SSC CGL Tier 1 2023 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The analogy follows the relationship between a medical specialist and the specific organ or anatomical system they treat. Orthopaedics is the branch of medicine concerned with the study and treatment of the musculoskeletal system, specifically the bones. Similarly, cardiology is the medical specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the heart. Therefore, just as an orthopaedic doctor treats bones, a cardiologist treats the heart.

Explanation

The logic followed in the given number pairs is n : (n² - 2).

For the first pair, 9 : 79: 9² - 2 = 81 - 2 = 79

For the second pair, 11 : 119: 11² - 2 = 121 - 2 = 119

Applying the same logic to the third pair, 7 : ?: 7² - 2 = 49 - 2 = 47

Explanation

To arrange words in dictionary order, they are compared letter by letter from left to right. All six words begin with the letters Ban. Comparing the fourth letters, we have Bandage (d), Bandwagon (d), Banished (i), Bankrupt (k), Bannister (n), and Banquet (q). Since d comes first alphabetically, Bandage and Bandwagon are the first two words. Comparing their sixth letters, g in Bandage comes before w in Bandwagon, placing 2 before 5.

Continuing with the fourth letter comparison for the remaining words, i comes before k, n, and q, placing Banished (1) third. Next, k comes before n and q, placing Bankrupt (4) fourth. Then, n comes before q, placing Bannister (3) fifth, and Banquet (6) appears last as q is the furthest in the alphabet. This results in the sequence 2, 5, 1, 4, 3, 6.

Explanation

The logical hierarchy established by the first two statements confirms that pencils are a subset of colours, and colours are a subset of paints. Conclusion II is valid based on the law of conversion; the universal affirmative statement All colours are paints implies that at least some paints are colours. Similarly, conclusion III is valid because the statement All pencils are colours implies its converse that some colours are pencils. For conclusion I, while the first two statements combine to show that all pencils are paints, the third statement only establishes that some paints are drawings. This particular affirmative does not distribute to the subset of pencils within the paint category, meaning an intersection between pencils and drawings is not logically guaranteed. Therefore, only conclusions II and III are valid deductions from the given premises.

Explanation

The series is completed by dividing the letters into four groups of five characters each. By placing the letters from option d) into the blanks, the sequence is formed as follows:

Z X C V B | Z X V B D | X E V Z Z | B V B X F

The series is governed by two primary patterns:

Landmark Progression: There is a clear alphabetical progression of specific letters across the groups: In the first group, the third letter is C. In the second group, the fifth letter is D. In the third group, the second letter is E. In the fourth group, the fifth letter is F. This C → D → E → F sequence provides a consistent framework for the series.

Repeating Set: The remaining letters in each group are predominantly drawn from the set {Z, X, V, B}. In the first two groups, this set is constant (Z, X, V, B). In the third and fourth groups, the letters shift or repeat (such as the double Z in the third group and the double B in the fourth) to maintain the five-letter blocks while following the overall flow of the series. Only option d) satisfies both the landmark progression and the structural requirements of the letter groups.

Explanation

To make the equation correct, we interchange the numbers 6 and 5 and the signs - and ×. Replacing these in the given equation (treating the division sign as a typo for an addition sign to balance the equation):

Original equation: 18 - 6 + 11 × 5 + 18 = 113

After interchanging 6 and 5, and interchanging - and ×: 18 × 5 + 11 - 6 + 18 = 113

According to the BODMAS rule, we perform the multiplication first: 90 + 11 - 6 + 18 = 113

Now, perform addition and subtraction from left to right: 101 - 6 + 18 = 113 95 + 18 = 113 113 = 113

Explanation

The numerical relationship follows the pattern where the second term is the square root of the first term minus one. This can be expressed by the formula √x - 1 = y.

In the first pair, √(121) = 11, and 11 - 1 = 10. In the second pair, √(256) = 16, and 16 - 1 = 15. Applying the same logic to the third pair, the square root of 441 is 21. Subtracting one from this value gives 21 - 1 = 20.

Explanation

The series is composed of four groups of five letters each. By dividing the sequence and filling in the letters from option c), we obtain the following pattern:

Group 1: V J B R W Group 2: B V K R W Group 3: B V L R W Group 4: B V M R W

Pattern analysis: The third letter (and second in the first group) of each block follows a sequential alphabetical progression: J → K → L → M. The last two letters of every group remain constant as R and W. Each group contains the letters B and V. In the first group, they occupy the first and third positions (V _ B), while in all subsequent groups, they occupy the first and second positions (B V _).

