SSC CGL Tier 1 2016 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The son's present age S is calculated from the condition that he will be 15 years old after 3 years, so S = 15 - 3 = 12 years. According to the problem, the man is four times as old as his son, which makes the man's present age M = 4 × 12 = 48 years. Since the man is 3 years older than his wife W, we have M = W + 3. Substituting the man's age, 48 = W + 3, which gives the wife's present age as W = 48 - 3 = 45 years.

Explanation

The word CURTAIN requires the letter C, which is not present in the word UNIVERSALISATION. Since the source word does not contain the letter C, it is impossible to form the word CURTAIN.

Explanation

The coding logic follows a pattern where each letter in the word is shifted forward by 2 positions in the alphabetical sequence.

For the word FRIEND: F (6) + 2 = 8 (H) R (18) + 2 = 20 (T) I (9) + 2 = 11 (K) E (5) + 2 = 7 (G) N (14) + 2 = 16 (P) D (4) + 2 = 6 (F)

Applying this same +2 shift logic to the letters in the word REVEAL: R (18) + 2 = 20 (T) V (22) + 2 = 24 (X) E (5) + 2 = 7 (G) A (1) + 2 = 3 (C) L (12) + 2 = 14 (N)

By shifting these letters, we obtain the sequence T, X, G, C, and N, which corresponds to the code TXGCN.

Explanation

To solve the equation 5 + 3 × 8 - 12 ÷ 4 = 3, we apply the interchange of the signs - and ÷. The modified expression becomes 5 + 3 × 8 ÷ 12 - 4. Following the BODMAS rule, we prioritize division and multiplication from left to right:

5 + (3 × ⁸⁄₁₂) - 4

Simplifying the term in the parentheses:

3 × ⅔ = 2

Now, substitute this result back into the equation:

5 + 2 - 4

7 - 4 = 3

The result is 3, which matches the right-hand side of the given equation.

Explanation

Substituting the signs from option c into the expression 48 4 6 3 30 results in the equation 48 ÷ 4 + 6 × 3 = 30. Following the BODMAS rule, we first perform the division: 48 ÷ 4 = 12. Next, we perform the multiplication: 6 × 3 = 18. Finally, adding these results gives 12 + 18 = 30. Since the left-hand side equals the right-hand side, the equation is balanced.

Explanation

The person begins by traveling East. Turning left at a 90 degree angle directs the person toward the North. While facing North, a subsequent left turn of 45 degrees shifts the orientation counter-clockwise from the North axis toward the West axis. This specific angular displacement positions the person facing North-West, which is the direction situated exactly between North and West.

Explanation

The statement establishes a conditional relationship of the form P → Q, where P represents working hard and Q represents being successful. This implies that hard work is a sufficient condition for achieving success. Conclusion II follows because the phrase hard work pays is a logical derivation of the principle that putting in effort leads to a rewarding outcome like success. Conclusion I does not follow because the statement is a conditional projection; it does not assert that the individual actually possesses the quality of being a hard worker, only what the outcome would be if he were to work hard.

Explanation

The first pair established a relationship between a biological subject and its respective field of scientific study. Mycology is defined as the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties. Applying the same logic to the second pair, Histology is the scientific study of the microscopic structure, organization, and function of tissues.

Explanation

The logic used in the analogy is the pairing of opposite letters in the English alphabet, where the sum of the positions of corresponding letters from the start and the end is always 27. In the first part of the analogy, B (2nd) corresponds to Y (25th), D (4th) corresponds to W (23rd), F (6th) corresponds to U (21st), and H (8th) corresponds to S (19th).

Following the same pattern for JLNP, the opposite letter for J (10th) is calculated as 27 - 10 = 17, which is Q. For L (12th), the opposite is 27 - 12 = 15, which is O. For N (14th), the opposite is 27 - 14 = 13, which is M. For P (16th), the opposite is 27 - 16 = 11, which is K. Therefore, the related word is QOMK.

Explanation

The numerical relationship between the terms follows the logic (n × 2) - 6. In the first pair, the calculation is 18 × 2 = 36, and 36 - 6 = 30. Applying this same operation to the third term to find the missing value, we calculate 36 × 2 = 72, and 72 - 6 = 66.

