SSC CGL Tier 1 2023 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

To arrange the words in dictionary order, we compare them letter by letter from left to right. All six words begin with the same three letters Sal. Comparing the fourth letters, we have a in Salary (4), e in Salesman (1), i in Salinity (3) and Salivate (6), m in Salmon (5), and v in Salvage (2). Alphabetically, a comes first, followed by e, i, m, and v. This establishes that Salary (4) is first and Salesman (1) is second. To differentiate between Salinity (3) and Salivate (6), we look at the fifth letters, which are n and v respectively. Since n comes before v, Salinity (3) precedes Salivate (6). Following these is Salmon (5) and then Salvage (2). Thus, the correct alphabetical sequence is 4, 1, 3, 6, 5, 2.

Explanation

The given pair establishes a relationship between a measuring instrument and the physical quantity it measures. A thermometer is a device used to determine the temperature of a substance or environment. Similarly, a voltmeter is an instrument used for measuring the electric potential difference, commonly known as voltage, between two points in an electrical circuit. Both pairs follow the specific functional logic of Instrument : Measurement.

Explanation

Conclusion I follows directly from the first statement. The premise all clowns are books implies that the set of clowns is a subset of the set of books. By the rule of conversion for universal affirmative statements, if all A are B, then some B are A must be true. Therefore, some books are clowns is a valid conclusion.

Conclusion III follows from the third statement. The premise some heavy are trucks indicates an intersection between the set of heavy objects and the set of trucks. In categorical logic, the particular affirmative statement some A are B is symmetrical and can be converted to some B are A. Thus, if some heavy are trucks, it logically follows that some trucks are heavy.

Explanation

The logic followed in the given sets is (a + b)² + 2 = c, where a is the first number, b is the second number, and c is the third number.

In the first set (4, 5, 83): (4 + 5)² + 2 = 9² + 2 = 81 + 2 = 83

In the second set (5, 5, 102): (5 + 5)² + 2 = 10² + 2 = 100 + 2 = 102

Applying this logic to the set (8, 3, 123) in option d: (8 + 3)² + 2 = 11² + 2 = 121 + 2 = 123

The pattern is consistent across the given sets and the selected option, where the square of the sum of the first and second numbers is increased by 2 to obtain the third number.

Explanation

The series follows a consistent arithmetic pattern where 9 is added to one term to get the next, followed by subtracting 5 to get the subsequent term. 43 + 9 = 52 52 - 5 = 47 Applying the next step of the pattern to the third term: 47 + 9 = 56 To verify, the following terms in the series are: 56 - 5 = 51 51 + 9 = 60 60 - 5 = 55 Alternatively, the series can be viewed as two interleaved sequences. The numbers in the odd positions (43, 47, 51, 55) increase by 4 at each step (43 + 4 = 47, 47 + 4 = 51, 51 + 4 = 55). Similarly, the numbers in the even positions (52, ?, 60) also follow a +4 pattern. Adding 4 to the second term gives 52 + 4 = 56, and adding 4 to that result gives 56 + 4 = 60, confirming that the missing number is 56.

Explanation

The pattern follows a reverse-mapping logic where each letter of the resulting cluster is derived from the source cluster by taking its letters in reverse order and adding increasing numerical increments. Specifically, the first letter of the second cluster is the last letter of the first cluster plus 1, the second letter is the middle letter plus 2, and the third letter is the first letter plus 3.

For the first pair RJN:OLU: N (14) + 1 = 15 (O) J (10) + 2 = 12 (L) R (18) + 3 = 21 (U)

For the second pair DHL:MJG: L (12) + 1 = 13 (M) H (8) + 2 = 10 (J) D (4) + 3 = 7 (G)

Applying the same logic to the fifth cluster VKC: The first letter is C (3) + 1 = 4 (D). The second letter is K (11) + 2 = 13 (M). The third letter is V (22) + 3 = 25 (Y).

Following this consistent pattern, the required cluster is DMY.

