SSC CGL Tier 1 2019 General Awareness Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The Sun is primarily composed of the chemical elements hydrogen and helium. By mass, hydrogen accounts for approximately 73.46% of the Sun, which aligns with the figure of about 70% commonly cited in general science. Hydrogen serves as the fundamental fuel for the Sun's energy production. In the solar core, intense pressure and temperature trigger nuclear fusion, where hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium. This process, specifically the proton-proton chain reaction, releases the vast amounts of energy that provide light and heat to the solar system. The high abundance of hydrogen is characteristic of a star in its main-sequence stage of stellar evolution.

Explanation

The English Teacher is a novel written by R. K. Narayan and was first published in 1945. It is the final installment of a trilogy that began with Swami and Friends and continued with The Bachelor of Arts. The book is highly autobiographical, as it is dedicated to Narayan's wife, Rajam, and captures the intense personal grief the author experienced after her death. Set in the fictional South Indian town of Malgudi, the story follows Krishna, an English teacher at Albert Mission College, as he navigates his professional life and the profound domestic transition from happiness to loss and spiritual awakening.

Explanation

Paristan Lake is recognized as the highest altitude lake in Pakistan, situated at an elevation of approximately 4,755 meters (15,641 feet) above sea level. Located in the Skardu District of Gilgit-Baltistan within the Karakoram mountain range, this alpine lake was identified by mountaineers in late 2018. Its extreme elevation and remote location in the high-altitude wilderness of the Karakorams make it the highest recorded body of water in the country. The lake is fed by glacial melt and remains frozen for a significant portion of the year due to the sub-zero temperatures at such heights.

Explanation

The Prime Lending Rate is the benchmark interest rate that commercial banks charge their most creditworthy and stable customers, typically large corporations with excellent credit ratings. Because these borrowers pose the lowest risk of default, they are offered the most favorable lending terms. The Prime Lending Rate serves as a foundational rate from which banks derive interest rates for other types of loans by adding a risk premium based on the borrower's credit profile and the nature of the loan. This rate is influenced by the central bank's monetary policy and the overall cost of funds for the banking institution.

Explanation

Rajendra Chola I, who ruled from 1014 to 1044 CE, assumed the title Gangaikondachola to commemorate his successful military expedition to North India. Around 1023 CE, his forces reached the banks of the river Ganga after defeating several kingdoms, including the Pala ruler Mahipala. To celebrate this landmark achievement, he established a new capital city named Gangaikondacholapuram in present-day Tamil Nadu. He also constructed a magnificent Shiva temple there and created a vast reservoir called Chola Gangam, which was filled with water brought from the Ganges as a symbol of his victory and the expansion of Chola influence into northern territories.

Explanation

The 2013 film Kai Po Che is a cinematic adaptation of the novel The 3 Mistakes of My Life authored by Chetan Bhagat. For the film version, Bhagat served as one of the four screenplay writers, collaborating with director Abhishek Kapoor, Pubali Chaudhuri, and Supratik Sen. This writing team won the Filmfare Award for Best Screenplay for their work on the movie. The story follows three friends in Gujarat and incorporates significant historical events of the early 2000s, reflecting the themes present in Bhagat original literary work.

Explanation

Vidarbha won their maiden Ranji Trophy title by defeating Delhi in the final of the 2017-18 season. The final match was held at the Holkar Stadium in Indore, where Vidarbha secured a nine-wicket victory. Rajneesh Gurbani played a pivotal role for the winning side by taking a hat-trick in the final, becoming only the second bowler to achieve this feat in a Ranji Trophy final. Under the captaincy of Faiz Fazal and the guidance of coach Chandrakant Pandit, the team remained unbeaten throughout the tournament to clinch the prestigious domestic cricket trophy for the first time in their history.

Explanation

Leander Paes created history in April 2018 by becoming the most successful doubles player in Davis Cup history. During India's Asia-Oceania Group I tie against China in Tianjin, Paes recorded his 43rd doubles victory in the competition while partnering with Rohan Bopanna. This win allowed him to surpass the long-standing record of 42 doubles wins previously held by Italian tennis legend Nicola Pietrangeli. Paes achieved this milestone in his 56th Davis Cup tie, further cementing his legacy in a career that spanned nearly three decades of representing India in the prestigious international team event.