Explanation

Mathematics is the broad, overarching field of study that serves as an umbrella term for various specialized branches. Arithmetic, Geometry, and Algebra are all specific sub-disciplines or components that fall under the general category of Mathematics. In this set, Mathematics represents the entire domain, while the other terms represent specific, constituent parts of that domain.

Explanation

In the letter series BDFG, the positions of the letters in the English alphabet are B=2, D=4, F=6, and G=7. The gaps between consecutive letters are +2 (B to D), +2 (D to F), and +1 (F to G). This sequence is inconsistent because the final increment differs from the preceding ones. All other options follow a uniform pattern where each letter is exactly 2 positions ahead of the previous one: ACEG follows 1, 3, 5, 7; JLNP follows 10, 12, 14, 16; and SUWY follows 19, 21, 23, 25. Since BDFG breaks the constant arithmetic progression of +2 maintained by the rest of the group, it is the odd pair.

Explanation

The pair (64, 81) is the odd one out because it consists of consecutive perfect squares, 8² and 9², which does not follow the y = 2x relationship where the second number is twice the first. In the other pairs, the second number is exactly double the first, whereas 64 × 2 results in 128.

Explanation

Dictionary order is determined by comparing characters from left to right. All five words begin with the prefix We. Comparing the third letters, Wealth, Weasand, Weapon, and Weather all have a, while Weekend has e. Since a precedes e, Weekend (5) is the last word in the sequence. For the remaining four words, we compare the fourth letters: l in Wealth (3), p in Weapon (4), s in Weasand (2), and t in Weather (1). In the English alphabet, the order of these fourth letters is l, then p, then s, and finally t. Arranging the words based on this alphabetical progression yields the sequence Wealth (3), Weapon (4), Weasand (2), Weather (1), followed by Weekend (5), resulting in the order 3, 4, 2, 1, 5.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern based on the alphabetical positions of the letters. Each triplet has an internal addition pattern of +4 and +5. For BFK, B(2) + 4 = F(6) and F(6) + 5 = K(11). For KOT, K(11) + 4 = O(15) and O(15) + 5 = T(20). For UYD, U(21) + 4 = Y(25) and Y(25) + 5 = D(30, which is 4 in a 26-letter cycle).

To find the next term, we look at the progression between corresponding letters of the triplets. The increment between the first letters of consecutive terms increases by 1 each time. The first letters are B(2), K(11), and U(21). The difference between B and K is 9, and between K and U is 10. Therefore, the next first letter must be 21 + 11 = 32. Converting this back to the alphabet cycle, 32 - 26 = 6, which is F.

Applying the internal triplet pattern of +4 and +5 to the starting letter F(6): 6 + 4 = 10, which is J. 10 + 5 = 15, which is O.

This yields the triplet FJO. The progression for the second and third letters also follows the +9, +10, +11 increment pattern. For the second letters: F(6) + 9 = O(15), O(15) + 10 = Y(25), and Y(25) + 11 = 36 ≡ 10(J). For the third letters: K(11) + 9 = T(20), T(20) + 10 = D(30), and D(4) + 11 = 15(O).

Explanation

The series follows a specific mathematical progression where each term is derived from the preceding term using the formula aₙ = (aₙ₋₁ × k) + k, where k starts at 1 and increases by 1 for each subsequent step.

Applying this rule to the given numbers: The first transition is (2 × 1) + 1 = 3. The second transition is (3 × 2) + 2 = 8. The third transition, which identifies the missing number, is (8 × 3) + 3 = 27.

The validity of this pattern is confirmed by the remaining terms in the series: The fourth transition is (27 × 4) + 4 = 112. The fifth transition is (112 × 5) + 5 = 565.

Explanation

To find the relationship, we analyze the description given by the woman step-by-step. The woman's uncle's brother refers to either her father or another uncle. Following this, the daughter of her uncle's brother would be either her sister or her cousin. Since the man is the widower of that daughter, he was the husband of the woman's sister or cousin. In standardized kinship terminology used in blood relation problems, the husband of a sister or a cousin is identified as a brother-in-law.

