SSC CGL Tier 1 2014 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

Govind's movement sequence follows a series of directional changes starting from the West. His first turn to the right shifts his heading from West to North. From North, a left turn directs him back to the West. His third turn is a left turn from West, which points him South. Following this, he turns left again from the South, which puts him on an Eastward path. Finally, his last turn is to the left from the East, which rotates his heading 90 degrees counter-clockwise to the North. He is therefore walking in the North direction.

Explanation

Let the starting point be represented by the coordinates (0, 0). Walking 10 metres in front (along the y-axis) places the person at (0, 10). Turning right and walking 10 metres (along the x-axis) moves them to (10, 10). At this point, taking another right turn means moving in the negative y-direction; walking 5 metres in this direction results in the final coordinates (10, 10 - 5), which is (10, 5). The displacement from the starting point is calculated using the distance formula: d = √((x₂ - x₁)² + (y₂ - y₁)²). Substituting the values, d = √((10 - 0)² + (5 - 0)²) = √(100 + 25) = √(125). Simplifying the radical gives √(25 × 5) = 5√5 metres.

Explanation

The logical relationship between the terms follows the transitive property of categorical syllogisms. The statement All deers are cows establishes that the set of deers is a subset of the set of cows. The statement All cows are animals establishes that the set of cows is a subset of the set of animals. By logical necessity, the set of deers is contained within the set of animals, which validates the conclusion that All deers are animals.

Explanation

The statement establishes a causal relationship where the act of reading newspapers results in the enhancement of general knowledge. For this premise to hold true, it is logically necessary to assume that newspapers contain the very general knowledge they are said to enhance. An assumption is an unstated premise that supports the conclusion of the statement; because the statement claims a specific outcome (knowledge enhancement) from a specific source (newspapers), the presence of that knowledge within the source is inherently taken for granted. Assumption I directly provides the basis for the effect described in the statement. Assumption II, however, introduces the concept of success in life, which is an external value judgment that extends beyond the information provided and is not required to justify why reading newspapers improves knowledge.

Explanation

The relationship in this analogy is based on a medical condition and the specific physiological function that is lost or impaired as a result. Amnesia is defined as the partial or total loss of memory. Following the same logic, paralysis is a medical condition characterized by the loss of the ability to execute voluntary movement in one or more parts of the body. While amnesia affects the cognitive function of memory, paralysis affects the physical function of movement.

Explanation

The relationship between the first and second terms is established by shifting each letter of the first group forward by one position in the English alphabetical order. Applying this logic:

A + 1 = B F + 1 = G K + 1 = L P + 1 = Q

Following the same pattern for CHMR yields the following sequence:

C + 1 = D H + 1 = I M + 1 = N R + 1 = S

The resulting code is DINS.

Explanation

The pattern follows a specific transposition where the first three letters of the word are moved to the end in reverse order, while the remaining letters are shifted to the front in their original sequence. In the word PREMONITION, the first three letters P-R-E are reversed to E-R-P and placed after the rest of the word MONITION, resulting in MONITIONERP. Following this logic for LINSEEDOIL, the first three letters L-I-N are reversed to N-I-L and placed after the remaining portion SEEDOIL, forming the word SEEDOILNIL.

Explanation

The relationship followed in the first pair is x²{2} = y. Applying this to the first part of the analogy, 18² = 324, and dividing by 2 gives 324 / 2 = 162. Following the same logic for the second part of the analogy, we calculate the square of 36, which is 36² = 1296. Dividing this result by 2 yields 1296 / 2 = 648.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in the first pair is determined by a constant difference. By subtracting the second number from the first, we obtain the difference:

9536 - 6203 = 3333

Applying the same logic to the second pair, we subtract this constant difference from the third number to find the missing value:

5873 - 3333 = 2540

Explanation

The relationship in the given pair is that of synonymy. Vigilant and alert are synonyms, both referring to being watchful or observant. Similarly, viable refers to something that is capable of working successfully or is practicable. Feasible is the synonym for viable, as it describes a plan or method that is possible to do or achieve easily and effectively.