Explanation

According to the divisibility rule for 11, a number is divisible by 11 if the difference between the sum of the digits at odd positions and the sum of the digits at even positions is either 0 or a multiple of 11. For the seven-digit number 46393x8, we identify the digits at odd and even positions starting from the left.

The sum of digits at odd positions (1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th) is calculated as S₁ = 4 + 3 + 3 + 8 = 18. The sum of digits at even positions (2nd, 4th, and 6th) is calculated as S₂ = 6 + 9 + x = 15 + x. To satisfy the condition for divisibility by 11, the difference S₁ - S₂ must be equal to 0 or a multiple of 11. Setting the difference to 0, we get the equation 18 - (15 + x) = 0. Simplifying this expression yields 3 - x = 0, which results in x = 3. Since x must be a single-digit integer between 0 and 9, this value satisfies the required criterion for the entire number to be divisible by 11.

Explanation

To find the continuous ratio a:b:c, we must equate the value of the common term b in both given ratios. The given ratios are a:b = 5:8 and c:b = 4:3. Reversing the second ratio gives b:c = 3:4. The values of b in the two ratios are 8 and 3, respectively. The Least Common Multiple (LCM) of 8 and 3 is 24.

Multiplying the terms of the first ratio a:b by 3, we get a:b = (5 × 3) : (8 × 3) = 15:24. Multiplying the terms of the second ratio b:c by 8, we get b:c = (3 × 8) : (4 × 8) = 24:32.

Since the value of b is now consistent across both expressions, the combined ratio is a:b:c = 15:24:32.

Explanation

In △ ABC, the area of a triangle with a constant altitude from a vertex is directly proportional to the length of its base. Given that point P lies on BC such that BP:PC = 1:2, the length of segment BP is ¹⁄₁₊₂ or ⅓ of the total length of BC. Since Q is the midpoint of BP, the length of segment BQ is half of BP, which is ½ × ⅓ BC = ⅙ BC. Because △ ABQ and △ ABC share the same altitude from vertex A to the base line BC, the ratio of their areas is equal to the ratio of their bases. Thus, ar(△ ABQ) : ar(△ ABC) = BQ : BC = ⅙ BC : BC = 1:6.

Explanation

The difference between compound interest (CI) and simple interest (SI) for a duration of 2 years is determined by the formula D = P × (R/100)², where D is the difference, P is the principal, and R is the rate of interest per annum.

Given the difference D = 18, the principal P = x, and the rate R = 12%, we substitute these values into the formula: 18 = x × (12/100)²

Simplifying the term in the parentheses: 18 = x × (3/25)² 18 = x × (9/625)

To find the value of x, we rearrange the equation: x = (18 × 625) / 9 x = 2 × 625 x = 1250

Explanation

The algebraic identity for the expression is a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = (a + b + c)(a² + b² + c² - (ab + bc + ca)). To solve this efficiently, use the variation of the identity that relies only on the given sums: a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = (a + b + c)((a + b + c)² - 3(ab + bc + ca))

Substitute the provided values a + b + c = 4 and ab + bc + ca = 2 into the formula: a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = 4 × (4² - 3(2)) a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = 4 × (16 - 6) a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = 4 × 10 = 40

Alternatively, find a² + b² + c² first using the identity (a + b + c)² = a² + b² + c² + 2(ab + bc + ca). Substituting the values gives 16 = a² + b² + c² + 4, so a² + b² + c² = 12. Plugging this into the primary identity results in 4(12 - 2) = 40.

Explanation

Let the efficiency of B be 10 units/day. Since A is 50% more efficient than B, A's efficiency is 1.5 × 10 = 15 units/day. Since C is 40% less efficient than B, C's efficiency is 0.6 × 10 = 6 units/day. The ratio of efficiencies A : B : C is 15 : 10 : 6.

Total efficiency when A, B, and C work together is 15 + 10 + 6 = 31 units/day. The total work completed in 10 days is: Total Work = 31 × 10 = 310 units

The task A needs to complete is 150% of the original work: New Task = 1.5 × 310 = 465 units

The time taken by A alone to complete this task is calculated by dividing the new task by A's efficiency: Time = 465 / 15 = 31 days

Explanation

Ethyl acetate is an ester with the chemical formula CH₃COOCH₂CH₃. Esters are a class of organic compounds formed through the reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid, a process known as esterification. These compounds are highly volatile and are widely recognized for their distinct, pleasant, and sweet fruity aromas. Ethyl acetate specifically possesses a characteristic scent often described as being similar to pear drops or certain fruits. Due to this property, it is extensively used as a flavoring agent in the food industry, a fragrance ingredient in perfumes, and a solvent in various consumer products like nail polish removers. Many naturally occurring esters are responsible for the specific fragrances found in fruits and flowers.