Explanation

The coding logic follows a specific rule based on the alphabetical positional values of letters. Vowels (A, E, I, O, U) are represented by their original positional value, while consonants are represented by doubling their positional value.

For the word SURGE, the positional values are S=19, U=21, R=18, G=7, and E=5. Applying the rule: S is a consonant so 19 × 2 = 38; U is a vowel so it remains 21; R is a consonant so 18 × 2 = 36; G is a consonant so 7 × 2 = 14; and E is a vowel so it remains 5. Stringing these together gives 382136145.

For the word PRIEST, the positional values are P=16, R=18, I=9, E=5, S=19, and T=20. Applying the rule: P (consonant): 16 × 2 = 32 R (consonant): 18 × 2 = 36 I (vowel): 9 E (vowel): 5 S (consonant): 19 × 2 = 38 T (consonant): 20 × 2 = 40

Combining these numerical values in sequence results in the code 3236953840.

Explanation

The series follows a consistent pattern of alphabetical increments for each letter position in the terms.

The first letter of each term increases by 1 in each step: M(13) → N(14) → O(15) → P(16) → Q(17).

The second letter of each term increases by 2 in each step: P(16) → R(18) → T(20) → V(22) → X(24).

The third letter of each term increases by 1 in each step: K(11) → L(12) → M(13) → N(14) → O(15).

The fourth letter of each term increases by 2 in each step: L(12) → N(14) → P(16) → R(18) → T(20).

By applying these specific transformations to the final term PVNR, the next term is determined. The first position becomes P + 1 = Q, the second position becomes V + 2 = X, the third position becomes N + 1 = O, and the fourth position becomes R + 2 = T.

Explanation

To find the relationship, we break down the description from the perspective of Vineeta. Vineeta's father's brother is her paternal uncle. The father of her father's brother is also the father of her own father, making that person Vineeta's paternal grandfather. The woman in the picture is the wife of this paternal grandfather. Consequently, the wife of Vineeta's father's father is Vineeta's father's mother, which identifies the woman as Vineeta's paternal grandmother.

Explanation

The relationship between the letter-clusters is based on a constant positional shift. Each letter in the first cluster is moved forward by 9 positions in the English alphabetical order to obtain the corresponding letter in the second cluster. When the sum exceeds 26, the sequence restarts from A.

In the first pair MGX : VPG, M (13) + 9 = 22 (V), G (7) + 9 = 16 (P), and X (24) + 9 = 33. Since there are 26 letters, 33 - 26 = 7, which is G.

In the second pair TZC : CIL, T (20) + 9 = 29, and 29 - 26 = 3 (C). Z (26) + 9 = 35, and 35 - 26 = 9 (I). C (3) + 9 = 12 (L).

Applying this +9 logic to HPX, the first letter H (8) + 9 = 17 (Q). The second letter P (16) + 9 = 25 (Y). The third letter X (24) + 9 = 33, and 33 - 26 = 7 (G). Following this sequence, the fifth letter-cluster HPX corresponds to QYG.

Explanation

Dictionary order follows alphabetical precedence by comparing letters at each position from left to right. All five words begin with the prefix Gr. Comparing the third letters, Granite (a) comes first. In the words Greed (e), Green (e), Grip (i), and Grown (o), the vowels follow the order e, i, o. For Greed (1) and Green (2), which both have e as the third and fourth letters, the fifth letters are d and n respectively. Since d precedes n, Greed (1) comes before Green (2). Following this, Grip (4) with the third letter i comes next, and Grown (3) with the third letter o is the final word in the sequence. This results in the order 5, 1, 2, 4, 3.

Explanation

The numerical analogy follows the logic n : (3n³ - 2). This pattern can be verified using the given pairs.

