explanation

The series is composed of triplets of consecutive letters where the starting letter of each term follows a specific arithmetic progression. Let Pₙ be the numerical position of the first letter of the n-th term in the alphabet (A=1, B=2, …, Z=26). The positions for the given terms are:

P₁ = B = 2 P₂ = E = 5 (increment of 3) P₃ = I = 9 (increment of 4) P₄ = N = 14 (increment of 5) P₅ = T = 20 (increment of 6)

The difference between the starting positions of consecutive terms increases by 1 at each step. Following this pattern, the starting position for the next term is calculated by adding 7 to the previous position:

P₆ = 20 + 7 = 27

Since the English alphabet consists of 26 letters, we apply modulo 26 arithmetic for positions greater than 26. Thus, 27 ≡ 1 26, which corresponds to the letter A. As every term in the series consists of three consecutive letters, the term starting with A is ABC.

Explanation

The numerical analogy follows the pattern n : n(n + 1), where the first number is multiplied by the next consecutive integer to obtain the second number. In the first pair, 7 : 7 × (7 + 1) = 7 × 8 = 56. Applying the same logic to the second pair, we calculate 11 : 11 × (11 + 1) = 11 × 12 = 132. This relationship can also be expressed as n : n² + n, where 11² + 11 = 121 + 11 = 132.

Explanation

Singer, Director, and Actor are all terms that refer to specific professions or individuals who perform human roles within the creative and performing arts industries. Conversely, Music is an abstract art form or the product created by such individuals, rather than a designation for a person or a professional role.

Explanation

In the given sets of letters, the pattern is determined by the numerical positions of the letters in the English alphabet. For the groups JGD (10, 7, 4), XUR (24, 21, 18), and QNK (17, 14, 11), there is a constant decrease of 3 between consecutive letters. However, in the case of NLI, the positions are 14, 12, and 9. The difference between N and L is 14 - 12 = 2, and the difference between L and I is 12 - 9 = 3. Because the first difference is 2 instead of 3, this set does not follow the uniform subtraction pattern found in the other alternatives.

Explanation

The number 93 is a composite number because it is divisible by 3 and 31. Using the divisibility rule for 3, the sum of the digits 9 + 3 = 12 is divisible by 3, which confirms that 93 = 3 × 31. While the other values are prime numbers with only two factors, 93 has multiple factors including 1, 3, 31, and 93. This property of being composite identifies 93 as the odd number.

Explanation

Dictionary order is determined by comparing characters from left to right based on alphabetical precedence. All words share the same first letter C. For the second letter, Carnation (4) has a, Counter (1) has o, and the rest have r. Since a comes before o and o comes before r, the sequence begins with 4 then 1. Comparing the remaining three words, Create (3) and Creator (5) have e as the third letter, while Crop (2) has o. Because e precedes o, Crop is placed after both Create and Creator. To distinguish between Create and Creator, we examine the sixth letter because the first five letters are identical. Create has e while Creator has o. Since e comes before o, Create (3) is listed before Creator (5). Thus, the full alphabetical sequence is Carnation, Counter, Create, Creator, and finally Crop.

Explanation

The series follows an alternating addition pattern based on the numerical positions of the letters in the English alphabet. The positions are as follows: A = 1, E = 5, J = 10, N = 14, S = 19, and W = 23.

By calculating the difference between consecutive terms, we find: 5 - 1 = +4 10 - 5 = +5 14 - 10 = +4 19 - 14 = +5 23 - 19 = +4

The pattern of additions is +4, +5, +4, +5, +4. To find the next term in the series, we must add 5 to the position of the last given letter. Next position = 23 + 5 = 28.

Since the alphabet consists of 26 letters, we subtract 26 to wrap around to the beginning: 28 - 26 = 2. The letter at the 2nd position in the alphabet is B.

Explanation

The series follows the mathematical pattern xₙ₊₁ = 2xₙ + n, where n represents the step number starting from 1. Each term is generated by multiplying the preceding term by 2 and then adding a sequence of natural numbers.

Starting with the first term 3, the calculation for the second term is 3 × 2 + 1 = 7. The third term is calculated as 7 × 2 + 2 = 16. The fourth term is calculated as 16 × 2 + 3 = 35. To find the missing fifth term, the same logic is applied by adding 4 to the product: 35 × 2 + 4 = 74.

Explanation

Let the present ages of L and N be 7x and 5x respectively. According to the problem, N's age after seven years will be 32 years. This can be expressed as:

5x + 7 = 32 5x = 25 x = 5

The common ratio factor is 5. Therefore, the present age of L is:

7x = 7 × 5 = 35 years

Explanation

The phrase only child of my grandmother refers to Chetan's parent, either his father or his mother, because a grandmother's only child must be the individual through whom the grandchild is related. Since the girl is described as the daughter of this only child, she is the daughter of Chetan's parent. This makes the girl Chetan's sister. Consequently, Chetan is the brother of that girl.

Explanation

The word Waller requires two occurrences of the letter L to be formed. Upon examining the source word Nightwalker, it is evident that the letter L appears only once. Because the required frequency of the letter L in the word Waller exceeds the number of times it appears in the given word, it is impossible to construct Waller using the available letters.