Explanation

To determine the shortest friend, we analyze the comparative heights provided. The statement that P is shorter than Q but taller than R can be represented by the inequality Q > P > R. This indicates that R is shorter than both P and Q. The next part of the statement mentions that R is shorter than S, which can be expressed as S > R. Combining these observations, we find that R is shorter than P, shorter than Q, and shorter than S. Since R is shorter than all other individuals in the group, R is the shortest among the four friends.

Explanation

The word IMPRACTICABLE contains the letters I, M, P, R, A, C, T, I, C, A, B, L, and E. Analyzing the letter frequency, the word contains only one E. The word PEACE requires two E letters to be formed. Since the base word lacks a second E, the word PEACE cannot be constructed from the given letters.

Explanation

The coding pattern involves shifting each letter of the word forward by 5 positions in the English alphabetical sequence (n + 5). In the example BROTHER, the transformation is as follows: B + 5 = G, R + 5 = W, O + 5 = T, T + 5 = Y, H + 5 = M, E + 5 = J, and R + 5 = W.

By applying this identical +5 shift to the word SCHOOL, we determine the code: S (19) + 5 = 24 (X) C (3) + 5 = 8 (H) H (8) + 5 = 13 (M) O (15) + 5 = 20 (T) O (15) + 5 = 20 (T) L (12) + 5 = 17 (Q)

The resulting code for SCHOOL is XHMTTQ.

Explanation

According to the given logic, the symbols are replaced as follows: ÷ is replaced by + × is replaced by ×

is replaced by ÷

• is replaced by -

Substituting these symbols into the given expression 9 ÷ 7 × 8 > (4 × 2) + 5, we get: 9 + 7 × 8 ÷ 4 × 2 - 5

To solve this, we follow the order of operations from left to right for multiplication and division: First, perform the multiplication: 7 × 8 = 56 Next, perform the division: 56 ÷ 4 = 14 Then, perform the next multiplication: 14 × 2 = 28 Finally, perform the addition and subtraction: 9 + 28 - 5 = 37 - 5 = 32

Explanation

The numerical pattern followed in the given equations is a * b = (a × b) + (a - b)².

For the first expression: 5 * 3 = (5 × 3) + (5 - 3)² = 15 + 2² = 15 + 4 = 19

For the second expression: 8 * 5 = (8 × 5) + (8 - 5)² = 40 + 3² = 40 + 9 = 49

Following the same logic for the required expression: 6 * 4 = (6 × 4) + (6 - 4)² = 24 + 2² = 24 + 4 = 28

Explanation

The numbers in each row follow a specific mathematical relationship where the third number is derived from the first two. Specifically, the third column is calculated by subtracting the first column from three times the second column.

The formula is: (3 × Column 2) - Column 1 = Column 3

Applying this to each row: Row 1: (3 × 20) - 24 = 60 - 24 = 36 Row 2: (3 × 11) - 15 = 33 - 15 = 18 Row 3: (3 × 40) - 55 = 120 - 55 = 65

Following this consistent pattern, the missing number in the third row is 65.

Explanation

Let the starting point be the origin (0, 0) on a coordinate plane where the North-South direction is represented by the y-axis and the East-West direction by the x-axis. The man first walks 7 km South, moving his position to (0, -7). He then turns left, which directs him toward the East, and walks 5 km to reach the point (5, -7). Finally, he turns right, facing South again, and walks 7 km to arrive at his final position at (5, -14). Since the final coordinates have a positive x-value (East) and a negative y-value (South), his position relative to the starting point is in the South-East quadrant.

Explanation

The given statements describe phase transitions of water based on temperature changes, specifically cooling to form ice and heating to form steam. These are conditional processes that occur under specific thermal environments. Conclusion 1 and Conclusion 2 are absolute statements asserting that water is a solid or a gas, respectively. Because the statements indicate that water only becomes ice when cooled and only becomes steam when heated, it cannot be definitively concluded that water is inherently a solid or inherently a gas. The premises show that the state of water is dependent on external conditions, meaning neither conclusion logically follows as a definitive property from the provided information.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern of progressive addition across the corresponding positions of each letter group. By converting the letters into their numerical positions in the alphabet (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26), the logic is as follows:

The first letters of the groups are B(2), K(11), and U(21). The difference between the first and second is 11 - 2 = 9. The difference between the second and third is 21 - 11 = 10. Following this progression, the next addition should be +11. Thus, 21 + 11 = 32. Since there are 26 letters in the alphabet, 32 - 26 = 6, which corresponds to the letter F.