Explanation

The number of students studying science in college A is 620 and in college B is 680. The total number of science students in colleges A and B together is 620 + 680 = 1300. The number of students studying commerce in college D is 520 and in college E is 330. The total number of commerce students in colleges D and E together is 520 + 330 = 850. To find the required ratio, we compare these two sums:

Ratio = 1300 : 850

Dividing both terms by 10 gives 130 : 85. Further dividing both terms by their common factor 5 results in:

130 / 5 = 26 85 / 5 = 17

The simplified ratio is 26:17.

Explanation

The trigonometric identity sin A = cos B holds true when the sum of the angles A + B = 90°, based on the co-function relation sin A = cos (90° - A). Given the equation sin 5θ = cos (50° - 3θ), we set the sum of the arguments to 90°:

5θ + (50° - 3θ) = 90°

Simplifying the equation by combining the terms involving θ:

2θ + 50° = 90°

Subtracting 50° from both sides yields:

2θ = 40°

Dividing both sides by 2 results in:

θ = 20°

Explanation

In the given circle with diameter AB, the angle subtended by the diameter at any point on the circumference is a right angle. Therefore, ∠ ACB = 90°. In △ ABC, the sum of internal angles is 180°, so ∠ ABC = 180° - (∠ ACB + ∠ BAC) = 180° - (90° + 24°) = 66°.

Since ABCD is a trapezium inscribed in a circle, it must be a cyclic trapezium. Any cyclic trapezium is an isosceles trapezium, which means the angles adjacent to the parallel bases are equal. With AB ∥ CD, the base angles are equal, so ∠ DAB = ∠ ABC = 66°. The angle ∠ DAB is composed of ∠ CAD and ∠ BAC, thus ∠ CAD = ∠ DAB - ∠ BAC = 66° - 24° = 42°.

Explanation

The relationship between expenditure, price, and consumption is given by the formula Expenditure = Price × Consumption. Let the initial price and consumption be 100 units each, making the initial expenditure 10,000.

After the price increase of 21%, the new price becomes 121. Since the person wants to increase the expenditure by only 12%, the new expenditure becomes 11,200. Let the new consumption be C. Substituting these values into the formula gives 11,200 = 121 × C.

Solving for the new consumption, C = (11,200)/(121) ≈ 92.56. The reduction in consumption is 100 - 92.56 = 7.44. To express this as a percentage reduction relative to the original consumption of 100, we calculate (7.44)/(100) × 100 = 7.44%. Rounded to one decimal place, the required reduction in consumption is 7.4%.

Explanation

According to the Intersecting Chords Theorem, if two chords AB and CD of a circle intersect at a point P inside the circle, the product of the segments of one chord is equal to the product of the segments of the other chord. The relationship is given by the formula AP × PB = CP × PD.

The length of chord AB is given as 7 cm and the segment AP is 4 cm. Therefore, the length of the other segment PB = AB - AP = 7 - 4 = 3 cm. The length of segment PC is given as 2 cm. Substituting these values into the theorem equation:

4 × 3 = 2 × PD 12 = 2 × PD PD = 6 cm

The total length of chord CD is the sum of its segments CP and PD. Thus, CD = CP + PD = 2 + 6 = 8 cm.

Explanation

The stoppage time per hour is determined by calculating how much time is lost due to the reduction in average speed. This can be solved directly using the formula: Stoppage time per hour = (Speed without stoppage - Speed with stoppage)/(Speed without stoppage) × 60 minutes

Substituting the given values into the formula: Stoppage time = (80 - 72)/(80) × 60 Stoppage time = ⁸⁄₈₀ × 60 Stoppage time = ⅒ × 60 = 6 minutes

Alternatively, in one hour of travel with stops, the train covers 72 km. Without stops, the train would have covered 80 km in the same hour. The 8 km deficit is due to the time spent at stoppages. The time taken to cover 8 km at the non-stop speed of 80 km/h is ⁸⁄₈₀ hours, which simplifies to 0.1 hours or 6 minutes.