Explanation

The number 125 is a perfect cube, as it can be expressed as 5³ or 5 × 5 × 5. Additionally, it is an odd number. These mathematical properties distinguish it from the other values in the set, as it is the only number provided that is both a perfect power and possesses odd parity. In competitive reasoning exams, identifying the outlier typically involves recognizing specific number types like cubes, squares, or prime numbers.

Explanation

In the pair 41-72, the sum of the digits of the first number is 4 + 1 = 5, whereas the sum of the digits of the second number is 7 + 2 = 9. Because these sums are unequal, the pair does not follow the digital sum equality rule present in the other options. For all other pairs, the sum of the digits of the first number is identical to the sum of the digits of the second number.

Explanation

The letter groups follow a consistent numerical pattern based on the positions of the letters in the English alphabet. In the other sequences, the second letter is determined by adding 3 to the position of the first letter, and the third letter is determined by adding 2 to the position of the second letter, creating a +3, +2 progression. In the group KND, the first transition from K (11th letter) to N (14th letter) correctly follows the +3 increment (11 + 3 = 14). However, the transition from N (14th letter) to D (4th letter) does not follow the +2 increment, which would have resulted in the letter P (16th letter) since 14 + 2 = 16. This deviation from the established sequence makes KND the different alternative.

Explanation

Haridwar is located in the state of Uttarakhand, while the other three cities are all situated in the state of Uttar Pradesh. This geographical and administrative distinction based on state borders makes Haridwar the odd one out among the given alternatives.

Explanation

The pair biology and botany represents a hierarchical relationship between a general field of science and one of its specialized branches. Biology is the broad natural science that studies life and living organisms in their entirety, whereas botany is a specific sub-discipline within biology that focuses exclusively on the study of plants. In contrast, the other pairs consist of a specific branch of science and the particular organism or subject matter that constitutes its primary object of study. Phycology is the study of algae, ornithology is the study of birds, and mycology is the study of fungi. Thus, the relationship in the final pair is that of a category and its subset, rather than a field and its subject.

Explanation

The sequence represents the chronological progression of familial roles a man typically assumes throughout his life cycle. The order begins with being born as a Son (4). As he grows up alongside siblings, he is a Brother (1). Upon reaching adulthood and entering into marriage, he first becomes a Husband (2). By virtue of this marriage, he simultaneously becomes a Son-in-law (5) to his spouse's parents. Finally, with the birth of his own children, he attains the role of a Father (3). This arrangement follows the natural and social sequence of life stages and the acquisition of corresponding relationships.

Explanation

To arrange words according to the English dictionary, we compare their letters sequentially from left to right. All five words begin with the prefix Fea, so we must compare the fourth letters. The fourth letters are l for Fealty, r for Fearsome, s for Feasible, and t for both Feather and Feature. Alphabetically, l comes before r, r comes before s, and s comes before t. Consequently, the first three words in order are Fealty (2), Fearsome (1), and Feasible (3). For the remaining words, Feature and Feather, the fifth letter is compared because the fourth letters are identical. Feather has h as the fifth letter, while Feature has u. Since h appears before u in the alphabet, Feather (5) precedes Feature (4). Following this logic, the correct arrangement is 2, 1, 3, 5, 4.

Explanation

The series consists of 12 positions including the gaps. By placing the letters b, c, c, and a sequentially into the gaps, the complete string becomes abccbaabccba. This sequence follows a periodic pattern where the six-letter block abccba repeats twice. The internal structure of each block consists of the triplet abc followed immediately by its reverse cba. Therefore, the series is a repetition of the pattern abc cba.

Explanation

The rule states that the number of letters skipped between adjacent letters increases by one. If Pₙ is the position of the n-th letter in the alphabet, the number of skipped letters is Pₙ₊₁ - Pₙ - 1. For the rule to be satisfied, the difference between the positions of adjacent letters must increase by one at each step (Gapₙ₊₁ = Gapₙ + 1).