The second letters are F(6), O(15), and Y(25). The differences are 15 - 6 = 9 and 25 - 15 = 10. Adding 11 to the third letter gives 25 + 11 = 36. Subtracting the alphabetical cycle, 36 - 26 = 10, which corresponds to the letter J.

The third letters are K(11), T(20), and D(30 if continuing the count). The differences are 20 - 11 = 9 and 30 - 20 = 10. Adding 11 to the third position gives 30 + 11 = 41. Subtracting the alphabetical cycle, 41 - 26 = 15, which corresponds to the letter O.

Combining these results yields the sequence FJO.

Explanation

By substituting the given operators into the statement, where ÷ is replaced by +, < by ×, > by ÷, and + by -, the expression 9 ÷ 7 < 8 > (4 > 2) + 5 is rewritten as:

9 + 7 × 8 ÷ (4 ÷ 2) - 5

Following the BODMAS rule, the calculation proceeds as follows:

First, evaluate the term inside the parentheses: (4 ÷ 2) = 2. The expression becomes 9 + 7 × 8 ÷ 2 - 5.

Next, perform the division: 8 ÷ 2 = 4. The expression becomes 9 + 7 × 4 - 5.

Then, perform the multiplication: 7 × 4 = 28. The expression becomes 9 + 28 - 5.

Finally, complete the addition and subtraction from left to right: 9 + 28 = 37, and 37 - 5 = 32.

Explanation

The provided statements describe the process of phase transition rather than defining the permanent state of water. Statement 1 asserts that water becomes ice (a solid) only upon the application of cooling, while Statement 2 asserts that water becomes steam (a gas) only upon the application of heat. In logical reasoning, a description of a change in state under specific conditions does not support a conclusion that the subject is inherently or exclusively that resultant state. Because the conclusions I and II ignore the conditional nature of these transformations and do not account for the existence of water in its primary liquid form, they cannot be logically derived from the given premises.

Explanation

The relationship in the first pair is based on the characteristic movement of the water body. A river is defined by its continuous flow of water from a higher elevation to a lower one. In the second pair, the word stagnant describes water that is still and does not flow. A pond is a body of water that is typically stationary and lacks a current, making it the correct categorical match for the property of being stagnant.

Explanation

The numbers in the analogy follow the mathematical pattern n³ - n.

For the first ratio, the values are derived from consecutive integers 3 and 4: 24 = 3³ - 3 = 27 - 3 60 = 4³ - 4 = 64 - 4

For the second ratio, the first number is derived from the integer 6: 210 = 6³ - 6 = 216 - 6

Applying the same consecutive logic used in the first pair, the missing number must correspond to the next integer, 7: 7³ - 7 = 343 - 7 = 336

Explanation

Shimla, Ooty, and Darjeeling are all prominent hill stations located in various mountain ranges across India. Shimla is situated in the Himalayas, Ooty in the Nilgiri Hills, and Darjeeling in the Lesser Himalayas. In contrast, Agra is a city located in the plains of the Indo-Gangetic region on the banks of the Yamuna River. Its geographical classification as a plains city distinguishes it from the other three locations, which are defined by their high-altitude terrain and status as mountain resorts.

Explanation

The number 900 is the odd one out because it is not a perfect cube. In the given set, the other numbers are all perfect cubes of integers: 64 is 4³, 343 is 7³, and 1000 is 10³. While 900 is a perfect square, as it equals 30², it does not have an integer cube root. This lack of a cubic property makes it the exception among the alternatives provided.

Explanation

The letter group KPSU is the odd one out because of the specific numerical intervals between its letters. Assigning values based on their positions in the alphabet where A=1 and Z=26, the positions are K=11, P=16, S=19, and U=21. The gaps between consecutive letters are calculated as: 11 + 5 = 16 16 + 3 = 19 19 + 2 = 21 This pattern of +5, +3, and +2 increments distinguishes this group from the others, which follow a pattern that consistently concludes with a +1 increment between the final two letters.