By placing the letters from option c) (B, V, K, R, W, M, R) into the sequence at the missing positions: V J (B) R W B (V) (K) R W B V L (R) (W) B V (M) (R) W

This sequence perfectly aligns with the letter fragments provided in the question: VJ, RWB, RWBVL, BV, and W.

Explanation

The numbers in the given sets follow the relationship where the sum of the first number and 10 is equal to the sum of the second and third numbers. This can be represented by the formula: 1st Number + 10 = 2nd Number + 3rd Number

In the first set (168, 35, 143): 168 + 10 = 178 35 + 143 = 178

In the second set (182, 65, 127): 182 + 10 = 192 65 + 127 = 192

Following the same logic for the set in option a) (142, 83, 69): 142 + 10 = 152 83 + 69 = 152

Both sides result in the same value, confirming that this set follows the established pattern.

Explanation

The logic follows a pattern where adjacent pairs of letters in the cluster are swapped. Specifically, the first and second letters, the third and fourth letters, and the fifth and sixth letters exchange their positions.

In the first pair, BETTER becomes EBTTRE: (B-E) becomes (E-B) (T-T) remains (T-T) (E-R) becomes (R-E)

In the second pair, ANSWER becomes NAWSRE: (A-N) becomes (N-A) (S-W) becomes (W-S) (E-R) becomes (R-E)

Applying this same logic to ACCEPT: (A-C) becomes (C-A) (C-E) becomes (E-C) (P-T) becomes (T-P)

Combining these results gives CAECTP.

Explanation

Conclusion I follows because since some sweets are chocolates and all chocolates are cookies, those specific sweets are necessarily cookies. Conclusion II follows because if all chocolates are cookies, it is logically true that some cookies are chocolates. Conclusion III follows directly from the conversion of the statement some sweets are chocolates.

Explanation

The pattern followed in these letter-clusters involves keeping the letters at odd positions (1st, 3rd, and 5th) unchanged, while shifting the letters at even positions (2nd, 4th, and 6th) backward by 7 places in the English alphabetical sequence.

In the first pair PARROT to PTRKOM: The letters P, R, and O at positions 1, 3, and 5 remain the same. The letter A (1) at the 2nd position shifts back 7 steps to T (20). The letter R (18) at the 4th position shifts back 7 steps to K (11). The letter T (20) at the 6th position shifts back 7 steps to M (13).

In the second pair RECIPE to RXCBPX: The letters R, C, and P at positions 1, 3, and 5 remain the same. The letter E (5) at the 2nd position shifts back 7 steps to X (24). The letter I (9) at the 4th position shifts back 7 steps to B (2). The letter E (5) at the 6th position shifts back 7 steps to X (24).

Applying this logic to RELISH: The letters R, L, and S at positions 1, 3, and 5 remain the same. For the even positions: The 2nd letter E (5) moves back 7 steps: 5 - 7 = -2, which corresponds to 26 - 2 = 24 (X). The 4th letter I (9) moves back 7 steps: 9 - 7 = 2 (B). The 6th letter H (8) moves back 7 steps: 8 - 7 = 1 (A).

Combining these results gives the letter-cluster RXLBSA.

Explanation

The numbers in the given sets follow the logic where the second number is three times the first number minus one, and the third number is six times the first number minus one. This can also be expressed as the third number being twice the second number plus one.

For the set (9, 26, 53): 9 × 3 - 1 = 26 26 × 2 + 1 = 53 or 9 × 6 - 1 = 53

For the set (8, 23, 47): 8 × 3 - 1 = 23 23 × 2 + 1 = 47 or 8 × 6 - 1 = 47

In the set (5, 14, 29), the same mathematical relationship is maintained: 5 × 3 - 1 = 14 14 × 2 + 1 = 29 or 5 × 6 - 1 = 29

Explanation

In syllogistic logic, a definite conclusion between two terms is only possible if they are linked by a middle term that is distributed in at least one of the premises. In particular affirmative (I-type) statements, such as the three provided, neither the subject nor the predicate is distributed. The middle term mixers in the first and second statements is undistributed, so no certain relation exists between coolers and scissors. The middle term scissors in the second and third statements is also undistributed, preventing any definite relationship between mixers and knives. Because there is no universal quantifier (All or No) to distribute the middle terms in the chain, no valid connection can be established between the terms that are not directly connected in a single statement.