For the first pair where n = 6: 3(6)³ - 2 = 3(216) - 2 = 648 - 2 = 646

For the third pair where n = 4: 3(4)³ - 2 = 3(64) - 2 = 192 - 2 = 190

Applying the same logic to the second pair where n = 5: 3(5)³ - 2 = 3(125) - 2 = 375 - 2 = 373

Explanation

The numerical series follows a logic of subtracting consecutive odd numbers starting from 7. By calculating the difference between consecutive terms, a clear pattern emerges:

80 - 7 = 73 73 - 9 = 64 64 - 11 = 53 53 - 13 = 40

The values being subtracted are 7, 9, 11, and 13. To find the next number in the series, the next consecutive odd number in the sequence, which is 15, must be subtracted from the last known term:

40 - 15 = 25

Explanation

The relationship between the first and second fractions in each set is governed by a consistent linear transformation applied to both the numerator and the denominator. The rule is defined as: New Value = (4 × Original Value) + 3

In the first set [(⁷⁄₉), (³¹⁄₃₉)], the numerator is calculated as 7 × 4 + 3 = 31 and the denominator is 9 × 4 + 3 = 39. Similarly, in the second set [(⅗), (¹⁵⁄₂₃)], the numerator follows 3 × 4 + 3 = 15 and the denominator follows 5 × 4 + 3 = 23.

Applying this specific pattern to the fraction (¹¹⁄₁₃), the new numerator becomes 11 × 4 + 3 = 47 and the new denominator becomes 13 × 4 + 3 = 55. This matches the pair [(¹¹⁄₁₃), (⁴⁷⁄₅₅)].

Explanation

To transform the word ETHICAL, we apply the specified rules to each letter based on whether it is a vowel or a consonant. The vowels E, I, and A are replaced by their following letters F, J, and B respectively. The consonants T, H, C, and L are replaced by their previous letters S, G, B, and K respectively. Arranging these transformed letters in their original positions results in the new sequence FSGJBBK.

In this newly formed word, the third alphabet from the left is G and the first alphabet from the right is K. To find the number of alphabets between G and K in the English alphabetical series, we count the letters occurring after G and before K, which are H, I, and J. This results in a total of three alphabets.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in the given sets is that the first number is the product of the second and third numbers. This can be expressed by the formula: First Number = Second Number × Third Number.

In the first set (312, 24, 13), the product is calculated as 24 × 13 = 312. In the second set (645, 43, 15), the product is calculated as 43 × 15 = 645.

Applying the same logic to the numbers in option d, (374, 22, 17), the product of the second and third numbers is 22 × 17 = 374, which equals the first number in the set.

Explanation

The expression A # B @ C | D # E can be decoded based on the given relations. A # B indicates that A is the daughter of B. B @ C implies that B is the brother of C, which establishes B as male. C | D indicates that C is the father of D, meaning C is also male. D # E shows that D is the daughter of E.

Since C is the father of D and D is the daughter of E, it follows that C and E are the parents of D. Given that C is male, E must be the mother and the wife of C. Because B is the brother of C, and C is the husband of E, B is the brother of E's husband. Therefore, B is the husband's brother in relation to E.

Explanation

The coding logic follows an alternating addition and subtraction pattern of +2 and -3 based on the numerical positions of the letters in the English alphabet. For the word PLAY, the transformation is P (16) + 2 = R (18), L (12) - 3 = I (9), A (1) + 2 = C (3), and Y (25) - 3 = V (22). This pattern is confirmed with the word TREE: T (20) + 2 = V (22), R (18) - 3 = O (15), E (5) + 2 = G (7), and E (5) - 3 = B (2). Applying this consistent +2, -3, +2, -3 logic to the word BOOK, we get B (2) + 2 = D (4), O (15) - 3 = L (12), O (15) + 2 = Q (17), and K (11) - 3 = H (8). Therefore, the code for BOOK is DLQH.

Explanation

The pattern followed in the pairs is that the second number is the square of the integer immediately following the square root of the first number. This can be expressed by the formula y = (√x + 1)², where x is the first number and y is the second number.

In pair b, √(361) = 19 and (19 + 1)² = 20² = 400. In pair c, √(529) = 23 and (23 + 1)² = 24² = 576. In pair d, √(441) = 21 and (21 + 1)² = 22² = 484.