In the series WYBFKQX, the alphabetical positions are W (23), Y (25), B (2 or 28), F (6), K (11), Q (17), and X (24).

The difference between W and Y is 25 - 23 = 2, which means 1 letter (X) is skipped. The difference between Y and B is 28 - 25 = 3, which means 2 letters (Z, A) are skipped. The difference between B and F is 6 - 2 = 4, which means 3 letters (C, D, E) are skipped. The difference between F and K is 11 - 6 = 5, which means 4 letters (G, H, I, J) are skipped. The difference between K and Q is 17 - 11 = 6, which means 5 letters (L, M, N, O, P) are skipped. The difference between Q and X is 24 - 17 = 7, which means 6 letters (R, S, T, U, V, W) are skipped.

The number of skipped letters follows the sequence 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, which increases by one between each adjacent pair.

Explanation

The series follows a mathematical pattern where each term is derived by multiplying the preceding term by 2 and then alternately adding and subtracting 1. The calculations are as follows:

5 × 2 + 1 = 11 11 × 2 - 1 = 21 21 × 2 + 1 = 43 43 × 2 - 1 = 85

According to the alternating pattern of +1 and -1, the next step requires multiplying the last term by 2 and adding 1:

85 × 2 + 1 = 170 + 1 = 171

Explanation

The series follows a mathematical pattern where each term is generated by multiplying the preceding term by an increasing integer and adding a subsequent consecutive integer. Starting from the first term, the sequence progresses as follows:

(12 × 2) + 3 = 27 (27 × 3) + 4 = 85 (85 × 4) + 5 = 345

Following this logic, the missing term is calculated by multiplying the fourth term by 5 and adding 6:

(345 × 5) + 6 = 1725 + 6 = 1731

The general rule for the n-th step in this transition is Termₖ = (Termₖ₋₁ × n) + (n + 1), where n begins at 2 and increments by 1 for each new term in the series.

Explanation

The given series follows a pattern based on the numerical positions of letters in the alphabet and an alternating internal difference. In the first group ADGJ, the letters increase by 3 positions: A(1), D(4), G(7), J(10). In the second group YVSP, the letters decrease by 3 positions: Y(25), V(22), S(19), P(16). In the third group KNQT, the letters return to an increase of 3 positions: K(11), N(14), Q(17), T(20). Following this alternating sequence of +3 and -3, the missing fourth group must have an internal decrease of 3. In the group OLIF, the positions are O(15), L(12), I(9), and F(6), which satisfy the required decrease: 15 - 3 = 12, 12 - 3 = 9, and 9 - 3 = 6.

Furthermore, a specific relationship exists between consecutive pairs of groups. For the first pair (ADGJ and YVSP) and the second pair (KNQT and the missing group), the sum of the numerical positions of corresponding letters is 26. In the first pair, A(1) + Y(25) = 26, D(4) + V(22) = 26, G(7) + S(19) = 26, and J(10) + P(16) = 26. Applying this same rule to the third group to find the fourth, the letters must be K(11) + O(15) = 26, N(14) + L(12) = 26, Q(17) + I(9) = 26, and T(20) + F(6) = 26, which yields the letters OLIF.

Explanation

The only son of my grandfather refers to the woman's father. According to the statement, this person is the father of the man's brother. Since the father of a person's brother is also that person's father, the man in the photograph and the woman share the same father. This relationship makes the woman the sister of the man in the photograph.

Explanation

Madhavi is identified in the first statement as being good in Dramatics and Computer Science. The second statement further establishes that Madhavi is good in Computer Science and Physics. By synthesizing these two sets of proficiencies, it is clear that Madhavi is the person who is good in all three specified subjects: Physics, Dramatics, and Computer Science.