Explanation

The given sequence follows a geometric progression where each term is multiplied by a constant common ratio to obtain the next term. By dividing the second term by the first term, we find the common ratio r = (-0.1)/(0.05) = -2.

Applying this ratio to the second term to find the missing third term, we calculate -0.1 × -2 = 0.2. The validity of this pattern is confirmed by checking the subsequent terms, where 0.2 × -2 = -0.4 and -0.4 × -2 = 0.8, satisfying the entire series.

Explanation

The coding follows a two-step transformation involving an alphabetical shift followed by positional swaps. In the first step, each letter of the word is replaced by the letter that appears 4 places before it in the alphabet. If the calculation results in a value less than 1, it wraps around from the end of the alphabet (A → W, B → X, C → Y, D → Z).

For SPICEY, the shift results in S(19)-4=15(O), P(16)-4=12(L), I(9)-4=5(E), C(3)-4=25(Y), E(5)-4=1(A), and Y(25)-4=21(U), giving the intermediate sequence OLEYAU. In the second step, the letters at positions 1 and 3 are swapped (O ↔ E), and the letters at positions 4 and 6 are swapped (Y ↔ U), while positions 2 and 5 remain fixed. This produces the final code ELOUAY.

Applying the same logic to HOUSED: First, shift each letter by -4: H(8)-4=4(D), O(15)-4=11(K), U(21)-4=17(Q), S(19)-4=15(O), E(5)-4=1(A), and D(4)-4=26(Z). The intermediate sequence is DKQOAZ.

Second, perform the positional swaps: swap position 1 with 3 (D ↔ Q) and position 4 with 6 (O ↔ Z). Keeping the letters at positions 2 and 5 fixed results in the sequence QKDZAO.

Explanation

Based on the operation mappings provided, the symbols in the expression 14 × 12 - 16 ÷ 18 are substituted as follows: × becomes +, - becomes ×, and ÷ is treated as - to satisfy the logical requirements of the given options.

Substituting these into the expression: 14 + 12 × 16 - 18

Applying the BODMAS rule, multiplication is carried out first: 12 × 16 = 192

Next, the addition and subtraction are performed in sequence: 14 + 192 - 18 206 - 18 = 188

The final value of the expression is 188.

Explanation

The numerical logic used in the given equations is based on calculating the actual product of the two numbers and then subtracting 10 from the result.

For the first equation: 18 × 12 = 216 216 - 10 = 206

For the second equation: 19 × 22 = 418 418 - 10 = 408

Applying the same logic to the required calculation: 23 × 36 = 828 828 - 10 = 818

Explanation

The logic followed in this matrix is applied column-wise. For each column, the fourth number is the sum of the product of the first and third numbers and the square of the second number. The formula is:

Row 4 = (Row 1 × Row 3) + (Row 2)²

Applying this formula to each column:

Column 1: (2 × 7) + 5² = 14 + 25 = 39 Column 2: (4 × 2) + 3² = 8 + 9 = 17 Column 3: (1 × 6) + 5² = 6 + 25 = 31

Following this pattern, the value that replaces the question mark is 31.

Explanation

Conclusion I is logically valid because Statement I establishes that a portion of cups are plates, and Statement III asserts that no plates are spoons. Since that specific subset of cups are plates, they cannot be spoons, which confirms that some cups are not spoons. Conclusion IV is logically valid because Statement II states that all spoons are blue and Statement III specifies that no spoons are plates. This means the entire group of spoons is contained within the blue category, and since none of those spoons can be plates, there must be a part of the blue category (the spoons) that is not plates.

Explanation

To find the day of the week for Aradhya's birthday, we calculate the total number of days between 27th April and 20th October in the same year.

The number of days remaining in April is 30 - 27 = 3. Adding the days for the subsequent months gives: May: 31 June: 30 July: 31 August: 31 September: 30 October: 20 (up to Aradhya's birthday)

Total days = 3 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 31 + 30 + 20 = 176 days.

To find the number of odd days, we divide the total days by 7: 176 ÷ 7 = 25 weeks and a remainder of 1 day.

Since 27th April is a Thursday, we add the 1 odd day to Thursday. Thursday + 1 day results in Friday.

Explanation

The total weight of the four boxes is 80 + 60 + 90 + 70 = 300 kg. To achieve a total weight of 290 kg, a subset of boxes would need to be excluded from the total sum such that the excluded weights equal 300 - 290 = 10 kg. As the minimum weight of a single box is 60 kg, no combination of boxes can sum to 10 kg. Additionally, the maximum weight possible using a combination of any three boxes is 90 + 80 + 70 = 240 kg. Since 290 kg is greater than this maximum triplet sum but less than the total sum of all four boxes, it is mathematically impossible to form this weight using any combination of the given boxes.

Explanation

The word STONE cannot be formed from the letters of the word SANCTION because the letter E is not present in SANCTION. While the original word contains the letters S, A, N, C, T, I, and O, the letter E required to spell STONE is completely missing from the available set of characters.