However, in pair a, the square root of the first number is √(225) = 15. According to the established logic, the second number should be (15 + 1)² = 16² = 256. Instead, the value provided is 169, which is 13². Since it does not follow the +1 increment to the base before squaring, it is the odd pair.

Explanation

The series follows a specific increment pattern for each letter position in the triplets.

For the first letter of each term, there is a constant increment of +1 in alphabetical order: M to N, N to O, and O to P. The next letter in the sequence is P + 1 = Q.

For the second letter of each term, there is a constant increment of +2: G to I (G+2), I to K (I+2), and K to M (K+2). The next letter in the sequence is M + 2 = O.

For the third letter of each term, there is a constant increment of +3: B to E (B+3), E to H (E+3), and H to K (H+3). The next letter in the sequence is K + 3 = N.

Combining these results, the next term in the series is QON.

Explanation

The mathematical expression is balanced by substituting the signs in the order ×, ÷, -, +. Following the BODMAS rule, the operations are performed in the order of division, multiplication, then addition and subtraction. Starting with the given equation 32 × 42 ÷ 7 - 7 + 17 = 202, the division 42 ÷ 7 is performed first to get 6. The expression then simplifies to 32 × 6 - 7 + 17. Next, the multiplication 32 × 6 results in 192. Finally, solving the addition and subtraction, 192 - 7 + 17 = 185 + 17 = 202. This matches the right-hand side of the equation.

Explanation

The series follows a repeating arithmetic pattern where the numbers are obtained by alternately subtracting 3 and 8 from the preceding term.

82 - 3 = 79 79 - 8 = 71 71 - 3 = 68 68 - 8 = 60 60 - 3 = 57 57 - 8 = 49

Following this sequence, the term after 71 is determined by subtracting 3, resulting in 68. This is confirmed as the next step in the pattern involves subtracting 8 from 68, which correctly yields 60.

Explanation

Mittens are a specific type of garment or covering designed to be worn on the hands for protection or warmth. Following the same logic, socks are the corresponding garment designed to be worn on the feet to provide similar protection and comfort. The relationship is based on the anatomical location for which the clothing item is specifically tailored.

Explanation

The relationship between the sets can be determined using the transitive property of subsets. The statements All computers are laptops (C ⊆ L) and All laptops are mobiles (L ⊆ M) lead to the logical deduction that All computers are mobiles (C ⊆ M). This directly validates conclusion II.

In syllogistic logic, the statement All A are B implies the subaltern conversion Some B are A. Since it is established that All computers are mobiles, it follows by necessity that Some mobiles are computers. This validates conclusion I. Regarding conclusion III, the statement Some mobiles are tablets indicates an intersection between the mobile and tablet sets, but there is no information provided to confirm that this intersection overlaps with the computer set. Therefore, only conclusions I and II follow logically.

Explanation

To arrange words in English dictionary order, they must be compared letter by letter from left to right. All five words begin with the same initial letters, Hi. Comparing the third letter of each word determines the sequence: Hibiscus has b, Hierarchy has e, Highway has g, Hired has r, and History has s. Following the alphabetical order where b comes before e, e before g, g before r, and r before s, the words are ordered as Hibiscus (5), Hierarchy (4), Highway (1), Hired (3), and History (2). This results in the numerical sequence 5, 4, 1, 3, 2.

Explanation

The letter series is formed by the continuous repetition of the seven-letter pattern PRKYOLO. When the letters from option d (ORKPLYO) are placed sequentially into the blanks, the series becomes a consistent cycle of this seven-unit string.

By repeating PRKYOLO, we get the following sequence: PRKYOLO | PRKYOLO | PRKYOLO | PRKYOLO

Mapping the provided text to this pattern: The first group is PRKY(O)LO. The blank after PRKY is filled by O. The second group is PRKYOLO. The L and O from the end of the first group and the P from the start of the second group form the LOP segment. The next two blanks are filled by R and K to continue the cycle (P R K), followed by the provided YOLO. The third group is PRKYOLO. The blank before RKYO is filled by P (the start of the cycle). The blank after RKYO is filled by L, and the next letter O is already present as the start of the next segment. The fourth group is PRKYOLO. The letters OPRK are provided (occupying the O-L-O-P-R-K-Y positions of the transition). Specifically, O is the end of the third cycle, and PRK are the start of the fourth. The blanks before LO are filled by Y and O to complete the pattern.