Explanation

Let the current age of Mrs. Lata be L and the current age of her son be S. According to the problem, their total age now is 64 years, which gives the equation L + S = 64. From this, we can express the son's age as S = 64 - L.

Eight years ago, Mrs. Lata's age was L - 8 and her son's age was S - 8. The problem states that at that time, Mrs. Lata was 3 times as old as her son. This relationship is represented by the equation L - 8 = 3(S - 8). Substituting the expression for S into this equation, we get:

L - 8 = 3((64 - L) - 8) L - 8 = 3(56 - L) L - 8 = 168 - 3L

Combining the L terms on one side and the constants on the other:

L + 3L = 168 + 8 4L = 176 L = 176 / 4 L = 44

Thus, Mrs. Lata is currently 44 years old.

Explanation

The word INQUISITIVENESS contains the letters I (4), N (2), Q (1), U (1), S (3), T (1), V (1), and E (2). To form the word INVENTIVE, two instances of the letter V are required. Since the original word INQUISITIVENESS provides only one V, the word INVENTIVE cannot be constructed.

Explanation

By mapping the numbers to their corresponding positions in the English alphabet, where A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, and so on, the sequence 1, 12, 7, 5, 2, 18, 1 translates to the letters A, L, G, E, B, R, and A respectively. These letters combined form the meaningful English word ALGEBRA.

Explanation

The coding logic follows the principle of reverse alphabetical order, where each letter is replaced by the letter that occupies the same position from the end of the alphabet. This relationship is defined by the formula y = 27 - x, where x represents the position of the original letter in the alphabet (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26) and y represents the position of the corresponding coded letter.

Applying this logic to the word CHILDREN: The letter C is the 3rd letter, so its code is 27 - 3 = 24, which is X. The letter H is the 8th letter, so its code is 27 - 8 = 19, which is S. The letter I is the 9th letter, so its code is 27 - 9 = 18, which is R. The letter L is the 12th letter, so its code is 27 - 12 = 15, which is O. The letter D is the 4th letter, so its code is 27 - 4 = 23, which is W. The letter R is the 18th letter, so its code is 27 - 18 = 9, which is I. The letter E is the 5th letter, so its code is 27 - 5 = 22, which is V. The letter N is the 14th letter, so its code is 27 - 14 = 13, which is M.

Mapping these results together, the word CHILDREN is coded as XSROWIVM.

Explanation

In this coding scheme, each letter is directly assigned a specific digit based on its position in the provided examples. From the word GIVE coded as 5137, we determine that G corresponds to 5 and E corresponds to 7. From the word BAT coded as 924, we determine that A corresponds to 2 and T corresponds to 4. By applying these direct mappings to the word GATE, we substitute the letters with their respective digits: G is 5, A is 2, T is 4, and E is 7. Arranging these digits in order yields the code 5247.

Explanation

The symbol mapping is identified by comparing the given words with their codes. In WELL (aiyy), the repeated symbol y corresponds to the repeated letter L, meaning L = y. In the word MAP (μaβ), the symbols a and β correspond to the letters A and P respectively. The given code yaβ is composed of these identified symbols: y for L, a for A, and β for P. The sequence yaβ thus translates to the letters L, A, and P. The word LAMP correctly incorporates these letters, and the presence of the symbol β uniquely identifies the letter P found in this word.

Explanation

The word EXAMINATION provides a letter pool consisting of A (two), I (two), N (two), E (one), X (one), M (one), T (one), and O (one). To construct the word ANIMATION, we require two As, two Is, two Ns, one M, one T, and one O. Because every letter needed for ANIMATION is present in the word EXAMINATION in the required quantity, it can be formed using the given letters.

Explanation

The problem involves a substitution of mathematical operators. Based on the provided expression and the result, the operators are mapped as follows: × is replaced by ÷, ÷ is replaced by +, + is replaced by -, and - is replaced by ×.

