SSC CGL Tier 1 2012 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The letters E, H, and L are located at the 5th, 8th, and 12th positions of the English alphabet. The difference between the first two letters is 3 (8 - 5 = 3), while the difference between the second and third letter is 4 (12 - 8 = 4). This sequence is the odd one out because it does not follow the uniform increment of 3 between consecutive letters that defines the pattern for the other groups.

Explanation

The pair 6-64 is the odd one out because it is the only pair where the second number is not exactly divisible by the first number. In the pattern established by the other alternatives, the second number is a multiple of the first. Specifically, 35 ÷ 5 = 7, 44 ÷ 4 = 11, and 30 ÷ 3 = 10 all result in integers. However, 64 ÷ 6 results in 10 with a remainder of 4, or approximately 10.67. Since 64 is not a multiple of 6, the pair does not follow the divisibility rule shared by the rest of the set.

Explanation

A SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card is an integrated circuit used in mobile telephony to securely store the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) number and related keys used to identify and authenticate subscribers on mobile devices. It is the odd one out because it is a telecommunications-specific component designed for cellular network access, while the other alternatives are standard computer hardware peripherals or storage media used for data processing and connectivity in a general computing environment.

Explanation

Dictionary order is determined by comparing words letter by letter from left to right. All options begin with the letter R. Comparing the second letters, e (found in Revolve and Reward) appears in the alphabet before h (found in Rhapsody and Rheumatism). This means the words starting with Rh will follow those starting with Re. Between Rhapsody and Rheumatism, we compare the third letters, which are a and e respectively. Since e comes after a in the alphabet, Rheumatism is positioned after Rhapsody. Consequently, Rheumatism is the word that appears last among the given options.

Explanation

To determine the dictionary order of the given words, we compare them letter by letter from left to right. All four words share the same first three letters, which are h, e, and a. We must then examine the fourth letter of each word to find their sequence. In the word health, the fourth letter is l; in heart strings, it is r; in heathen, it is t; and in heavy, it is v. Sorting these letters alphabetically, l comes first, followed by r, then t, and finally v. Since v is the last letter in this alphabetical sequence, heavy is the word that appears last in the dictionary.

Explanation

In dictionary arrangement, words are sorted based on the sequence of letters in the alphabet. Comparing the words letter by letter, all four begin with Pr. At the third letter, Prize contains i, while the others contain o. Since i comes before o, Prize is the first in this set. For the remaining words, the fourth letter is m in Prompt and s in both Prosecute and Prostrate. Because m precedes s, Prompt appears next. Finally, comparing Prosecute and Prostrate at the fifth letter, e precedes t. This positioning places Prostrate as the final word in the alphabetical sequence.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where the difference between consecutive terms increases by 2 in each step. The difference between the first and second terms is 6 - 2 = 4, the second and third is 12 - 6 = 6, the third and fourth is 20 - 12 = 8, and the fourth and fifth is 30 - 20 = 10. In this progression of differences 4, 6, 8, 10, …, the next increment is 12. Adding this value to the fifth term yields 30 + 12 = 42. This calculation is consistent with the final term of the series, as 42 + 14 = 56.

Alternatively, the series can be defined by the general term Tₙ = n(n+1), where n represents the position of the term. For n = 1, 1 × 2 = 2; for n = 2, 2 × 3 = 6; for n = 3, 3 × 4 = 12; for n = 4, 4 × 5 = 20; and for n = 5, 5 × 6 = 30. Following this logic for the missing sixth term where n = 6, the result is 6 × 7 = 42.

Explanation

The series follows two alternating alphabetical sub-sequences. The terms at the first, third, and fifth positions follow the alphabetical order J-K-L, M-N-O, and P-Q-R. The terms at the second, fourth, and sixth positions follow the alphabetical order A-B-C, D-E-F, and G-H-I. Every three-letter group in the entire series follows a consistent casing pattern: the first letter is uppercase, the second letter is lowercase, and the third letter is uppercase. Applying this pattern to the sixth group, which starts with the seventh letter G (uppercase) and the eighth letter h (lowercase), the missing term is the ninth letter of the alphabet, I (uppercase).

