SSC CGL Tier 1 2014 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The relationship in the first pair is n : n(n+1) or n : n² + n, as 11 * 12 = 132. Applying the same logic to the options, 9 * 10 = 90, which matches option B.

Explanation

The relationship in the analogy is squaring the number: (1/9) squared is 1/81, and (1/13) squared is 1/169. Option A correctly follows this mathematical pattern.

Explanation

The relationship follows the logic of opposite letters in the English alphabet, where the position of a letter from the start is matched with the letter at the same position from the end. In terms of numerical positions, the sum of the corresponding letters is 27. In the first part, A (1) corresponds to Z (26) and B (2) corresponds to Y (25). Applying this pattern to the second part, C is the 3rd letter from the start, so its equivalent is the 3rd letter from the end, which is X. Similarly, D is the 4th letter from the start, making its equivalent the 4th letter from the end, which is W. Therefore, CD becomes XW.

Explanation

The analogy follows the relationship between an animal and the specific culinary term used for its meat. In English nomenclature, while the animal is called a sheep, its meat is referred to as mutton. Similarly, the meat obtained from a deer is specifically known as venison. This term is derived from the Latin word venari, which means to hunt, and has historically been used to describe the flesh of any edible game, though in modern usage it refers exclusively to deer meat.

Explanation

This analogy represents the relationship between a professional and the primary raw material they use in their craft. A cobbler works with leather to create or repair items such as shoes and belts. Similarly, a tailor works with cloth as the fundamental material to stitch or alter garments.

Explanation

The relationship between the first two terms is based on the reversal of the order of letters. The word FLOWER consists of the letters in positions 1 to 6, which are then written in the reverse order 6-5-4-3-2-1 to form REWOLF. Applying this same logic to the word FRUITS, the sequence of letters F(1), R(2), U(3), I(4), T(5), S(6) is reversed to yield S(6), T(5), I(4), U(3), R(2), F(1), resulting in the word STIURF.

Explanation

The letter group OLTF is the odd one among the given options because it contains a vowel, which is the letter O. In contrast, all the other letter groups—TPDC, BKDF, and BJLQ—consist entirely of consonants. This classification based on the presence of vowels is a standard pattern in alphabetical reasoning questions.

Explanation

Dilution is the odd term because it refers to the process of reducing the concentration of a solute in a solution or weakening the potency of a liquid by adding a solvent. This concept specifically describes a change in the internal density, composition, or strength of a substance. In contrast, the remaining terms are used to describe the spatial behavior, spreading, or redirection of entities. Distribution and dispersion involve the scattering or allocation of items over an area, while diversion refers to turning something aside from its intended course. Dilution is distinct as it pertains to chemical or physical intensity rather than spatial arrangement or movement.

Explanation

The numbers in the set follow the mathematical pattern n³ - n, where n is an integer. Applying this formula, we get 2³ - 2 = 6, 3³ - 3 = 24, and 5³ - 5 = 120. These numbers can also be expressed as the product of three consecutive integers: 1 × 2 × 3 = 6, 2 × 3 × 4 = 24, and 4 × 5 × 6 = 120. The number 64 is a perfect cube (4³) and does not fit this sequence, as the expected value for n = 4 would be 4³ - 4 = 60.

Explanation

The term bachelor is the only masculine gender noun in the group. It represents a male, which distinguishes it from the rest of the terms that specifically denote females. This categorical difference in gender makes it the odd one out.

Explanation

The number 97 is a prime number, meaning it has no divisors other than 1 and itself. Furthermore, it is not divisible by 11. The other three numbers in the set are composite numbers that share the common property of being multiples of 11: 88 = 11 × 8, 121 = 11 × 11, and 132 = 11 × 12. As 97 is the only prime number and the only number not divisible by 11, it is the odd alternative.

Explanation

The letters I, E, and O are vowels in the English alphabet, whereas B is a consonant. Furthermore, if we consider the numerical positions of these letters in alphabetical order, I is the 9th letter, E is the 5th, and O is the 15th. These positions are all represented by odd numbers. In contrast, B is the 2nd letter, which is represented by an even number. Both the vowel-consonant distinction and the parity of their alphabetical positions identify B as the odd element.

Explanation

To arrange words in dictionary order, we compare them character by character from left to right. All four words share the first five letters Necro. Comparing the sixth letter of each word, we have l in Necrology (A), m in Necromancy (B), and p in both Necrophilia (D) and Necropolis (C). In alphabetical order, l comes before m, and m comes before p, which establishes the first two positions as (A) then (B). To distinguish between the two words starting with Necrop, we look at the seventh letter. Necrophilia (D) has the letter h, while Necropolis (C) has the letter o. Because h precedes o in the alphabet, Necrophilia (D) comes before Necropolis (C). Following this logic, the complete dictionary sequence is (A), (B), (D), (C).

Explanation

The chronological development of a flowering plant begins with a seedling (D), which is the young plant emerging from the embryonic stage. As the seedling undergoes vegetative growth, it matures into a full-grown plant (A). Once the plant reaches reproductive maturity, it produces flowers that undergo pollination and fertilization to develop into fruits (C). These fruits serve as the protective vessel for the seeds (B), which are the final products of the reproductive cycle and contain the embryos for the next generation. Therefore, the sequence (D), (A), (C), (B) represents the logical biological progression from early growth to the formation of reproductive units.