Explanation

The logic followed in the letter-cluster pairs is based on a fixed numerical increment and decrement across the corresponding positions of the letters. The pattern is: first letter +2, second letter -3, and third letter +4.

For NHT : PEX: N + 2 = P (14 + 2 = 16) H - 3 = E (8 - 3 = 5) T + 4 = X (20 + 4 = 24)

For KDF : MAJ: K + 2 = M (11 + 2 = 13) D - 3 = A (4 - 3 = 1) F + 4 = J (6 + 4 = 10)

Applying the same logic to UMR: U + 2 = W (21 + 2 = 23) M - 3 = J (13 - 3 = 10) R + 4 = V (18 + 4 = 22)

The resulting letter-cluster is WJV.

Explanation

A year is identified as a leap year if it is evenly divisible by 4, with the exception of century years which must be divisible by 400 to qualify. To determine if a non-century year is divisible by 4, the mathematical rule states that one only needs to check the last two digits of the number. For the year 1076, the last two digits are 76. Since 76 ÷ 4 = 19 without leaving a remainder, the year 1076 is perfectly divisible by 4 and thus satisfies the condition for being a leap year.

Explanation

The relationship is determined by breaking down the statement from the end. The son of the speaker's wife is the speaker's own son. The brother of that son is also the speaker's son. The daughter of the speaker's son is the speaker's granddaughter. Since Suresha is the speaker's granddaughter, the speaker is Suresha's grandfather.

Explanation

The relationship between the letter-clusters is based on an alternating pattern of adding 3 and subtracting 6 from the positional values of the letters in the English alphabet.

For the first pair, WOODLAND to ZIRXOUQX: W (23) + 3 = 26 (Z) O (15) - 6 = 9 (I) O (15) + 3 = 18 (R) D (4) - 6 = -2 ≡ 24 (X) L (12) + 3 = 15 (O) A (1) - 6 = -5 ≡ 21 (U) N (14) + 3 = 17 (Q) D (4) - 6 = -2 ≡ 24 (X)

For the second pair, PERIODIC to SYUCRXLW: P (16) + 3 = 19 (S) E (5) - 6 = -1 ≡ 25 (Y) R (18) + 3 = 21 (U) I (9) - 6 = 3 (C) O (15) + 3 = 18 (R) D (4) - 6 = -2 ≡ 24 (X) I (9) + 3 = 12 (L) C (3) - 6 = -3 ≡ 23 (W)

Applying the same +3, -6 pattern to MAGAZINE: M (13) + 3 = 16 (P) A (1) - 6 = -5 ≡ 21 (U) G (7) + 3 = 10 (J) A (1) - 6 = -5 ≡ 21 (U) Z (26) + 3 = 29 ≡ 3 (C) I (9) - 6 = 3 (C) N (14) + 3 = 17 (Q) E (5) - 6 = -1 ≡ 25 (Y)

Explanation

The triads in the group are formed using the mathematical operation where the first number is the square of the difference between the second and third numbers, represented by the formula n1 = (n2 - n3)². In the triad 72:16:8, the difference between the second number 16 and the third number 8 is 8. The square of this difference is 8² = 64. Since the first number in this triad is 72 rather than 64, it does not follow the consistent operation applied to the other triads.

Explanation

By interchanging the signs + and ÷, the equation 294 + 14 × 4 ÷ 16 - 67 = 33 is modified to:

294 ÷ 14 × 4 + 16 - 67 = 33

Applying the BODMAS rule, we solve the operations in order:

Step 1: Division 21 × 4 + 16 - 67 = 33

Step 2: Multiplication 84 + 16 - 67 = 33

Step 3: Addition 100 - 67 = 33

Step 4: Subtraction 33 = 33

The calculation confirms that interchanging these two signs results in a balanced equation.

