IBPS PO Prelims 2022 Reasoning Ability Questions with Solutions

Explanation

From the given conditions, P sits at the extreme left end with T as its only neighbour at position 2. Four persons sit between P and H, placing H at position 6, and A sits second to the right of H at position 8. Since I sits fourth to the left of K, they must occupy positions 3 and 7 respectively. C sits to the left of H at position 5, leaving Y at position 4. Thus, the linear arrangement from left to right is P, T, I, Y, C, H, K, A. Position 4, which is occupied by Y, sits immediately to the left of C.

Explanation

The linear row arrangement from left to right is P, T, I, Y, C, H, K, A. Position 3 is occupied by I and position 4 is occupied by Y. Since all persons are facing North, moving from position 3 to position 4 is a movement to the right. Therefore, Y sits immediately to the right of I.

Explanation

In the linear arrangement P, T, I, Y, C, H, K, A, T is located at position 2 and A is located at position 8. The exact middle position between position 2 and position 8 is (2 + 8) / 2 = 5. The person sitting at position 5 is C.

Explanation

In the linear seating arrangement P, T, I, Y, C, H, K, A, Y sits at position 4. The person sitting immediately to the left of Y is I (position 3) and the person sitting immediately to the right of Y is C (position 5). Therefore, both I and C are immediate neighbours of Y.

Explanation

Assigning alphabetical positions to each letter of EXTRAORDINARY (E=5, X=24, T=20, R=18, A=1, O=15, R=18, D=4, I=9, N=14, A=1, R=18, Y=25): E (1st letter) and A (5th letter): distance = 4, alphabetical difference = 5 - 1 = 4. E (1st letter) and N (10th letter): distance = 9, alphabetical difference = 14 - 5 = 9. A (5th letter) and D (8th letter): distance = 3, alphabetical difference = 4 - 1 = 3. D (8th letter) and A (11th letter): distance = 3, alphabetical difference = 4 - 1 = 3. There are 4 such pairs in total.

Explanation

The given numbers are 593, 723, 437, 562, and 628. Arranging them in ascending order yields: 437, 562, 593, 628, 723. In a series of five elements, the middle element is the third number, which is 593.

Explanation

Rearranging the digits within each number in descending order gives: 593 → 953 723 → 732 437 → 743 562 → 652 628 → 862 Comparing the resulting numbers (953, 732, 743, 652, 862), the lowest number is 652, which corresponds to the original number 562.

Explanation

Applying the operation (1st digit + 2nd digit) - 3rd digit to each given number: 593: (5 + 9) - 3 = 11 723: (7 + 2) - 3 = 6 437: (4 + 3) - 7 = 0 562: (5 + 6) - 2 = 9 628: (6 + 2) - 8 = 0 Only 11 is greater than 10, so exactly one number satisfies the condition.

Explanation

Ordering the numbers by value: 723 (highest) and 628 (second highest). The third digit of the second highest number (628) is 8. The second digit of the highest number (723) is 2. Dividing the third digit of the second highest number by the second digit of the highest number gives 8 ÷ 2 = 4.

Explanation

Calculating ages with base year 2020: 1971 (49), 1985 (35), 1987 (33), 1990 (30), 1995 (25), 1999 (21), 2007 (13). The age difference of 2 years only occurs between 35 and 33, so {D, F} = {1985, 1987}. Three persons were born between D and G, and G is not the youngest (2007), forcing D to be born in 1985 and G in 1999, which leaves F born in 1987. A was born just before B in consecutive available years, which places A in 1990 and B in 1995. C was born before E, placing C in 1971 and E in 2007. Thus, A was born in 1990.

Explanation

Calculating ages in 2020 gives 1971 (49), 1985 (35), 1987 (33), 1990 (30), 1995 (25), 1999 (21), and 2007 (13). D and F have an age difference of 2 years, placing D in 1985 (35 years) and F in 1987 (33 years). Three persons are born between D and G, placing G in 1999. A is born just before B, which places A in 1990 and B in 1995. C was born before E, placing C in 1971 and E in 2007.

Explanation

B was born in the year 1995. Calculating B's age in 2025 gives 2025 - 1995 = 30 years.

Explanation

D was born in 1985 and E was born in 2007. The age difference between two individuals remains constant across all years and is calculated as 2007 - 1985 = 22 years.

Explanation

With 2020 as the base year, G (born 1999) is 21 years old and D (born 1985) is 35 years old. The sum of their ages in 2020 is 21 + 35 = 56 years.

Explanation

P and Q are a married couple in generation 1 with two children, Y (son) and O (daughter). J is the daughter-in-law of Q and is married to Y. C is the daughter of O and the only granddaughter of P. Y and J are the parents of T, who must be male (grandson) since C is the only granddaughter. Therefore, T is the son of J.

Explanation

P and Q are the parents in generation 1. They have two children: a son Y, who is married to J, and a daughter O, who is the mother of C.

Explanation

The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 7th letters of the word PREVIOUS are P, R, E, and U respectively. Using all four letters exactly once, the only meaningful English word formed is PURE.