Explanation

The given sequence follows a pattern where the difference between consecutive terms increases by a constant value of 3. By calculating the differences between the terms, we observe a clear arithmetic progression:

4 - 1 = 3 10 - 4 = 6 19 - 10 = 9 31 - 19 = 12

The differences are 3, 6, 9, and 12, which are consecutive multiples of 3. To find the next term in the series, the next multiple of 3 must be added to the current last term. The next multiple after 12 is 15. Adding this to the last term gives:

31 + 15 = 46

Explanation

The series follows a pattern of decreasing alphabetical positions by an increasing interval. Assigning numerical values to the letters based on their positions in the English alphabet (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26), we get the following sequence: R = 18, Q = 17, O = 15, L = 12, and H = 8.

The differences between consecutive terms are as follows: 18 - 1 = 17 (Q) 17 - 2 = 15 (O) 15 - 3 = 12 (L) 12 - 4 = 8 (H)

The pattern shows that the amount subtracted increases by 1 for each subsequent step (-1, -2, -3, -4). Therefore, to find the next term, we subtract 5 from the position of H: 8 - 5 = 3

The letter at the 3rd position in the alphabet is C.

Explanation

The series is constructed by alternating pairs of letters that are in reverse alphabetical order. The sequence is formed by two interleaved sub-series of pairs. The first sub-series consists of the pairs (YX), (WV), (UT), and (SR), which start from the 25th letter and move backwards by two for each new pair. The second sub-series consists of the pairs (HG), (FE), (DC), and (B?), which start from the 8th letter and move backwards in the same fashion. Mapping these letters to their numerical positions in the alphabet, the second sub-series follows the pattern (8, 7), (6, 5), (4, 3), and finally (2, 1). The 1st letter of the alphabet is A.

Explanation

The given series follows the mathematical pattern n³ - n, where n represents the position of the term starting from 1.

For the first term: 1³ - 1 = 1 - 1 = 0 For the second term: 2³ - 2 = 8 - 2 = 6 For the third term: 3³ - 3 = 27 - 3 = 24 For the fourth term: 4³ - 4 = 64 - 4 = 60 For the fifth term: 5³ - 5 = 125 - 5 = 120 For the sixth term: 6³ - 6 = 216 - 6 = 210

Following this logic, the seventh term is calculated by substituting n = 7 into the formula. This results in 7³ - 7 = 343 - 7 = 336. This pattern can also be expressed as the product of three consecutive integers (n-1) × n × (n+1), which for the seventh term is 6 × 7 × 8 = 336.

Explanation

The total number of family members is determined by summing the individuals across three generations. The first generation consists of the husband and the wife, which equals 2 members. The second generation consists of five married sons; since each son is married, there are 5 sons and 5 wives, contributing 10 members to the family. The third generation consists of the children born to these five sons; with each of the five sons having four children, there are 5 × 4 = 20 grandchildren. By adding these groups together, the total number of members is 2 + 10 + 20 = 32.

Explanation

The coding logic involves reversing the entire sequence of letters in the given word. In the example DEMOCRACY, the letters are rearranged from right to left to form YCARCOMED. By following this same pattern for the word PRESIDENT, the letters are written in reverse order starting from the last character T and ending with the first character P, which yields TNEDISERP.

Explanation

The word Distribution contains the letters D, I, S, T, R, I, B, U, T, I, O, and N. On examining the word Tribute, it is observed that it requires the letter E. Since the letter E is not present in the word Distribution, the word Tribute cannot be formed using the letters available in the given word.

Explanation

The coding logic involves shifting each letter of the original word one position forward in the alphabetical sequence (+1 pattern). In the word MOTHER, M becomes N, O becomes P, T becomes U, H becomes I, E becomes F, and R becomes S.

Applying the same logic to ZENITH: Z shifts to A (wrapping around the alphabet) E shifts to F N shifts to O I shifts to J T shifts to U H shifts to I

Following this sequence, the word ZENITH is coded as AFOJUI.