Explanation

To arrange words in alphabetical order as they appear in a dictionary, we compare them letter by letter from left to right. All six words begin with V. Comparing the second letters, words 1, 3, 4, and 5 have a, while words 2 and 6 have i. Since a comes before i, the Va group must be ordered first. Within the Va group, we look at the third letters: l in Valiant (5), m in Vampire (4), n in Vanquish (3), and r in Variance (1). In the alphabet, the order of these letters is l, m, n, r, giving the sequence 5, 4, 3, 1. Next, we compare the remaining words starting with Vi. The third letter in Victorious (6) is c, and in Violence (2) it is i. Since c precedes i, 6 comes before 2. Combining these sequences results in the order 5, 4, 3, 1, 6, 2.

Explanation

Interchanging the signs + and × in the equation 756 ÷ 252 + 89 × 180 - 63 gives the following expression:

756 ÷ 252 × 89 + 180 - 63

Following the BODMAS rule, the operations are performed in the order of Division, Multiplication, Addition, and then Subtraction.

First, perform the division: 756 ÷ 252 = 3

Next, perform the multiplication: 3 × 89 = 267

Then, perform the addition: 267 + 180 = 447

Finally, perform the subtraction: 447 - 63 = 384

The calculated value matches the right-hand side of the given equation.

Explanation

The letter series contains a total of 7 blanks (represented by underscores and the space between WDAE and MWDA). To complete the series, we must sequentially place the letters from the correct option into these blanks.

Counting the letters in each given option: a) Variance: 8 letters (V-A-R-I-A-N-C-E) b) Violence: 8 letters (V-I-O-L-E-N-C-E) c) Vanquish: 8 letters (V-A-N-Q-U-I-S-H) d) Vampire: 7 letters (V-A-M-P-I-R-E)

By observing the series AESO_WDAE _ MWDA_SOM_D_ESOMW_, the positions to be filled are: After AESO The space after WDAE The underscore before MWDA After MWDA After SOM After D After ESOMW

Since there are exactly 7 positions to fill, the only option that fits the required number of letters is Vampire. Sequentially placing V, A, M, P, I, R, and E into the blanks completes the sequence.

Explanation

The numerical relationship in each pair follows the pattern where the second number is exactly three times the first number. This can be expressed by the formula y = 3x.

For the first pair: 7 × 3 = 21

For the second pair: 14 × 3 = 42

Applying this same logic to the third pair: 18 × 3 = 54

The result completes the sequence 18 : 54 while maintaining the established ratio of 1:3 across all pairs.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of words is that of synonymy. To wilt means to lose limpness or vitality, which is synonymous with the word droop. Following the same logic, a synonym must be found for the word thrive. Thrive means to grow vigorously, prosper, or develop well. Flourish is a direct synonym for thrive as it describes the state of growing or developing in a healthy and successful way.

Explanation

The series follows a consistent positional pattern based on the English alphabet. The first letter of each group increases by 5 positions: B(2) +5 G(7) +5 L(12) +5 Q(17). Following this logic, the first letter of the required term is 17 + 5 = 22, which corresponds to V.

Additionally, every group maintains an internal structure where the second letter follows the first immediately (+1) and the third letter follows the second after skipping one letter (+2). For example, in the first term BCE, B(2)+1=C(3) and C(3)+2=E(5). Applying this internal pattern to the starting letter V(22), the next letters are 22+1=23 (W) and 23+2=25 (Y). Combining these results gives the term VWY.

Explanation

The letter-clusters are formed based on two specific rules. First, the first and second letters are reverse alphabetical pairs, meaning the sum of their numerical positions in the alphabet is 27. Second, the third letter is located 3 positions before the first letter in alphabetical order (Position₁ - 3 = Position₃). In the cluster EVC, while the first two letters E (5) and V (22) satisfy the first rule as their sum is 27, the third letter C (3) is only 2 positions before the first letter E (5 - 2 = 3). This deviation from the subtraction rule identifies EVC as the odd one out.

Explanation

To determine the code for 'with power', we identify the individual codes for each word through comparison. By comparing 'time has come' (et im ak) and 'come with money' (nd ak co), the common word 'come' corresponds to the common code 'ak'. Similarly, comparing 'come with money' (nd ak co) and 'money has power' (fu et nd) reveals that the common word 'money' corresponds to the common code 'nd'. In the phrase 'come with money', since 'come' is 'ak' and 'money' is 'nd', the remaining word 'with' must be coded as 'co'.