Explanation

In the final seating arrangement, Row 2 (facing South) consists of P, K, N, Q, M from position 1 to 5, and Row 1 (facing North) consists of R, O, S, J, L from position 1 to 5. The person standing directly opposite to K at position 2 is O.

Explanation

In Row 2, facing South, the arrangement from position 1 to position 5 is P, K, N, Q, M. For a person facing South, left corresponds to higher position numbers. Since N is at position 3, the persons to the left of N are Q and M, making a total of two persons.

Explanation

Row 2 consists of P, K, N, Q, M at positions 1 to 5, and Row 1 consists of R, O, S, J, L at positions 1 to 5. The pairs Q-J, N-S, K-O, and P-R each consist of two persons facing directly opposite each other in the same column position, whereas M and R stand at diagonally opposite positions across the two rows.

Explanation

The seating arrangement places Row 1 facing North with persons R, O, S, J, and L from positions 1 to 5 (west to east). Row 2 facing South contains P, K, N, Q, and M from positions 1 to 5 (west to east). Since both K and N stand in Row 2, the option indicating both (A) and (E) is the correct choice.

Explanation

Row 1 faces North and consists of persons R, O, S, J, and L at positions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively. Since facing North means right corresponds to moving toward higher position numbers, the person sitting immediately to the right of O at position 2 is S at position 3.

Explanation

Setting point C at the origin (0, 0), B is 12m north at (0, 12) and A is 8m west of B at (-8, 12). Point D is at (6, 0), and E being north of D and east of B is located at (6, 12). Since A and E share the same y-coordinate (12) and E has a larger x-coordinate than A, E is directly East of A.

Explanation

Assigning coordinates with C at (0, 0), point E is located at (6, 12). Point F is 8m east of E at (14, 12), and point G is 6m south of F at (14, 6). By the distance formula, EG = √[(14 - 6)² + (6 - 12)²] = √[8² + (-6)²] = √100 = 10m.

Explanation

With point C at (0, 0) and B at (0, 12), the midpoint K of segment BC has coordinates (0, 6). Point G is located at (14, 6). Since both K and G share the y-coordinate of 6, and K has an x-coordinate of 0 compared to 14 for G, point K lies directly West of point G.

Explanation

From the statements, no pen is pencil, no pencil is rubber, and all pens are markers. There is no negative relation specified between rubber and marker. Since rubber can overlap completely with marker without conflicting with the given conditions, all rubber can be marker is a valid possibility. Similarly, since marker and rubber can overlap, some marker can be rubber is also a valid possibility. Therefore, both conclusions I and II follow.

Explanation

The statement "Only mug is bowl" means that all bowls are mugs and bowls cannot overlap with any other entity. Consequently, no bowl can be glass, which makes conclusion I definitely true. For conclusion II, all bottles can potentially be inside mug while fulfilling all given statements, so "Some bottle is not mug" is not a necessary true condition. Thus, only conclusion I follows.

Explanation

All queens are kings, no king is a jack, and all jacks are aces. Since queen is entirely inside king and king has no overlap with jack, queen and jack cannot overlap. However, ace contains jack and may or may not overlap with king or queen. Therefore, no definite relation can be drawn between ace and queen. Since "No Ace is queen" and "Some queen are ace" form a complementary pair where one must be true if the other is false, either conclusion I or II follows.

Explanation

Calculating ages as of 2021: 1960: 61, 1971: 50, 1976: 45, 1985: 36, 1992: 29, 1996: 25, 2004: 17, 2006: 15.

D was born in an odd year (1971 or 1985). D was born in 1971, which means 1 person was born before D, so 1 person was born after A, making A born in 2004. The age of F is prime (61, 29, or 17). With 3 persons between F and H, H was born in 1960 (61 years) and F in 1992 (29 years). The age difference |H − D| = |61 − 50| = 11. W was born immediately before G in 1976 and 1985 respectively. The age difference |G − S| = |36 − 25| = 11, placing S in 1996. The remaining person Q was born in 2006.

Explanation

Calculating ages as of 2021: 1960: 61, 1971: 50, 1976: 45, 1985: 36, 1992: 29, 1996: 25, 2004: 17, 2006: 15.

D was born in 1971 (odd year), placing A in 2004. Three persons were born between H (1960, age 61) and F (1992, age 29). The age difference |H − D| = |61 − 50| = 11. W was born just before G in consecutive available positions 1976 and 1985. The age difference |G − S| = |36 − 25| = 11, placing S in 1996. Since W was born in 1976, W's age as of 2021 is 2021 − 1976 = 45 years.

Explanation

Calculating the ages as of 2021 gives 1960 (61), 1971 (50), 1976 (45), 1985 (36), 1992 (29), 1996 (25), 2004 (17), and 2006 (15). Since D was born in an odd year (1971) and one person was born before D, A must be born in 2004 as one person was born after A. The prime ages are 61, 29, and 17, so F was born in 1992 (age 29). Since three persons were born between F and H, H was born in 1960. With an age difference of 11 between H and D, G was born in 1985 and S in 1996, placing W in 1976 and Q in 2006. Thus, H is the oldest person born in 1960.