Given expression: 25 × 5 ÷ 30 + 8 - 2

Substituting the operators according to the mapping: 25 ÷ 5 + 30 - 8 × 2

Applying the BODMAS rule (Division and Multiplication are performed before Addition and Subtraction):

Perform the division: 25 ÷ 5 = 5

Perform the multiplication: 8 × 2 = 16

The expression now becomes: 5 + 30 - 16

Perform the addition: 5 + 30 = 35

Finally, perform the subtraction: 35 - 16 = 19

Explanation

The logic followed in the given equations is (n₁ - 1) × (n₂ - 1), where n₁ and n₂ are the numbers being multiplied.

Applying this pattern to the provided examples: 5 × 8 → (5 - 1) × (8 - 1) = 4 × 7 = 28 3 × 7 → (3 - 1) × (7 - 1) = 2 × 6 = 12 8 × 6 → (8 - 1) × (6 - 1) = 7 × 5 = 35

Following the same logic for the unsolved equation: 13 × 13 → (13 - 1) × (13 - 1) = 12 × 12 = 144

Explanation

By substituting the signs from the chosen combination into the equation 13 12 5 * 4, we get the mathematical expression 13 = 12 + 5 - 4. To verify the balance, calculate the right-hand side: 12 + 5 = 17, and then 17 - 4 = 13. Since the result matches the left-hand side, the equation is balanced as 13 = 13.

Explanation

The effective speed of a boat traveling downstream is the sum of its speed in still water and the speed of the stream. Given the boat's speed is 30 km/hr and the stream's speed is 6 km/hr, the downstream speed is calculated as: Speed_dₒ_wₙₛₜᵣₑₐₘ = 30 + 6 = 36 km/hr

The time taken to cover a specific distance is determined by the formula Time = (Distance)/(Speed). For a distance of 108 km at a downstream speed of 36 km/hr, the calculation is: Time = ¹⁰⁸⁄₃₆ = 3 hours

Explanation

The pattern in each row is that the middle number is half the product of the first and the third numbers. This relationship can be expressed using the formula:

Middle Number = (First Number × Third Number)/(2)

In the first row, the calculation is (15 × 30)/(2) = 225. In the second row, the calculation is (7 × 20)/(2) = ¹⁴⁰⁄₂ = 70. Applying the same logic to the third row, the missing number is calculated as (3 × 8)/(2) = ²⁴⁄₂ = 12.

Explanation

Let the starting point be (0, 0). Rahul travels 90 metres straight to point Y, reaching the coordinates (90, 0). Turning right and walking 40 metres places him at (90, -40). His next right turn and 70-metre walk moves him parallel to the first path in the opposite direction, reaching (90 - 70, -40), which simplifies to (20, -40). Finally, he turns right and walks 40 metres, returning him to the horizontal axis at (20, -40 + 40), which is (20, 0). The distance from the starting point (0, 0) to the final position (20, 0) is |90 - 70| = 20 metres.

Explanation

Let the starting point be the origin (0,0) on a Cartesian plane where the x-axis represents the East-West direction and the y-axis represents the North-South direction. Initially facing East, the first turn to the right means moving South for 20 metres, reaching the point (0, -20). A subsequent turn to the left means moving East for 20 metres, reaching (20, -20). The next turn to the right leads to a 20-metre movement South, resulting in the coordinates (20, -40). Turning right again means moving West for 40 metres, which brings the position to (20 - 40, -40), or (-20, -40). The final movement is another right turn, which leads North for 40 metres, reaching (-20, -40 + 40), which is (-20, 0). Compared to the starting point (0, 0), the final position (-20, 0) lies exactly on the negative x-axis, which corresponds to the West direction.

Explanation

The given statements follow the logic of a categorical syllogism of the form Barbara (AAA-1). The first statement, All women are cats, establishes that the set of women is entirely contained within the set of cats. The second statement, All cats are rats, establishes that the set of cats is entirely contained within the set of rats. By the transitive property of set inclusion, if A ⊆ B and B ⊆ C, then A ⊆ C. Therefore, all women are necessarily rats, which makes conclusion I logically certain. Conclusion II, which suggests the reverse inclusion that all rats are women, does not logically follow because a universal affirmative statement does not imply its simple converse.