Explanation

The coding logic follows a pattern where each letter of the word is shifted backwards by 3 positions in the alphabetical sequence. For the word CHANTED, the transformations are C(3) - 3 = Z(26), H(8) - 3 = E(5), A(1) - 3 = X(24), N(14) - 3 = K(11), T(20) - 3 = Q(17), E(5) - 3 = B(2), and D(4) - 3 = A(1). Applying this constant subtraction of 3 to the word MAY, we calculate M(13) - 3 = J(10), A(1) - 3 = X(24), and Y(25) - 3 = V(22), resulting in the code JXV.

Explanation

The given mathematical expression 12 × 6 ÷ 5 + 4 is solved by substituting the operators according to the coding logic where × represents ÷, ÷ represents -, and + represents ×.

Substituting the values into the equation: 12 ÷ 6 - 5 × 4

Following the BODMAS rule, division is performed first: 12 ÷ 6 = 2 The expression becomes 2 - 5 × 4.

Next, multiplication is performed: 5 × 4 = 20 The expression becomes 2 - 20.

Finally, performing the subtraction: 2 - 20 = -18

Explanation

The logic follows a pattern where the sum of the digits of the second number is subtracted from the sum of the digits of the first number.

For the first expression 7526 = 4: (7 + 5) - (2 + 6) = 12 - 8 = 4

For the second expression 6953 = 7: (6 + 9) - (5 + 3) = 15 - 8 = 7

Applying the same logic to 8246: (8 + 2) - (4 + 6) = 10 - 10 = 0$

Explanation

The woman's movement can be tracked using a coordinate system starting at (0, 0). Her first walk of 150 m East brings her to (150, 0). She then turns North and walks 180 m, moving her to (150, 180). Turning West and walking 70 m changes her x-coordinate to 150 - 70 = 80, resulting in the position (80, 180). Finally, turning to her left while facing West means she turns South. Walking 180 m South changes her y-coordinate to 180 - 180 = 0. Her final position is (80, 0), which is exactly 80 m East of her starting point (0, 0).

Explanation

The statements can be analyzed using set theory. Let W represent the set of wild animals, C represent the set of carnivores, and L represent the set of lions. Statement 1 indicates that W ∩ C ≠ ∅, meaning there is at least one element that is both wild and a carnivore. Statement 2 indicates that W ⊆ L, meaning every element in the set of wild animals is also in the set of lions.

By combining these, since every member of W is a member of L, the elements that are in the intersection of W and C must also be members of L. Therefore, these elements belong to both L and C, which implies L ∩ C ≠ ∅. This confirms that some lions are carnivores, making Conclusion II logically certain. There is no information to suggest that the entirety of set C is contained within set L, so only the existence of the intersection is guaranteed.

Explanation

The relationship in the first pair is based on a specific gendered family member and its corresponding gender-neutral collective category. A father is defined as a male parent. Following this logic, the second pair must consist of a sister and the collective term that describes her relationship to her family. A sister is a female sibling. The term sibling refers to each of two or more children or offspring having one or both parents in common, regardless of gender. Therefore, sibling is the appropriate category that relates to sister in the same way parent relates to father.

Explanation

The pattern used in this analogy is based on opposite letters in the alphabet, where the sum of the numerical positions of two corresponding letters equals 27. In the first group WTQ, W is the 23rd letter, T is the 20th letter, and Q is the 17th letter. Their opposites in DGJ are D (the 4th letter), G (the 7th letter), and J (the 10th letter), as 23 + 4 = 27, 20 + 7 = 27, and 17 + 10 = 27. Applying this logic to NKH, N is the 14th letter, so its partner is the 13th letter M (27 - 14 = 13). K is the 11th letter, so its partner is the 16th letter P (27 - 11 = 16). H is the 8th letter, so its partner is the 19th letter S (27 - 8 = 19). Combining these results gives the sequence MPS.

Explanation

A is the first boy (position 1), and since there are 6 boys between A and B, B is at position 8. To find the minimum total, C should be placed between A and B; with 3 boys between B (8) and C, C must be at position 4. If there are 12 boys after C, the total number of boys in the row is 4 + 12 = 16.

Explanation

The relationship between the terms is defined by the division of the first number by 4 to obtain the second number. Following the pattern x : ˣ⁄₄, the first pair is 60 : ⁶⁰⁄₄ = 15. Applying this same rule to the second part of the analogy, the missing number is found by calculating ¹⁰⁰⁄₄ = 25.

Explanation

Television is an electronic device used for receiving and displaying broadcast signals, making it a piece of consumer electronics. It requires electrical power and technology to function as a medium for entertainment and information. The other items listed are fundamentally different as they are types of furniture designed primarily for the physical purpose of sitting or resting.

Explanation

The letters in option b follow an increasing alphabetical sequence where each subsequent letter is two positions ahead of the previous one: N (14) → P (16) → R (18). This is the only cluster that moves forward through the alphabet. In all other alternatives, the letters are arranged in a decreasing or backward alphabetical order: X (24) → V (22) → I (9), L (12) → J (10) → H (8), and F (6) → D (4) → B (2).