Explanation

The total number of students studying in college C is the sum of students in all three streams, which is 320 (Arts) + 540 (Science) + 350 (Commerce) = 1210.

To find the percentage of students in the science stream, use the formula: Percentage = (Number of Science students in College C)/(Total students in College C) × 100

Substituting the values: Percentage = ⁵⁴⁰⁄₁₂₁₀ × 100 Percentage = ⁵⁴⁰⁰⁄₁₂₁ ≈ 44.628%

Rounding 44.628% to the nearest whole number gives approximately 45%.

Explanation

The volume V of a frustum of a cone with height h and radii of the two circular faces R and r is calculated using the formula V = ⅓ π h (R² + r² + Rr). Given the height h = 14 cm, the radii R = 5 cm and r = 2 cm, and using π = ²²⁄₇, the calculation is as follows:

V = ⅓ × ²²⁄₇ × 14 × (5² + 2² + 5 × 2)

V = ⅓ × 22 × 2 × (25 + 4 + 10)

V = ⅓ × 44 × 39

V = 44 × 13

V = 572 cm³

Explanation

According to the property of similar triangles, the ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the square of the ratio of their corresponding sides. For △ ABC ∼ △ QPR, the correspondence of vertices is A ↔ Q, B ↔ P, and C ↔ R. Therefore, the side AC corresponds to the side QR.

The relationship is given by:

(ar(△ ABC))/(ar(△ QPR)) = ((AC)/(QR))²

Substituting the given values into the formula:

¹⁶⁄₂₅ = ((6)/(RQ))²

Taking the square root of both sides of the equation:

⅘ = (6)/(RQ)

By cross-multiplication:

4 × RQ = 6 × 5

4 × RQ = 30

RQ = ³⁰⁄₄ = 7.5 cm

Explanation

The 2019 Special Olympics World Summer Games were held in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, from March 14 to March 21, 2019. The official inauguration took place during the opening ceremony on March 14, 2019, at the Zayed Sports City Stadium. This event was significant as it marked the first time the Special Olympics World Games were hosted in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The Games featured approximately 7,500 athletes representing more than 190 countries competing in 24 different Olympic-style sports.

Explanation

To find the average number of students in the Arts stream, calculate the total sum of students in this stream across all five colleges and divide by the total number of colleges.

Total students in Arts = 580 + 460 + 320 + 470 + 370 = 2200

Number of colleges = 5

Average = ²²⁰⁰⁄₅ = 440

Explanation

The expression is evaluated using the BODMAS rule, which dictates the order of operations: Brackets, Orders, Division and Multiplication (left to right), and Addition and Subtraction (left to right).

First, solve the expression inside the bracket: (7.4 ÷ 3.7 × 5) = (2 × 5) = 10

Next, substitute this value back into the original expression: 5.8 + 10 - 6 × 2 ÷ 2.5

According to the order of operations, perform the division and multiplication from left to right. First, divide 2 by 2.5: 2 ÷ 2.5 = 0.8

Then, multiply by 6: 6 × 0.8 = 4.8

Now, the expression is simplified to: 5.8 + 10 - 4.8

Finally, perform the addition and subtraction: 15.8 - 4.8 = 11

Explanation

The relationship between the marked price MP and the selling price SP after two successive discounts d₁ and d₂ is given by the formula SP = MP × (1 - (d₁)/(100)) × (1 - (d₂)/(100)). Substituting the given values d₁ = 25, d₂ = 15, and SP = 535.50:

535.50 = MP × (1 - ²⁵⁄₁₀₀) × (1 - ¹⁵⁄₁₀₀) 535.50 = MP × ⁷⁵⁄₁₀₀ × ⁸⁵⁄₁₀₀ 535.50 = MP × ¾ × ¹⁷⁄₂₀ 535.50 = MP × ⁵¹⁄₈₀

To find MP, rearrange the equation: MP = (535.50 × 80)/(51) MP = ⁴²⁸⁴⁰⁄₅₁ MP = 840

Thus, the marked price of the article is ₹840.

Explanation

The average marks of the whole class can be determined using the weighted average formula, where the percentages of girls and boys serve as the weights. Since girls constitute 46% of the class, the boys constitute the remaining 54%.