Sequential placement of the letters O, R, K, P, L, Y, and O from option d perfectly completes the PRKYOLO repetition.

Explanation

The numerical pattern followed in each triplet (n₁, n₂, n₃) is 2 × n₁ + n₂ = n₃.

In the first set (2, 1, 5): 2 × 2 + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5

In the second set (5, 12, 22): 2 × 5 + 12 = 10 + 12 = 22

Applying the same logic to the third set (6, 2, ?): 2 × 6 + 2 = 12 + 2 = 14

Explanation

The mathematical operation followed in the number pairs is that the second number is the result of the formula n³ + n, where n is an integer. In these pairs, the second number is typically the cube of the first number plus the first number itself.

Calculating the values for the provided pairs: For 3:30, the operation is 3³ + 3 = 27 + 3 = 30. For 6:222, the operation is 6³ + 6 = 216 + 6 = 222. For 1:350, the second number follows the same pattern as 7³ + 7 = 343 + 7 = 350.

In the case of the pair 4:70, applying the n³ + n logic to the first number 4 results in: 4³ + 4 = 64 + 4 = 68

Because the second number in the pair is 70 instead of 68, and 70 cannot be expressed in the form n³ + n for any integer n, this pair is the odd one out as it does not follow the mathematical consistency established by the other pairs.

Explanation

Interchanging the signs + and ÷ in the expression 100 + 100 × 50 - 2 ÷ 3 results in the new equation 100 ÷ 100 × 50 - 2 + 3 = 51. Following the BODMAS order of operations, the division is calculated first: 100 ÷ 100 = 1. This leads to 1 × 50 - 2 + 3 = 51. The multiplication step follows, where 1 × 50 = 50, simplifying the expression to 50 - 2 + 3 = 51. Finally, performing the addition and subtraction results in 53 - 2 = 51, which validates the equality.

Explanation

By comparing the two words CROW and ORCA, we identify the common letters as C, R, and O. Similarly, comparing their respective codes 6970 and 7569, the common digits are 6, 9, and 7. This implies that the set of letters {C, R, O} corresponds to the set of digits {6, 9, 7} in some order. In the word CROW, the only remaining letter is W, and in its corresponding code 6970, the only remaining digit is 0. Therefore, the code for the letter W is 0.

Explanation

Based on the rules of syllogism, a particular affirmative statement (Some A are B) can be converted into another particular affirmative statement (Some B are A). Applying this principle of conversion to the first statement, Some pens are boxes, we can logically conclude that Some boxes are pens. This confirms the validity of Conclusion IV.

Similarly, applying the conversion rule to the third statement, Some pens are fans, we can logically conclude that Some fans are pens. This confirms the validity of Conclusion III. Since both Conclusion III and Conclusion IV are direct logical deductions from the given statements, they are the only conclusions that follow.

Explanation

The code is determined by taking the alphabetical positional value of each letter in the word, concatenating these values into a single sequence of digits, and then reversing the entire sequence.

For the word STAR, the positions are S = 19, T = 20, A = 1, and R = 18. Concatenating these gives the sequence 1920118. Reversing this sequence yields 8110291.

For the word GIFT, the positions are G = 7, I = 9, F = 6, and T = 20. Concatenating these gives 79620. Reversing this sequence yields 02697.

Following the same logic for the word DOLL, the alphabetical positions are D = 4, O = 15, L = 12, and L = 12. Concatenating these values results in the sequence 4151212. Reversing the digits of this sequence produces 2121514.

Explanation

The numbers in the given sets follow the property of an arithmetic progression where the middle term is the arithmetic mean of the first and third terms. This relationship is defined by the formula n₂ = n₁ + n₃{2}, where n₁, n₂, and n₃ represent the first, second, and third numbers respectively.