Explanation

The coding scheme follows a periodic pattern where the position of each letter in the English alphabet is shifted by +1 and -2 alternately. In the transformation of AEIOU to BCJMV, the first letter A moves forward by one position to become B (A + 1 = B). The second letter E moves backward by two positions to become C (E - 2 = C). The third letter I moves forward by one to become J (I + 1 = J). The fourth letter O moves backward by two to become M (O - 2 = M). Finally, the fifth letter U moves forward by one to become V (U + 1 = V).

Following this +1, -2, +1, -2, +1 logic for the word XCKYB, we determine the corresponding letters. The first letter X shifts forward by one to become X + 1 = Y. The second letter C shifts backward by two to become C - 2 = A. The third letter K shifts forward by one to become K + 1 = L. The fourth letter Y shifts backward by two to become Y - 2 = W. The fifth letter B shifts forward by one to become B + 1 = C. Sequencing these derived letters results in the coded word YALWC.

Explanation

The arrangement of the five persons in the queue can be determined by the relative positions provided. Since U is immediately behind S, the sequence starts as S, U. Given that no one is standing between R and U, and U is already behind S, R must be positioned immediately behind U, extending the sequence to S, U, R. Finally, as T is standing between R and V, the complete sequence from the front of the queue to the back is S, U, R, T, V. In this linear order, S is the first person in the queue.

Explanation

This is a logical reasoning question that relies on the literal interpretation of the phrasing. In any given year, every month consists of at least 28 days. While February 2003 has exactly 28 days, the months that have 30 or 31 days also necessarily contain a period of 28 days. Therefore, all 12 months of the year 2003 satisfy the condition of having 28 days.

Explanation

To determine the middle age among the five players, we arrange them in descending order based on the provided conditions. From the statements, Vani is older than Sita and Sita is older than Rani, which establishes the sequence Vani > Sita > Rani. Additionally, Rani is older than Mary, and Mary is older than Nita, which gives the sequence Rani > Mary > Nita. Combining these two sequences results in the final order of Vani > Sita > Rani > Mary > Nita. In this arrangement of five individuals, Rani is the third person, meaning her age is in the middle.

Explanation

The coding pattern involves dividing the six-letter word into two equal halves of three letters each and then reversing the order of letters within each half. In the word SURFER, the first half SUR is reversed to RUS and the second half FER is reversed to REF, forming the code RUSREF. Applying the same logic to the word KNIGHT, the first three letters KNI are reversed to INK and the last three letters GHT are reversed to THG, resulting in the code INKTHG.

Explanation

The logic followed in these equations is a positional rearrangement of the digits rather than actual multiplication. If the operation is represented as a × b × c, the resulting number is formed by placing the second digit first, the first digit second, and the third digit last, creating the sequence bac.

In the first example, 4 × 6 × 9 uses a=4, b=6, c=9 to form 649. In the second example, 9 × 8 × 4 uses a=9, b=8, c=4 to form 894. Following this consistent pattern for 3 × 7 × 2, where a=3, b=7, c=2, the digits are rearranged into the bac order to produce 732.

Explanation

In military drill commands, each turn represents a 90° rotation. The sequence of commands provided is one Right Turn followed by three Left Turns. Since one Right Turn and one Left Turn cancel each other out, the net movement is equivalent to two Left Turns. Two 90° turns in the same direction result in a 180° change in orientation, meaning the squads will face the direction diametrically opposite to their starting position.

Squad A initially faces North. A 180° turn results in Squad A facing South. Squad B initially faces South. A 180° turn results in Squad B facing North. Consequently, at the end of the commands, Squad A faces South and Squad B faces North.

Explanation

The square-shaped hostel has 4 sides with 8 rooms per side on each floor. Starting with Room 101 on the North-facing side, the rooms are numbered in a clockwise direction. In a standard compass layout, a clockwise progression from North follows the order: North → East → South → West. By dividing the rooms into blocks of 8 for each side, the first side (North) contains rooms 101 to 108, the second side (East) contains rooms 109 to 116, and the third side (South) contains rooms 117 to 124. Room 125 is the first room of the fourth block, which corresponds to the West-facing side of the square.