Explanation

Dictionary order is determined by comparing words letter by letter from left to right. All four words begin with the prefix Mat. At the fourth letter, Matchbox (3) has c, Maternity (1) has e, and both Matrichary (2) and Matricide (4) have r. Since c precedes e and r in the alphabet, Matchbox (3) is first, followed by Maternity (1). To distinguish between Matrichary (2) and Matricide (4), we compare subsequent letters. Both share the sequence M-a-t-r-i-c. At the seventh position, Matrichary (2) has h, while Matricide (4) has i. Because h comes before i, Matrichary (2) precedes Matricide (4). This results in the sequence 3, 1, 2, 4.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern of decreasing numbers where the difference between consecutive terms increases by 2 at each step. The values subtracted from each term are consecutive odd numbers starting from 11.

The first difference is 463 - 452 = 11. The second difference is 452 - 439 = 13. The third difference is 439 - 424 = 15.

Following this logic, the next value to be subtracted must be 15 + 2 = 17. Applying this to the last known term gives 424 - 17 = 407.

Explanation

Let the present ages of Arun and Deepak be 4x and 3x years respectively. According to the problem, Arun's age after 6 years will be 26 years. This can be expressed as 4x + 6 = 26. Solving for x, we subtract 6 from both sides to get 4x = 20, which gives x = 5. Since Deepak's present age is represented by 3x, substituting the value of x gives 3 × 5 = 15 years.

Explanation

Since X is the husband of Y, they are a married couple. W is the daughter of X, which implies W is also the daughter of Y. Furthermore, Z is the husband of W, and N is the daughter of Z, meaning N is the daughter of W. As N is the child of Y's daughter (W), the relationship of N to Y is that of a grand daughter.

Explanation

The word DESTINATION cannot be formed using the letters of the word DETERMINATION because it contains the letter S. Upon examining the letter composition of DETERMINATION, which consists of D, E, T, E, R, M, I, N, A, T, I, O, and N, it is evident that the character S is not present in the source word. Since DESTINATION requires an S to be spelled correctly, it is the word that cannot be constructed from the given set of letters.

Explanation

The coding follows a pattern where letters are shifted by +1 and -1 alternately. For the word GOODNESS, the pattern is applied as follows:

G + 1 → H O - 1 → N O + 1 → P D - 1 → C N + 1 → O E - 1 → D S + 1 → T S - 1 → R

Applying this alternating +1, -1 pattern to the first seven letters of GREATNESS and ensuring the final double S follows the same +1, -1 shift as seen in the first example:

G + 1 → H R - 1 → Q E + 1 → F A - 1 → Z T + 1 → U N - 1 → M E + 1 → F S + 1 → T S - 1 → R

The resulting code for GREATNESS is HQFZUMFTR.

Explanation

The system followed in the equations is a positional rearrangement of the digits. If the input digits are represented in the order d₁ d₂ d₃ * d₄, the resulting number is formed by reordering them as d₄ d₂ d₃ d₁.

In the first equation, 5 4 2 1 results in 1425. Here, the 4th digit (1) moves to the first place, the 2nd digit (4) remains in the second place, the 3rd digit (2) remains in the third place, and the 1st digit (5) moves to the last place. Similarly, in the second equation, 7 8 1 6 results in 6817, where the digits follow the same 4-2-3-1 positional sequence.

Applying this logic to the third equation, 9 3 7 * 5: The 4th digit is 5. The 2nd digit is 3. The 3rd digit is 7. The 1st digit is 9. Placing them in the 4-2-3-1 sequence yields the number 5379.

Explanation

Based on the operation mapping, - is replaced by ÷, + is replaced by ×, × is replaced by +, and ÷ is replaced by -.

Substituting these symbols into the equation in option b: 18 ÷ 3 × 2 + 8 - 6

Evaluating the expression using the BODMAS rule: First, perform the division: 18 ÷ 3 = 6. Next, perform the multiplication: 6 × 2 = 12. Finally, perform addition and subtraction: 12 + 8 - 6 = 14.

The result matches the value on the right-hand side of the equation.