Weighted Average = ((Percentage of girls × Average of girls) + (Percentage of boys × Average of boys))/(100)

Substituting the given values into the formula:

Average = ((46 × 62) + (54 × 58))/(100)

Average = (2852 + 3132)/(100)

Average = ⁵⁹⁸⁴⁄₁₀₀ = 59.84

Alternatively, using the deviation method with 58 as the assumed base average, the girls' average is 4 marks higher than the base. Multiplying this deviation by the weight of the girls gives the total adjustment: 4 × 0.46 = 1.84. Adding this to the base average yields 58 + 1.84 = 59.84.

Explanation

The total number of students in the commerce stream across all five colleges is calculated by summing the values for each college: Total Commerce Students = 480 + 520 + 350 + 520 + 330 = 2200

The central angle for a specific sector in a pie chart is given by the formula: Central Angle = ( (Value of the component)/(Total value) ) × 360°

For college D, the number of commerce students is 520. Substituting the values into the formula: Central Angle for D = ( ⁵²⁰⁄₂₂₀₀ ) × 360° Central Angle for D = ( ⁵²⁄₂₂₀ ) × 360° = ( ¹³⁄₅₅ ) × 360° Central Angle for D = (13 × 72)/(11) = ⁹³⁶⁄₁₁ ≈ 85.09°

Rounding to the nearest degree, the central angle is 85 degrees.

Explanation

The cost price CP of an article can be found using the formula CP = (SP)/(1 ± r){100}, where SP is the selling price and r is the gain or loss percentage.

For the first article sold at a 14% gain: CP₁ = (2508)/(1 + 14){100} = (2508)/(1.14) = 2200

For the second article sold at a 12% loss: CP₂ = (2508)/(1 - 12){100} = (2508)/(0.88) = 2850

Total Cost Price = 2200 + 2850 = 5050 Total Selling Price = 2508 × 2 = 5016

Since total cost exceeds total selling price, there is a loss: Loss Amount = 5050 - 5016 = 34 Loss Percentage = ³⁴⁄₅₀₅₀ × 100 = ³⁴⁰⁄₅₀₅ ≈ 0.673%

Rounding to the nearest one decimal place, the overall loss is 0.7%.

Explanation

Chandragupta I, the first major ruler of the Gupta Dynasty, significantly elevated his political status and expanded his territorial influence through a strategic matrimonial alliance with the Lichhavis. By marrying the Lichhavi princess Kumaradevi, he gained control over the strategically important city of Pataliputra, which served as a vital power center in the Magadha region. This alliance provided the Gupta family with the legitimacy and resources needed to transform their kingdom into an empire, eventually allowing Chandragupta I to adopt the imperial title of Maharajadhiraja. Pataliputra subsequently became the capital from which the Guptas consolidated their rule over Northern India.

Explanation

In March 2019, the Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) and various social media platforms, including Facebook, Google, Twitter, and WhatsApp, presented a Voluntary Code of Ethics for the General Election 2019 to the Election Commission of India. This code was developed to ensure the free, fair, and ethical use of social media platforms during the elections and to prevent the spread of misinformation or the misuse of digital tools for electoral interference. It established a framework for platforms to voluntarily take measures such as increasing transparency in political advertisements, deploying dedicated grievance cells, and facilitating a fast-track reporting mechanism for the Commission to flag content violating electoral laws under Section 126 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951.

Explanation

A number is divisible by 72 if it is simultaneously divisible by 8 and 9, which are coprime factors of 72. According to the divisibility rule for 8, the last three digits of the number, 31y, must be divisible by 8. Testing the values in the range 310 to 319, we find that 312 ÷ 8 = 39, which means y = 2.

Next, for the number to be divisible by 9, the sum of its digits must be divisible by 9. The sum of the digits is 7 + 8 + 9 + x + 5 + 3 + 1 + y, which simplifies to 33 + x + y. Substituting the value y = 2, the expression becomes 33 + x + 2 = 35 + x. The smallest non-negative integer x that makes this sum a multiple of 9 is x = 1, as 35 + 1 = 36, which is 9 × 4.