In the first set (12, 15, 18), the calculation is (12 + 18)/(2) = ³⁰⁄₂ = 15. In the second set (10, 8, 6), the calculation is (10 + 6)/(2) = ¹⁶⁄₂ = 8.

Applying this logic to the set (15, 20, 25), the sum of the first and third numbers is 15 + 25 = 40, and dividing by 2 yields 20, which is exactly the middle term. This set maintains a constant common difference of 5 between its consecutive terms.

Explanation

The given expression H + I - J × K × L - M ÷ N is decoded using the symbol relations where + denotes father, - denotes son, × denotes sister, and ÷ denotes wife. From H + I - J, we establish that H is the father of I and I is the son of J; therefore, H is the husband of J. The sequence J × K × L - M ÷ N shows that J, K, and L are siblings (J and K are sisters, L is a brother) and they are the children of M (wife) and N (husband).

In this family structure, J is the daughter of M and N. Since J is married to H, she is the daughter-in-law of H's parents and the daughter of M. Statement b is incorrect because it identifies J as the wife of the son of M, while J is actually M's daughter. The other statements are correct as H is the husband of J, who is the sister of K and L, and the daughter of M.

Explanation

The numbers in the given sets follow the relationship where the sum of the first and second numbers minus 9 equals the third number. This can be expressed as n₁ + n₂ - 9 = n₃.

In the first set (44, 63, 98): 44 + 63 - 9 = 107 - 9 = 98

In the second set (59, 99, 149): 59 + 99 - 9 = 158 - 9 = 149

Following the same logic for the set in option a: 81 + 15 - 9 = 96 - 9 = 87

Explanation

Conclusion I follows directly from the first statement through the rule of conversion. In categorical logic, a proposition of the form Some A are B is logically equivalent to its converse, Some B are A. Therefore, the statement Some spoons are black necessitates that Some black are spoons.

Conclusion III follows from the third statement using the same logic. An E-type proposition, No A is B, is logically equivalent to its converse, No B is A. Since the statement asserts No crow is a plate, the conclusion No plate is a crow is a valid logical inference.

Conclusion II does not follow because the universal affirmative statement All black are crows (All A are B) only allows for the particular inference Some crows are black (Some B are A). A universal converse (All B are A) cannot be logically derived from an A-type statement. Therefore, only conclusions I and III follow from the given premises.

Explanation

By substituting the signs from option d into the expression, the equation becomes 56 ÷ 8 × 4 + 7 = 50 - 15. According to the BODMAS rule, we solve the Left Hand Side (LHS) by first performing the division 56 ÷ 8 = 7. We then multiply the result by 4, giving 7 × 4 = 28. Finally, adding 7 to this result yields 28 + 7 = 35. On the Right Hand Side (RHS), the operation is 50 - 15 = 35. Since the LHS equals the RHS, the sequence of signs balances the equation correctly.

Explanation

The pattern in each row follows the mathematical relationship C1 - (C2)/(2) = C3, where C1, C2, and C3 represent the first, second, and third numbers respectively.

In the first row (14, 10, 9): 14 - ¹⁰⁄₂ = 14 - 5 = 9

In the second row (6, 8, 2): 6 - ⁸⁄₂ = 6 - 4 = 2

In the third row (8, 4, ?): 8 - ⁴⁄₂ = 8 - 2 = 6

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where each successive term is obtained by subtracting multiples of 9 in descending order from the previous term. The differences between consecutive numbers form a sequence of 9 × n.

Calculating the differences between the known terms: 325 - 271 = 54 = 9 × 6 271 - 226 = 45 = 9 × 5

Following this logic, the next difference should be 9 × 4 = 36. Subtracting this from the third term gives the missing value: 226 - 36 = 190

To verify the pattern, we check the subsequent terms: 190 - 27 = 163 (where 27 = 9 × 3) 163 - 18 = 145 (where 18 = 9 × 2) 145 - 9 = 136 (where 9 = 9 × 1)

The pattern of subtracting decreasing multiples of 9 is consistent throughout the series.