Explanation

The sequence follows a systematic pattern where the first letter of each pair advances alphabetically while the second letter moves backward from the end of the alphabet. Numerically, if the position of the first letter is n, the position of the second letter is 27 - n. In the third row, the first letter follows G (n = 7) and precedes I (n = 9), making the missing first letter H (n = 8). Applying the position formula for the second letter, we calculate 27 - 8 = 19, which corresponds to the letter S. The pair HS satisfies the alphabetical progression G → H → I and the reverse progression T → S → R.

Explanation

Let point A be the starting position at coordinates (0, 0). Walking 20 feet East brings X to point B at (20, 0). Turning right means X is now facing South; walking 6 feet leads to point C at (20, -6). Turning right again means X is now facing West; walking 28 feet results in a final position D at (20 - 28, -6), which simplifies to (-8, -6).

The distance from the starting point A (0, 0) to the final point D (-8, -6) is the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle where the horizontal displacement is x = |0 - (-8)| = 8 feet and the vertical displacement is y = |0 - (-6)| = 6 feet. Using the Pythagorean theorem:

Distance = √(x² + y²) Distance = √(8² + 6²) Distance = √(64 + 36) Distance = √(100) Distance = 10 feet

Explanation

The statement identifies a specific requirement for a response based on the timing of the situation. Assumption I is not inherently valid because urgency and seriousness are distinct concepts. A situation may require an immediate response to satisfy a temporal sequence or a fleeting opportunity without being grave or critical in nature. Assumption II is not a necessary premise because the statement is a normative assessment of what the situation demands. Identifying that a situation calls for a particular action is an observation of a necessity, which is logically independent of the feasibility or the physical possibility of performing that action at the given moment. The statement defines the nature of the required intervention rather than affirming the existence of the means to carry it out.

Explanation

The relationship in the analogy is based on the astronomical classification of celestial bodies. Earth is a celestial body that is classified as a planet. Similarly, the Moon is a celestial body that orbits a planet, which by definition makes it a natural satellite. Therefore, just as the category for Earth is planet, the category for the Moon is satellite.

Explanation

The relationship in the analogy is based on a constant alphabetical shift of -3 for each letter. By taking the numerical position of each letter in the word EJOT and subtracting 3, we determine the letters of the related word.

E is the 5th letter; 5 - 3 = 2, which is B. J is the 10th letter; 10 - 3 = 7, which is G. O is the 15th letter; 15 - 3 = 12, which is L. T is the 20th letter; 20 - 3 = 17, which is Q.

This calculation results in the word BGLQ. The same pattern is found in the second pair of the analogy, where subtracting 3 from the positions of the letters Y (25), D (4), I (9), and N (14) yields the letters V (22), A (1), F (6), and K (11), forming the word VAFK.

Explanation

The relationship in the first pair follows the pattern of expressing a number as a power of 10. Since 100 has two zeros, it is written as 10². Similarly, for the second pair, the number 100,000 has five zeros. Following the established pattern, this value is expressed in exponential form as 10⁵.

Explanation

Worship refers to the act of religious devotion or the practice of showing reverence to a deity. While the other options represent physical structures or specific architectural locations where religious activities take place, worship is the abstract action or ritual performed within such settings.

Explanation

In the letter groups b, c, and d, the sequence follows a specific mathematical pattern based on the alphabetical positions of the letters. If the positions are denoted as L₁, L₂, L₃, L₄, the logic is L₂ = L₁ + 2, L₃ = L₂ - 1, and L₄ = L₃ - 1. This pattern results in the first and last letters being identical while maintaining a +2, -1, -1 interval. For example, in B D C B, the positions are 2, 4, 3, 2. Similarly, in X Z Y X, the positions are 24, 26, 25, 24, and in P R Q P, they are 16, 18, 17, 16.

The sequence M N O M deviates from this pattern. Its alphabetical positions are 13, 14, 15, 13. Instead of a +2 jump between the first two letters and a decrease thereafter, it uses a +1, +1, -2 progression. This makes it the odd pair among the given alternatives.

Explanation

The numerical relationship between the two numbers in each pair is based on a constant ratio of 7:8. In the first pair, 70/80 simplifies to 7/8. In the third pair, 28/32 = (4 × 7) / (4 × 8) = 7/8. In the fourth pair, 21/24 = (3 × 7) / (3 × 8) = 7/8. However, for the second pair, the ratio of 54 to 62 simplifies to 27:31, which does not match the established pattern of 7:8.