Using the values x = 1 and y = 2, we calculate the required value: 5x - 3y = 5(1) - 3(2) 5x - 3y = 5 - 6 = -1

Explanation

Sodium carbonate, commonly known as soda ash (Na₂CO₃), is the primary chemical component by weight in most detergent powders. It functions as a builder, which is critical for softening hard water by precipitating calcium and magnesium ions that would otherwise interfere with the cleaning action of surfactants. Additionally, it provides the necessary alkalinity to neutralize acidic soils and enhance the emulsification of fats and oils. By maintaining a high pH level during the wash cycle, sodium carbonate ensures that the surfactants can work effectively to remove dirt from fabrics.

Explanation

In market equilibrium analysis, the equilibrium price is determined by the intersection of the demand and supply curves. A decrease in demand shifts the demand curve to the left, indicating that consumers are willing to buy less at every price level, which creates downward pressure on the price. Conversely, an increase in supply shifts the supply curve to the right, indicating that producers are willing to offer more at every price level, which also leads to a reduction in price due to the resulting surplus. Because both changes exert a downward force on the price, the net result is an unambiguous decrease in the equilibrium price. The magnitude of the fall depends on the relative shifts of the curves, but the direction of the price change remains constant regardless of which shift is larger.

Explanation

Phloem is a specialized complex permanent tissue in vascular plants responsible for the translocation of organic nutrients, primarily in the form of sucrose. It facilitates the movement of these photosynthates from the leaves, where they are produced during photosynthesis, to other parts of the plant such as the roots, stems, and storage organs. Unlike the unidirectional flow of water in other vascular tissues, the transport in phloem is multidirectional, allowing the plant to distribute energy to wherever growth or storage is occurring. The primary conducting elements of the phloem are the sieve tube members, which work in close association with companion cells to maintain the pressure gradients necessary for the efficient flow of food materials throughout the plant body.

Explanation

Let the initial expenditure E be 100. Since the income I is 20% more than the expenditure, I = 120. The initial savings S is the difference between income and expenditure, so S = 120 - 100 = 20.

After the increases, the new income I' becomes 120 × (1 + 0.60) = 192. The new expenditure E' becomes 100 × (1 + 0.70) = 170. The new savings S' is calculated as S' = I' - E' = 192 - 170 = 22.

To find the percentage change in savings, we use the formula (S' - S)/(S) × 100. Substituting the values, we get (22 - 20)/(20) × 100 = ²⁄₂₀ × 100 = 10%. Since the result is positive, the savings increase by 10%.

Explanation

The Nyishi are the largest ethnic group in Arunachal Pradesh, predominantly inhabiting the districts of Papum Pare, East Kameng, Lower Subansiri, Kurung Kumey, Kra Daadi, and Kamle. They speak the Nyishi language, which belongs to the Tibeto-Burman family. A significant aspect of their cultural identity is the celebration of the Nyokum festival, an annual agricultural event held in February to seek blessings for a bountiful harvest and the collective prosperity of the community. Traditionally, Nyishi men are recognized by their distinctive headgear, known as bopia, which was historically embellished with the beak of the Great Indian Hornbill.

Explanation

The Battles of Kohima and Imphal were the decisive turning points of the Burma Campaign during World War II, taking place between March and July 1944. These engagements began when the Imperial Japanese Army launched Operation U-Go, a major offensive intended to invade British India, capture the logistics base at Imphal, and sever the supply lines to Allied forces. The Battle of Kohima is often referred to as the Stalingrad of the East due to the intensity of the close-quarters fighting on Garrison Hill. The Allied victory in these battles during 1944 successfully repelled the Japanese invasion of India and shifted the momentum of the conflict in Southeast Asia, leading to the eventual collapse of Japanese positions in Burma.

Explanation

Article 153 of the Constitution of India expressly provides that there shall be a Governor for each State. This article establishes the office of the Governor as the constitutional head of the executive branch at the state level. While the 7th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1956 amended this article to allow for the appointment of the same person as Governor for two or more states, the fundamental requirement for every state to have a Governor remains rooted in this specific constitutional provision.

Explanation

Sai Praneeth finished as the runner-up in the men's singles category at the 2019 Swiss Open, a BWF World Tour Super 300 tournament held in Basel. In the final match, he faced the world number two and top seed, Shi Yuqi of China. Despite a strong start where he won the first game, Praneeth eventually lost the match with a score of 19-21, 21-18, 21-12. This achievement made him the first Indian male shuttler to reach the final of the Swiss Open since 2015.