Explanation

The statement establishes a comparative relationship between education and personal values, asserting that the values held by an educated person are different from those held by an uneducated person. For such a difference to exist, it is logically necessary that education acts as a factor that shapes or modifies an individual's value system. This makes the premise that education influences values an implicit assumption. The statement focuses on the qualitative difference between two sets of values rather than the absence of values in either group, thereby confirming that both groups are understood to possess values.

Explanation

The relationship between the first two numbers is established by a constant difference. In the first pair, subtracting 10 from the first number yields the second number: 23 - 10 = 13. Applying this same mathematical operation to the second pair, we subtract 10 from the given number 54. The resulting value is 54 - 10 = 44. This arithmetic pattern of subtracting 10 maintains the logical consistency of the analogy.

Explanation

The relationship established in the first pair is between a measuring instrument and the physical phenomenon it quantifies. A seismometer is a scientific instrument designed to detect and record the intensity and duration of earthquakes. Following the same logical analogy, a thermometer is the standard instrument used to measure the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment, which is defined as temperature.

Explanation

The relationship is based on the performer and the performance they participate in. Just as an actor is a person who performs a role in a play, a musician is a person who performs or plays music in a concert. Both terms represent the primary individual responsible for the execution of the respective artistic event.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of letter clusters is established by shifting each letter forward by two positions in the English alphabet. For the transformation of DLIP to FNKR, the pattern is: D + 2 = F, L + 2 = N, I + 2 = K, and P + 2 = R. Applying the same logic to JROV results in J + 2 = L, R + 2 = T, O + 2 = Q, and V + 2 = X. Therefore, the related letters are LTQX.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of letter groups follows an alternating pattern of subtracting and adding 4 to the alphabetical positions of each letter. For the transformation of YAWC into UESG, the logic is Y (25) - 4 = U (21), A (1) + 4 = E (5), W (23) - 4 = S (19), and C (3) + 4 = G (7). Applying this same pattern of -4, +4, -4, +4 to the second group QIOK, we calculate Q (17) - 4 = M (13), I (9) + 4 = M (13), O (15) - 4 = K (11), and K (11) + 4 = O (15). This sequence of operations yields the letters MMKO.

Explanation

The relationship between the terms follows a direct multiplication factor. By examining the first numbers of each pair, we find that the first term of the second pair is a multiple of the first term of the first pair. Specifically, 17 × 9 = 153. To maintain the same ratio for the analogy, the second term of the first pair must be multiplied by the same constant. Multiplying 24 by 9 gives 24 × 9 = 216. This confirms the proportion 17 : 24 = 153 : 216, where each term in the first ratio is multiplied by 9 to obtain the corresponding term in the second ratio.

Explanation

Flee refers to the act of running away or escaping from a place or situation entirely. It involves a complete departure from the scene to seek safety or distance, which distinguishes it from the other terms that describe localized movements or methods used to evade or bypass a specific object, person, or encounter while remaining in the same vicinity.

Explanation

36 is the only number in the provided set that is not a multiple of 16. The other three values are all exactly divisible by 16, as 16 × 1 = 16, 16 × 5 = 80, and 16 × 6 = 96. This common arithmetic property of being a multiple of 16, and also a multiple of 8, is shared by all alternatives except 36.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in each pair is defined by the rule that the second number is the first digit (the tens digit) of the first number. In the pair 83,6, the first digit of 83 is 8, but the value given is 6. This specific pair is the outlier because it does not follow the consistent pattern where the second number corresponds exactly to the digit in the tens place of the two-digit number.

Explanation

TRPS consists exclusively of the consonants T, R, P, and S. It is the only letter group in the given set that does not contain any vowels (A, E, I, O, U), whereas all the other options include at least one vowel.