Next, we compare 'time has come' (et im ak) and 'money has power' (fu et nd). The common word 'has' corresponds to the common code 'et'. In the phrase 'money has power' (fu et nd), since 'money' is 'nd' and 'has' is 'et', the remaining word 'power' must be coded as 'fu'. Combining these results, the code for 'with power' is 'co fu' or 'fu co'.

Explanation

The relationship between the words in the first pair is that of raw material and its finished product. Cotton is the primary raw material used in the textile industry to manufacture cloth. Similarly, sugarcane is the primary agricultural raw material used in refineries to produce sugar.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers (n₁, n₂, n₃) in the sets follows the formula n₁{5} + n₂{3} = n₃. For the set (15, 21, 10), the operation is ¹⁵⁄₅ + ²¹⁄₃ = 3 + 7 = 10. For the set (25, 36, 17), the operation is ²⁵⁄₅ + ³⁶⁄₃ = 5 + 12 = 17. Following this pattern for the set (100, 33, 31), the calculation ¹⁰⁰⁄₅ + ³³⁄₃ results in 20 + 11 = 31, which matches the third number.

Explanation

The logic followed in the given sets is (First Number - Third Number)² = Second Number. In the first set (13, 64, 5), we calculate (13 - 5)² = 8² = 64. In the second set (10, 1, 9), we calculate (10 - 9)² = 1² = 1. Applying the same logic to the set (16, 49, 9), we find (16 - 9)² = 7² = 49, which matches the second number in the set.

Explanation

The coding logic follows a pattern where each letter of the word is replaced by its numerical position in the English alphabet (A=1, B=2, …, Z=26) multiplied by 2.

In the word DESIGN, the positions are D(4), E(5), S(19), I(9), G(7), and N(14). Multiplying these by 2 yields 4 × 2 = 8, 5 × 2 = 10, 19 × 2 = 38, 9 × 2 = 18, 7 × 2 = 14, and 14 × 2 = 28, resulting in 8-10-38-18-14-28. Similarly, for FOREST, the positions are F(6), O(15), R(18), E(5), S(19), and T(20). Doubling these gives 12, 30, 36, 10, 38, 40.

Applying this same rule to PLAYER: P = 16 ⟹ 16 × 2 = 32 L = 12 ⟹ 12 × 2 = 24 A = 1 ⟹ 1 × 2 = 2 Y = 25 ⟹ 25 × 2 = 50 E = 5 ⟹ 5 × 2 = 10 R = 18 ⟹ 18 × 2 = 36

The resulting code is 32-24-2-50-10-36.

Explanation

By applying the BODMAS rule to the sequence of signs ×, ÷, -, +, the equation 36 × 12 ÷ 6 - 12 + 3 = 63 is solved in the following steps. First, perform the division: 12 ÷ 6 = 2, which simplifies the expression to 36 × 2 - 12 + 3 = 63. Next, carry out the multiplication: 36 × 2 = 72, resulting in 72 - 12 + 3 = 63. Finally, performing the addition and subtraction gives 60 + 3 = 63, which simplifies to 63 = 63. This combination of signs successfully balances the equation.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in the given sets follows the logic that the second number is equal to three times the product of the first and the third numbers. This can be represented by the formula n₂ = 3 × (n₁ × n₃).

In the first set (14, 378, 9), the calculation is 14 × 9 × 3 = 126 × 3 = 378. In the second set (18, 432, 8), the calculation is 18 × 8 × 3 = 144 × 3 = 432.

Following this logic for option b, the set (15, 405, 9) yields 15 × 9 × 3 = 135 × 3 = 405.

Explanation

In the expression X % Y = Z % W V, the relationships are determined by the symbols provided. The segment Z % W indicates that Z is the daughter of W. The segment W V indicates that W is the father of V. Since W is the father of both Z and V, they are siblings. Given that Z is female as the daughter of W, Z is the sister of V.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where the difference between consecutive terms increases by 3 in each subsequent step. This forms an arithmetic progression within the differences of the terms.

First difference: 12 - 3 = 9 Fourth difference: 57 - 39 = 18 Fifth difference: 78 - 57 = 21

Observing the known differences 9, 18, and 21, the sequence of differences is an arithmetic progression with a common difference of 3: 9, 12, 15, 18, 21.

To find the missing number, add the next difference in the sequence (12) to the second term: 12 + 12 = 24

We can verify this by adding the following difference (15) to our result to see if it matches the fourth term: 24 + 15 = 39

Since the calculation aligns with the existing terms, the missing number is 24.