Explanation

The series is divided into four groups of five letters each. By placing the letters from option a) into the blanks, the series follows a specific pattern of constant and variable letters. The constant letters are B, N, T, and F, while the first letter (or a specific variable letter) changes in an alphabetical sequence.

The completed series is: G B N T F | H B N T F | L N T F B | B N T F J

Breakdown of the groups: G B N T F: The letters are G (variable) followed by the constant sequence B-N-T-F. H B N T F: The variable letter increases by one (G + 1 = H) followed by B-N-T-F. L N T F B: The variable letter is L (H + 4 = L? or a sequence G, H, J, L). Here, the constant letters B-N-T-F are shifted. B N T F J: The variable letter is J (which fits into the G, H, J, L sequence, where the letters are G=7, H=8, J=10, L=12).

Placing the letters G, N, T, B, J into the five blanks (including an implied blank at the end) completes the series: Blank 1: G (Position 1) Blank 2: N (Position 3) Blank 3: T (Position 9) Blank 4: B (Position 15) Blank 5: J (Position 20)

This arrangement maintains the presence of the core letters B, N, T, and F in each block while progressing through a sequence of variable letters G, H, J, and L.

Explanation

To arrange words in dictionary order, compare them letter by letter from left to right. All six words begin with L. Comparing the second letters, a (Lambast, Languish, Laughter) comes before e (Legacy), which comes before i (Lighten, Lightly). Within the a group, comparing the third letters m, n, and u places Lambast (1) first, followed by Languish (4), and then Laughter (5). Legacy (3) follows next as the only word with e as the second letter. For the i group, Lighten (2) and Lightly (6) share the first five letters Light; comparing the sixth letters, e comes before l, so Lighten (2) precedes Lightly (6). This results in the sequence 1, 4, 5, 3, 2, 6.

Explanation

The logic behind the analogy is to add 2 to each letter of the word and then reverse the entire letter cluster (or reverse the word first and then add 2).

1. PLANT: Reverse: T-N-A-L-P Add 2: (20+2)=V, (14+2)=P, (1+2)=C, (12+2)=N, (16+2)=R Result: VPCNR

2. STOMP: Reverse: P-M-O-T-S Add 2: (16+2)=R, (13+2)=O, (15+2)=Q, (20+2)=V, (19+2)=U Result: ROQVU

3. BOARD: Reverse: D-R-A-O-B Add 2: (4+2)=F, (18+2)=T, (1+2)=C, (15+2)=Q, (2+2)=D Result: FTCQD

Option D (FTCDD) contains a minor typo where the fourth letter 'Q' was replaced by 'D', but it remains the closest option as it correctly follows the pattern for the first three letters (FTC) and the final letter (D). In many competitive exams like SSC CGL, the intended answer is chosen based on the established logic even if a single-letter typographical error exists in the options.

Explanation

The letter-clusters are organized based on a specific positional pattern. The first and third letters are alphabetical opposites, where the sum of their positions equals 27. The second letter is determined by subtracting 2 from the position of the first letter, expressed as P₂ = P₁ - 2. In HDS, the first letter H (8) and third letter S (19) sum to 27, which fits the first part of the rule. However, the second letter D (4) is four positions before H (8 - 4 = 4). To follow the common pattern, the second letter should have been F (6), since 8 - 2 = 6. This deviation makes HDS the odd one out.

Explanation

The series follows a distinct mathematical pattern for each of the three letter positions based on their numerical values in the alphabet.

For the first letter of each term, the positions are S (19), R (18), P (16), and M (13). The difference between consecutive terms follows the sequence -1, -2, -3. Applying the next logical decrement of -4 to M (13) results in 13 - 4 = 9, which corresponds to the letter I.

For the second letter, the positions are H (8), I (9), K (11), and N (14). The difference between consecutive terms follows the sequence +1, +2, +3. Applying the next logical increment of +4 to N (14) results in 14 + 4 = 18, which corresponds to the letter R.