Explanation

According to the given operator mappings, the symbols are replaced as follows: - becomes ×, × becomes +, and ÷ becomes -.

Substituting these symbols into the expression on the left-hand side of option b: 10 × 5 + 6 - 2

Applying the BODMAS rule, multiplication is carried out first: 50 + 6 - 2

Next, addition and subtraction are performed: 56 - 2 = 54

The result of the calculation is 54, which matches the value on the right-hand side of the equation.

Explanation

Based on the rules of syllogism, let S represent scholars, E represent eccentric people, and W represent women. The first statement establishes that S ⊆ E (All scholars are eccentric). The second statement establishes that W ∩ E = ∅ (No woman is eccentric).

By combining these two premises, if every scholar is a part of the eccentric group, and the group of women has no overlap with the eccentric group, then it logically follows that the group of women can have no overlap with the group of scholars. Mathematically, if S ⊆ E and W ∩ E = ∅, then W ∩ S = ∅ must be true. This validates Conclusion I. Conclusion II cannot be logically derived because the term men is not mentioned in the premises; we cannot assume that anyone who is not a woman is a man within the context of formal logic unless it is explicitly stated.

Explanation

The first statement establishes that the entire set of students is contained within the set of girls. This implies that within the context of the class, there are no individuals who identify as boys, making Conclusion I a logical derivation.

The second statement specifies that the set of girls and the set of dull individuals are mutually exclusive. Since all students are subsets of the set of girls, they must also be excluded from the set of dull individuals. This follows the syllogistic form where if all A are B and no B are C, then no A are C. Thus, Conclusion II is also logically valid.

Explanation

The relationship in the given analogy is based on a physical quantity and its standard SI unit of measurement. Just as the Metre is the international standard unit for measuring Length, the Watt is the standard SI unit for measuring Power. Power represents the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred, defined as one Joule per second (1 W = 1 J/s).

Explanation

The relationship in the analogy is based on the transition from a two-dimensional plane figure to its three-dimensional solid counterpart. A square is a 2D shape, and its 3D equivalent is a cube. Similarly, a circle is a 2D shape defined by points equidistant from a center in a single plane. Its 3D equivalent is a sphere, which consists of all points in space equidistant from a central point.

Explanation

The relationship established in the first pair is between a finished product and its primary raw material. Paper is manufactured from wood pulp, which is obtained from trees. Following this same logic for the second pair, glass is produced by melting silica, which is the main component of sand. Since sand is the fundamental raw material used in the production of glass, it correctly completes the analogy.

Explanation

The analogy is based on the reverse position of letters in the English alphabet, where the sum of the positions of corresponding letters equals 27. In the sequence ACFJ, the positions from the start of the alphabet are 1, 3, 6, and 10. Their corresponding letters in ZXUQ have positions 26, 24, 21, and 17, satisfying the relationships 1 + 26 = 27, 3 + 24 = 27, 6 + 21 = 27, and 10 + 17 = 27.

Applying the same rule to EGIN, the positions are E = 5, G = 7, I = 9, and N = 14. The corresponding letters are calculated as 27 - 5 = 22 (V), 27 - 7 = 20 (T), 27 - 9 = 18 (R), and 27 - 14 = 13 (M).

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of letter groups is established by shifting each letter forward by three positions in the alphabetical sequence. For the first group AC EG, the numerical positions are A=1, C=3, E=5, G=7. Adding 3 to each value gives 1+3=4 (D), 3+3=6 (F), 5+3=8 (H), and 7+3=10 (J), resulting in the second group DFHJ.

Applying this same logic to the third group QSUW, where the numerical positions are Q=17, S=19, U=21, W=23, we add 3 to each position: 17 + 3 = 20 (T) 19 + 3 = 22 (V) 21 + 3 = 24 (X) 23 + 3 = 26 (Z)

This calculation yields the sequence TVXZ.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of letter groups is established by adding an increasing sequence of natural numbers to the positional value of each letter. For the first group EGIK, the transformation to FILO follows this pattern: the first letter E moves one step forward to F (E + 1), the second letter G moves two steps forward to I (G + 2), the third letter I moves three steps forward to L (I + 3), and the fourth letter K moves four steps forward to O (K + 4).