Explanation

Based on the birth year arrangement, G was born in 1985 with an age of 36 as of 2021, and Q was born in 2006 with an age of 15. Subtracting 15 from 36 yields an age difference of 21 years.

Explanation

The birth order from oldest to youngest is H (1960), D (1971), W (1976), G (1985), F (1992), S (1996), A (2004), and Q (2006). Between H (1960) and S (1996), four persons were born: D, W, G, and F.

Explanation

Comparing statement 1 and statement 3, the common words are Some and are, matching common codes ic and ol. Comparing statement 2 and statement 3, the common words are SDM and are, matching common codes rh and ol. Eliminating ic for Some, ol for are, and rh for SDM leaves xk as the unique code for officers.

Explanation

By comparing statements across the set, are is coded as ol, IPS is coded as sy, and officers is coded as xk. Therefore, the combination of codes representing IPS are officers is sy xk ol.

Explanation

In the statement All IAS are SDM with codes ol ab qw rh, comparing with other statements identifies ol as are, qw as IAS, and rh as SDM. The remaining word All corresponds directly to the remaining code ab.

Explanation

In the statement Some SDM will become DM with codes ea yu ic di rh, ic represents Some and rh represents SDM. The remaining three words will, become, and DM correspond to codes ea, yu, and di without any additional statements to differentiate between them, making it impossible to determine the specific code for become.

Explanation

With more than six boxes below V, V is placed at position 10. Since 0 boxes are above V, 0 boxes are below S, placing S at position 1. T is three places above S at position 4, and Z is at position 7 midway between V and T. With four boxes between D (position 8) and G (position 3), K and Q occupy positions 6 and 5 respectively. Positioning C at position 2 leaves position 9 for B. Therefore, only box V is placed above B.

Explanation

In the final stack arrangement from top to bottom (positions 10 to 1), the boxes are V, B, D, Z, K, Q, T, G, C, and S. With D at position 8 and C at position 2, the five boxes placed between them are Z, K, Q, T, and G.

Explanation

In the stack arrangement from top (position 10) to bottom (position 1), V is at 10, Z is at 7, K is at 6, G is at 3, T is at 4, S is at 1, Q is at 5, C is at 2, B is at 9, and D is at 8. In each pair except B-D, there are exactly two boxes separating the two given boxes (a position difference of 3). B and D are adjacent at positions 9 and 8 (a position difference of 1).

Explanation

Arranging the ten boxes from top to bottom at positions 10 to 1 according to the given clues gives the sequence V at 10, B at 9, D at 8, Z at 7, K at 6, Q at 5, T at 4, G at 3, C at 2, and S at 1. The box placed at the second position from the bottom is C.

Explanation

In the stack of ten boxes from top to bottom (V, B, D, Z, K, Q, T, G, C, S), box Q is at position 5 and box T is at position 4, so there are zero boxes between Q and T. The box that has zero boxes placed above it is V at position 10.

Explanation

Arranging the given series in ascending order from the right end means the smallest number is at the rightmost position and the largest is at the leftmost position. The sequence from left to right becomes 843, 612, 437, 375, 198. The second number from the left end is 612.

Explanation

Arranging the digits of each number in descending order gives 198 to 981, 375 to 753, 843 to 843, 612 to 621, and 437 to 743. Ranking these rearranged numbers from highest to lowest gives 981, 843, 753, 743, and 621. The third highest number is 753, which corresponds to 375.

Explanation

Swapping the second and third digits moves the original second digit to the units place. A number is even if its final digit is even. Among the numbers 198, 375, 843, 612, and 437, the second digits are 9, 7, 4, 1, and 3. Only 843 has an even second digit, forming 834, so exactly one even number is formed.

Explanation

In the series 198, 375, 843, 612, 437, the third number from the left end is 843 and the fifth number from the right end is 198. Subtracting 198 from 843 gives 843 - 198 = 645.

Explanation

Arranging the series in ascending order yields 198, 375, 437, 612, and 843. The fourth lowest number in this sequence is 612. Summing its digits gives 6 + 1 + 2 = 9.

Explanation

In the rectangular table arrangement, corner positions face inside while middle positions face outside. Sequentially ordering the eight persons clockwise starting from a middle side yields V (middle), N (corner), A (middle), M (corner), F (middle), S (corner), D (middle), and B (corner). Person A sits at a middle position directly opposite person D.

Explanation

In the seating arrangement around the rectangular table, F sits at a middle side facing outside. Counting to the right of F (clockwise), the order of persons is S at the corner, D at the middle side, and B at the next corner. Therefore, two persons sit between F and B.

Explanation

In the rectangular table seating arrangement, N sits at a corner position facing inside toward the center of the table. Directly opposite N across the center sits S, who is also at a corner position facing inside directly toward N.