Explanation

The numbers in the given sets follow a pattern of an arithmetic progression where the common difference between consecutive terms is 61. For the first set (47, 108, 169), the differences are 108 - 47 = 61 and 169 - 108 = 61. For the second set (22, 83, 144), the differences are 83 - 22 = 61 and 144 - 83 = 61.

Following this logic for the set (51, 112, 173): 112 - 51 = 61 173 - 112 = 61

The set maintains the constant difference of 61 between the first and second numbers, and between the second and third numbers, matching the relationship established in the example sets.

Explanation

The mathematical operation followed in the number pairs is y = (x × 7) - 8, where x is the first number and y is the second. In the case of the pair 16:106, applying this logic results in 16 × 7 - 8 = 112 - 8 = 104. Since the second number provided in this pair is 106 instead of 104, it does not follow the consistent pattern established by the other pairs.

Explanation

The letter cluster TXBG follows a specific pattern of positional increments between its letters that distinguishes it from the others. Assigning numerical values to the letters based on their positions in the alphabet where A=1 and Z=26, the positions for TXBG are T(20), X(24), B(2), and G(7). The difference between the first and second letter is 24 - 20 = 4. The difference between the second and third letter is 28 - 24 = 4, considering B as the 28th letter in a continuous cycle. The difference between the third and fourth letter is 7 - 2 = 5. Thus, the sequence of additions for this cluster is +4, +4, +5. In contrast, the remaining letter clusters follow a uniform logic where the increments between consecutive letters are +2, +4, and +7 respectively. Since TXBG deviates from this established +2, +4, +7 pattern, it is the odd cluster.

Explanation

The logical relationships in the statements follow the transitive property of set inclusion. Since all rice are grains and all grains are edibles, the set of rice is entirely contained within the set of edibles, making conclusion I valid. Similarly, because all pulses are grains and all grains are edibles, the set of pulses is also entirely contained within the set of edibles, which validates conclusion II. The third statement establishes that the entire category of grains is a subset of edibles. In syllogistic logic, the universal affirmative statement All A are B implies the conversion Some B are A. Therefore, if every grain is an edible, it is necessarily true that at least some edibles are grains, confirming conclusion III. Since all three derived conclusions are logically sound based on the premises, they all follow.

Explanation

Dictionary order is determined by comparing letters of each word from left to right based on their alphabetical sequence. All given words begin with S. Comparing the second letters, h in Shirking (3) appears first in the alphabet, followed by p in Spawn (6) and Spider (5), and then t in Strident (1), Student (2), and Stuffy (4). Within the group starting with Sp, Spawn (6) precedes Spider (5) because the third letter a comes before i. Within the group starting with St, Strident (1) comes first because the third letter r precedes u. Finally, between the two words starting with Stu, Student (2) comes before Stuffy (4) as the fourth letter d precedes f. Following these alphabetical rules, the words are ordered as 3, 6, 5, 1, 2, 4.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in each pair follows the pattern where the first number is equal to one-third of the cube of the second number. This can be represented by the formula: x = (y³)/(3)

For the first pair (243 : 9): x = (9³)/(3) = ⁷²⁹⁄₃ = 243

For the second pair (72 : 6): x = (6³)/(3) = ²¹⁶⁄₃ = 72

Following the same logic for the third pair (576 : ?): 576 = (y³)/(3) y³ = 576 × 3 = 1728 y = ³√(1728) = 12

Explanation

To make the equation correct using option b, we interchange the numbers 16 and 9 and the signs + and -. Substituting these into the original equation 14 + 16 - 14 × 9 ÷ 4 = 61, we get the following modified expression:

14 - 9 + 14 × 16 ÷ 4

Applying the BODMAS rule, we perform division first: 16 ÷ 4 = 4

The expression now becomes: 14 - 9 + 14 × 4

Next, we perform the multiplication: 14 × 4 = 56

The expression simplifies to: 14 - 9 + 56

Finally, we perform addition and subtraction from left to right: 14 - 9 = 5 5 + 56 = 61

Since the calculated value is 61, the equation matches the RHS.

Explanation

Conclusion I follows because the first statement establishes an intersection between cooks and poets, and the second statement asserts that the entire set of poets is a subset of priests. Consequently, the individuals who are both cooks and poets are necessarily priests, confirming that some cooks are priests.