Applying this identical logic to the second group FHJL, the first letter F shifts one position to G, the second letter H shifts two positions to J, the third letter J shifts three positions to M, and the fourth letter L shifts four positions to P. This sequence of transformations results in the letter group GJMP.

Explanation

The relationship in the given analogy follows the mathematical pattern where the first number is multiplied by 9 and then 1 is added to the product to obtain the second number.

For the first pair 10 : 91: 10 × 9 + 1 = 90 + 1 = 91

Following the same logic for the second pair 9 : ?: 9 × 9 + 1 = 81 + 1 = 82

Explanation

The numerical analogy follows the logic x : x(x + 1) or x : x² + x. In the first pair, the number 7 is related to 56 through the operation 7 × (7 + 1) = 7 × 8 = 56. Applying the same mathematical relationship to the second pair, the missing number is determined by multiplying 9 by its consecutive integer 10, which results in 9 × 10 = 90. Alternatively, using the square-based formula, the value is calculated as 9² + 9 = 81 + 9 = 90.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in the first pair follows the logic x : 2.5x. For the first number 20, the corresponding number is calculated as 20 × 2.5 = 50. Applying the same ratio to the second pair, where the third number is 100, the missing number is determined by the calculation 100 × 2.5 = 250. This pattern can also be expressed as x : (x × 2) + ˣ⁄₂, which results in 100 × 2 + 50 = 250.

Explanation

Geology is the scientific study of the Earth, its physical structure, composition, and the processes that act upon it. Unlike the other fields, which are specialized branches of medical science focused on human anatomy, diseases, and clinical diagnostics, Geology is an Earth science that deals with non-living matter and planetary processes.

Explanation

A pond is a body of stagnant or still water, whereas a rivulet, a stream, and a river are all characterized by flowing or running water. In ecological terms, a pond belongs to a lentic ecosystem where the water is relatively still, while the others are part of lotic ecosystems where the water moves in a definite direction.

Explanation

Ellora is a world-renowned archaeological site characterized by its rock-cut architecture, where temples and monasteries were carved directly into the basaltic cliffs of the Charanandri hills. The complex consists of 34 caves representing three different religions: Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism. These structures are monolithic in nature, having been excavated from the top down or into the side of the mountain, which is a specific style of construction that relies on the removal of stone from a natural rock face to create internal spaces and ornate facades.

Explanation

The letters in the sets QOM, IKG, and IKM all correspond to odd-numbered positions in the English alphabet. Specifically, the positions are Q=17, O=15, M=13; I=9, K=11, G=7; and I=9, K=11, M=13. In these three cases, the letters are separated by a constant numerical difference of 2. In contrast, the set RTW contains letters at positions R=18, T=20, and W=23. Here, R and T are even-numbered positions, and the numerical difference between T and W is 3, which breaks the pattern observed in the other alternatives.

Explanation

The letter group OPQ consists of three letters in immediate alphabetical succession, corresponding to numerical positions 15, 16, and 17. The progression involves a uniform increment of +1 between the first and second letters (16 - 15 = 1) and between the second and third letters (17 - 16 = 1). This strictly consecutive arrangement identifies it as the odd one out, as it lacks the +2 gap between the second and third letters that characterizes the other sequences in the set.

Explanation

The pair HK is the odd one out because it includes a letter occupying an odd-numbered position in the English alphabet (K is the 11th letter), whereas all letters in the other pairs are located at even-numbered positions (4, 6, 8, 10, 16, and 18). Furthermore, the sum of the alphabetical positions for HK (8 + 11 = 19) is an odd number, while the sums for all other pairs are even numbers.