Explanation

The Lok Sabha is referred to as the popular chamber because its members are directly elected by the people of India through general elections based on universal adult suffrage. As the lower house of the Parliament, it serves as the representative body of the collective will of the citizens. The democratic legitimacy of the Lok Sabha is derived from this direct mandate, and the Union Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to this house, ensuring that the government remains accountable to the representatives of the people.

Explanation

The Dolphin Kick is a powerful underwater propulsion technique used in swimming where the legs are kept together and moved in a synchronized, undulating up-and-down motion, mimicking the movement of a dolphin's tail. This technique is the primary kick used in the butterfly stroke and is also extensively employed by swimmers during the underwater phase immediately following starts and turns in freestyle, backstroke, and butterfly events to maintain maximum velocity. It is considered one of the fastest and most efficient ways to move through water because it utilizes the core and large muscle groups of the legs while minimizing frontal drag.

Explanation

Ravi Shastri became the first Indian batsman to hit six sixes in a single over in first-class cricket during a Ranji Trophy match between Bombay and Baroda in January 1985. Playing at the Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai, Shastri achieved this milestone against the bowling of left-arm spinner Tilak Raj. This feat made him only the second player in the history of first-class cricket to hit six consecutive sixes in an over, following Sir Garfield Sobers, who had first achieved the mark in 1968. During this historic innings, Shastri also set a record for the fastest double century in first-class cricket, reaching the mark in just 113 minutes.

Explanation

The United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 20th March as the International Day of Happiness through resolution 66/281, which was adopted on 28 June 2012. This initiative was championed by Bhutan, a country that has prioritized the value of Gross National Happiness over Gross Domestic Product since the 1970s. The first ever International Day of Happiness was celebrated in 2013. The day serves to recognize that happiness and well-being are universal goals and aspirations in the lives of human beings around the world. It also highlights the need for a more inclusive, equitable, and balanced approach to economic growth that promotes sustainable development, poverty eradication, and the overall happiness of all peoples.

Explanation

Dashain is the most significant and longest Hindu festival celebrated in Nepal. Spanning fifteen days, it commemorates the victory of Goddess Durga over the demon Mahishasura, symbolizing the triumph of good over evil. The festival involves numerous rituals, such as the sowing of barley seeds on Ghatasthapana and the offering of sacrifices to the goddess. The most auspicious day is Vijaya Dashami, during which family members gather to receive Tika and Jamara from their elders as a blessing for health and prosperity. It is a period of grand national celebration marked by family reunions, the flying of kites, and traditional swings.

Explanation

Kalsubai Shikhar is the highest mountain peak in Maharashtra, reaching an elevation of 1,646 meters (5,400 feet) above sea level. Located in the Sahyadri mountain range, specifically within the Akole taluka of Ahmednagar district, it is frequently referred to as the Everest of Maharashtra. The summit houses a small temple dedicated to the local deity Kalsubai and falls within the Kalsubai Harishchandragad Wildlife Sanctuary.

Explanation

Yash Chopra was honored with the title of Ambassador of Interlaken in 2011 by the Swiss government in recognition of his significant contribution to promoting Switzerland as a tourism destination through his films. For decades, he showcased the scenic beauty of the Swiss Alps, particularly the Bernese Oberland region, in numerous Bollywood blockbusters. His cinematic portrayal of the landscape played a pivotal role in making Switzerland a dream destination for Indian tourists. The town of Interlaken, which served as a frequent backdrop for his movie songs, bestowed this honorary title upon him to celebrate his legacy and the deep cultural connection he fostered between India and Switzerland.

Explanation

Karandev, also known as Karna Deva II or Karan Ghelo, was the final sovereign ruler of the Vaghela dynasty in Gujarat. His reign came to an end following the invasion of Gujarat by the forces of Alauddin Khilji in 1299. The Sultan dispatched a massive army led by his generals Ulugh Khan and Nusrat Khan, which defeated Karandev and captured his capital, Anhilwara. Although Karandev managed to flee to the Deccan and briefly held on to smaller territories, a subsequent Khilji expedition in 1304 led to the complete annexation of Gujarat into the Delhi Sultanate. This transition marked the end of the Vaghela dynasty's rule and the beginning of Muslim administration in the region.