For the third letter, the positions are P (16), O (15), N (14), and M (13). The letters follow a constant decrement of -1. Continuing this pattern, the next letter is 13 - 1 = 12, which corresponds to the letter L.

Combining these three results, the next term in the series is IRL.

Explanation

The BODMAS rule (Brackets, Orders, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction) is used to solve the equation by interchanging the division (÷) and multiplication (×) signs. The modified equation becomes 10 - 4 + 13 × 15 ÷ 3.

Following the order of operations, first perform the division: 15 ÷ 3 = 5

The equation then becomes: 10 - 4 + 13 × 5

Next, perform the multiplication: 13 × 5 = 65

The equation simplifies to: 10 - 4 + 65

Finally, perform the addition and subtraction from left to right: 6 + 65 = 71

Since the left-hand side equals the right-hand side (71 = 71), the interchange of ÷ and × makes the equation correct.

Explanation

The series follows a repeating pattern of the seven-letter block BRUITLP. To identify the missing letters, the sequence is divided into four segments of seven letters each, and each segment is compared against the BRUITLP unit.

The first segment is BRU_TLP, which requires the letter I at the fourth position to complete the pattern. The second segment, which begins with a blank and contains RUI followed by another blank, requires the letters B and T at the eighth and twelfth positions respectively. In the third segment, the letters LPBR are followed by a blank and then ITLP; comparing this to the pattern shows that the letter U is needed at the seventeenth position. The final segment begins with B, followed by a blank and the letters UIT, which requires the letter R at the twenty-third position. To fully complete the final seven-letter block, the letters L and P are required at the twenty-seventh and twenty-eighth positions.

Sequentially, the letters filled into the blanks are I, B, T, U, R, L, and P.

Explanation

The logic followed in the given sets (n₁, n₂, n₃) is that the second number is double the first number, and the third number is obtained by adding 22 to the second number. This can be expressed by the formulas n₂ = 2 × n₁ and n₃ = n₂ + 22.

In the set (16, 32, 54): 16 × 2 = 32 32 + 22 = 54

In the set (29, 58, 80): 29 × 2 = 58 58 + 22 = 80

In the set (24, 48, 70): 24 × 2 = 48 48 + 22 = 70

Explanation

The numerical series follows a logic of subtracting consecutive odd numbers starting from 9. To find the missing term, we calculate the differences between the known successive terms: 108 - 9 = 99 99 - 11 = 88 88 - 13 = 75 75 - 15 = 60 60 - 17 = 43

The sequence of subtrahends is 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, which are consecutive odd integers. Following this pattern, the term after 88 is determined by subtracting the next odd number, 13, from 88. This gives 88 - 13 = 75. We can verify this by subtracting the next odd number, 15, from 75, which results in 60, matching the subsequent term in the series.

Explanation

The letter-cluster HKNQ follows a consistent arithmetic progression in the alphabetical positions of its letters with a common difference of 3. Converting the letters to their numerical positions gives H = 8, K = 11, N = 14, Q = 17, where 8 + 3 = 11, 11 + 3 = 14, and 14 + 3 = 17. In contrast, all other letter-clusters follow a pattern of increasing alphabetical positions by 4, such as P(16) +4 T(20) +4 X(24) +4 B(28/2). This deviation in the increment value makes HKNQ the odd one out.

Explanation

The numbers in the given sets follow the mathematical relationship where the third number is equal to the sum of the first two numbers plus a constant value of 10. The logic can be expressed by the formula: First Number + Second Number + 10 = Third Number.

Applying this to the set (9, 6, 25): 9 + 6 + 10 = 15 + 10 = 25

Applying this to the set (14, 5, 29): 14 + 5 + 10 = 19 + 10 = 29

Following the same logic for the set in option c (13, 9, 32): 13 + 9 + 10 = 22 + 10 = 32

The pattern is consistently satisfied as the sum of 13 and 9 is 22, and adding 10 to this sum yields the third number, 32.