Explanation

The number 49 is a perfect square, as it is the product of 7 × 7 or 7². In numerical reasoning, identifying the odd one out involves finding a unique characteristic or identifying a rule that one element fails to follow. The other values in this set are all based on the formula x = n² - 1, where n is an integer. This means those numbers are exactly one unit less than a square. Since 49 is a complete square itself and does not adhere to the n² - 1 pattern, it is the odd choice. Recognizing these properties requires evaluating common mathematical sequences like squares, cubes, and their immediate neighbors.

Explanation

The numbers 121, 324, and 729 are all perfect squares of integers. Specifically, 11² = 121, 18² = 324, and 27² = 729. In contrast, 523 is not a perfect square; it is a prime number. Thus, 523 is the odd number in the set as it does not follow the property of being a square of a natural number.

Explanation

The pair 310 and 5 is the odd one because the first number is the product of the second number and 62, as 5 × 62 = 310. This relationship deviates from the common pattern where the first number is exactly 64 times the second number. Dividing 310 by 5 yields a quotient of 62, whereas the mathematical logic established for the grouping requires a quotient of 64.

Explanation

To arrange words in dictionary order, we compare the letters from left to right. All words begin with the letter P. Looking at the second letters, we have e in Perk, i in Pick, Pith, and Pile, and o in Pour. In the alphabet, e comes before i, and i comes before o. Therefore, Perk (4) is first and Pour (5) is last.

Next, we compare the words starting with Pi: Pick, Pith, and Pile. Looking at their third letters, we find c in Pick, t in Pith, and l in Pile. The alphabetical order for these third letters is c, followed by l, and then t. Consequently, the sequence for these three words is Pick (1), followed by Pile (3), and then Pith (2). Combining these observations, the final ascending order is Perk (4), Pick (1), Pile (3), Pith (2), and Pour (5).

Explanation

The ascending order is determined by the specific number of years each term represents. Silver Jubilee signifies a 25th anniversary. Golden Jubilee marks a 50th anniversary. Diamond Jubilee is typically celebrated on a 60th anniversary. Centenary refers to a 100-year period or anniversary. Millennium represents a span of 1000 years. By arranging these terms from the shortest duration to the longest, the sequence follows 25 years (3), 50 years (5), 60 years (2), 100 years (4), and 1000 years (1). This yields the numerical order 3, 5, 2, 4, 1.

Explanation

Descending order involves arranging the terms from the longest time interval to the shortest time interval. An annual event occurs once every 12 months. A biannual event occurs twice a year, which effectively means once every 6 months. A monthly event occurs once every month, roughly every 30 days. A fortnightly event occurs every 14 days or two weeks. A weekly event occurs every 7 days. By comparing these durations, 12 months (5) is the longest duration, followed by 6 months (2), 1 month (4), 14 days (3), and finally 7 days (1). This establishes the logical sequence as 5, 2, 4, 3, 1.

Explanation

The series consists of 18 characters which can be divided into six groups of three letters each. The pattern follows a cyclic rotation of the letters a, b, and c in the sequence abc, bca, and cab.

Placing the letters from the set babcc into the gaps sequentially: a(b)c / bc(a) / ca(b) / ab(c) / bca / (c)ab

Breaking this down into triplets: abc bca cab abc bca cab

The sequence completes a repeating cycle of the three permutations of a, b, and c. Thus, the set babcc correctly completes the series.

Explanation

The series follows a specific addition pattern within each group and between consecutive groups. Within each group of four letters, the pattern of positions in the alphabet is +1, +3, and +1. For BCFG, the positions are 2, 3, 6, 7. For JKNO, they are 10, 11, 14, 15. For RSVW, they are 18, 19, 22, 23.

The transition from the last letter of one group to the first letter of the next group follows a +3 pattern. Specifically, G(7) + 3 = J(10) and O(15) + 3 = R(18). Applying this to the last known group, the first letter of the missing term is W(23) + 3 = Z(26). Applying the internal +1, +3, +1 pattern starting from Z, we get Z(26) + 1 = A(1), A(1) + 3 = D(4), and D(4) + 1 = E(5). This results in the term ZADE.