Conclusion II follows as a logical conversion of Conclusion I. In syllogistic logic, the proposition Some A are B implies the converse Some B are A. Since it is established that some cooks are priests, it must also be true that some priests are cooks.

Conclusion IV follows as a logical conversion of the third statement. The statement Some priests are doctors indicates an intersection between the two sets. By the rule of conversion, this implies that some doctors are priests.

Conclusion III does not follow because the third statement only establishes a partial relationship between priests and doctors. A particular affirmative premise cannot support a universal affirmative conclusion; therefore, we cannot conclude that all doctors are priests based on the given information.

Explanation

To arrange words in dictionary order, we compare them letter by letter from left to right. All given words begin with the same three letters Che. We then look at the fourth letter: Cheaper has a, Cheering, Cheese, and Cheetah have e, Chemical has m, and Chestnut has s. Since a comes first in the alphabet, Cheaper (6) is the first word. Among the words where the fourth letter is e, we compare the fifth letters: Cheering has r, Cheese has s, and Cheetah has t. Alphabetically, r comes before s, and s comes before t, giving the sequence Cheering (3), Cheese (4), and Cheetah (1). Finally, looking at the remaining words, Chemical (2) with m as the fourth letter comes before Chestnut (5) with s as the fourth letter. Combining these steps results in the sequence 6, 3, 4, 1, 2, 5.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers is based on simple division by 2. In the first pair, 284 ÷ 2 = 142. In the second pair, the same logic is applied such that 568 ÷ 2 = 284. Following this consistent pattern for the third pair, dividing the fifth number by 2 gives the missing value: 1136 ÷ 2 = 568.

Explanation

To make the equation 2 × 236 - 2 + 36 ÷ 72 = 200 correct, we interchange the signs ÷ and -. The modified equation becomes 2 × 236 ÷ 2 + 36 - 72 = 200.

Applying the BODMAS rule, we first perform the division: 236 ÷ 2 = 118. Substituting this value, the equation becomes 2 × 118 + 36 - 72 = 200.

Next, we perform the multiplication: 2 × 118 = 236. The equation is now 236 + 36 - 72 = 200.

Proceeding with addition: 236 + 36 = 272. Finally, we perform subtraction: 272 - 72 = 200. Since the left-hand side equals the right-hand side, the interchange of ÷ and - is correct.

Explanation

The relationship in the given pair is Tool : Primary Action. An auger is a tool specifically designed to bore holes in surfaces such as wood or earth. Similarly, a needle is a tool specifically used for the purpose of sewing. In both instances, the first word represents an instrument and the second word represents the functional task performed by that instrument.

Explanation

The letter-clusters follow a transformation pattern where the 5-letter word is divided into a first pair (1-2), a middle letter (3), and a last pair (4-5). In all examples, the last pair (4-5) is swapped, and the middle letter (3) remains in its position.

In ADOPT, the first pair (A-D) swaps to (D-A) and the last pair (P-T) swaps to (T-P), resulting in DAOTP. In FINAL, the first pair (F-I) remains unchanged while the last pair (A-L) swaps to (L-A), resulting in FINLA.

The first pair swaps only when the consonants in the word are in alphabetical order. In ADOPT, the consonants (D, P, T) are alphabetical (4, 16, 20). In FINAL, the consonants (F, N, L) are not (6, 14, 12). In HUMOR, the consonants (H, M, R) are in alphabetical order (8, 13, 18), so the first pair (H-U) swaps to (U-H) and the last pair (O-R) swaps to (R-O).

Following this pattern, H-U-M-O-R becomes U-H-M-R-O. Among the options, only UHMRO follows the consistent rule of swapping the last two letters (OR to RO).

Explanation

Conclusion I follows because the intersection established between sweets and chocolates in the first statement, combined with the second statement where all chocolates are cookies, ensures that the shared elements between sweets and chocolates are also cookies. Conclusion II is a valid immediate inference from the second statement; since all chocolates are cookies, the set of cookies necessarily contains all chocolates, meaning some cookies are chocolates. Conclusion III follows by the principle of conversion applied to the first statement; if some sweets are chocolates, it is logically equivalent to say some chocolates are sweets. Because all three deductions are direct consequences of the provided statements, all conclusions follow.