Explanation

The given sequence follows a pattern where each subsequent term is obtained by adding increasing powers of 2 to the preceding term. The differences between consecutive terms are 3 - 2 = 1 (2⁰), 5 - 3 = 2 (2¹), 9 - 5 = 4 (2²), and 17 - 9 = 8 (2³). This indicates that the differences themselves form a geometric progression with a common ratio of 2. To find the next term in the series, the next power of 2, which is 2⁴ = 16, must be added to the last known term. Thus, the missing term is 17 + 16 = 33. Alternatively, the series follows the recursive formula aₙ = 2aₙ₋₁ - 1, such that 2(17) - 1 = 33.

Explanation

The series follows the recursive formula aₙ = 2aₙ₋₁ - 2. Applying this rule to each term, we find 7 × 2 - 2 = 12, 12 × 2 - 2 = 22, 22 × 2 - 2 = 42, and 42 × 2 - 2 = 82. Following this logic, the missing term is 82 × 2 - 2 = 164 - 2 = 162.

Alternatively, the pattern can be identified by looking at the differences between consecutive terms. The differences are 12 - 7 = 5, 22 - 12 = 10, 42 - 22 = 20, and 82 - 42 = 40. The differences themselves form a geometric progression where each term is multiplied by 2 to get the next difference (5, 10, 20, 40, …). The next difference in this sequence is 40 × 2 = 80. Adding this difference to the last given term, we get 82 + 80 = 162.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where each letter in the triplet is shifted forward by one position in the English alphabet to obtain the next term.

For the first letter of each term: A → B → C → D. For the second letter of each term: C → D → E → F. For the third letter of each term: E → F → G → H.

By incrementing each letter of the third term CEG by one, we obtain the next term in the sequence as DFH.

Explanation

The series follows an alternating pattern involving two distinct alphabetical sequences. The first sequence consists of terms at the first, third, and fifth positions, while the second sequence consists of terms at the second and fourth positions. The terms in the first sequence are consecutive sets of three letters starting from the beginning of the alphabet: ABC (letters 1, 2, 3) is followed by DEF (letters 4, 5, 6). To find the fifth term, we continue this progression after DEF. The next three consecutive letters in the alphabet are G, H, and I, resulting in the group GHI.

Explanation

The word CHANGE cannot be formed because it contains the letter G, which is not present in the base word MERCHANDISE. The letters available in MERCHANDISE are M, E, R, C, H, A, N, D, I, S, and E. Since the letter G is missing from this set, the word CHANGE cannot be constructed.

Explanation

Substituting the mathematical signs from option b into the expression 24349 results in the equation 2 × 4 - 3 + 4 = 9. To verify the balance of the equation, apply the BODMAS rule, which dictates the order of operations as multiplication, followed by addition and subtraction. First, multiply 2 and 4 to get 8. The equation then simplifies to 8 - 3 + 4 = 9. Performing the operations from left to right, subtract 3 from 8 to obtain 5, and then add 4 to arrive at 9. Since the calculation on the left side equals 9, the equation is perfectly balanced.

Explanation

The total number of shirts is calculated by determining the net number of boxes available in the shop and multiplying by the number of shirts per box. Initially, the total number of boxes is the product of the number of cupboards, racks per cupboard, and boxes per rack.

Initial boxes = 54 × 28 × 10 = 15,120

One day, 500 boxes were sold and 250 boxes were purchased, resulting in a net decrease of 250 boxes (500 - 250 = 250). The remaining number of boxes in the shop is:

Remaining boxes = 15,120 - 250 = 14,870

Since each box contains 4 shirts, the total number of shirts present on that day is:

Total shirts = 14,870 × 4 = 59,480

Explanation

The statement is verified by substituting the symbols with their respective mathematical operations. Based on the logic of the provided answer, the symbol > represents addition +, the symbol + represents division ÷, and the symbol - represents equality =.

Substituting these operations into statement b, the expression 9 > 5 > 4 - 18 + 9 > 16 is rewritten as: 9 + 5 + 4 = 18 ÷ 9 + 16

Calculating the left-hand side: 9 + 5 + 4 = 18

Calculating the right-hand side using the order of operations, division is performed before addition: 18 ÷ 9 = 2 2 + 16 = 18

The equality 18 = 18 holds true, confirming the statement.

Explanation

The age difference between Mahesh and Babu can be calculated by determining the individual ages or by summing the relative age gaps provided in the problem. Mahesh is 60 years old. Ram is 5 years junior to Mahesh, so Ram's age is 60 - 5 = 55 years. Since Ram is 4 years senior to Raju, Raju's age is 55 - 4 = 51 years. Babu is 6 years junior to Raju, which means Babu is 51 - 6 = 45 years old. The difference between Mahesh's age (60) and Babu's age (45) is 60 - 45 = 15 years.

Alternatively, the total age difference is the sum of the sequential gaps: 5 years (Mahesh to Ram) + 4 years (Ram to Raju) + 6 years (Raju to Babu), which equals 5 + 4 + 6 = 15 years.

Explanation

To find the code for the word smiling, we compare the given statements to identify common words and their corresponding codes through elimination.

First, compare Sue Re Nik (She is brave) and Pi Sor Re Nik (She is always smiling). The common words are She and is, which correspond to the common codes Re and Nik.

Next, compare Pi Sor Re Nik (She is always smiling) and Sor Ri Zhi (is always cheerful). The word always is common to both. Looking at the codes, Sor is the common code between these two statements that is not part of the Re/Nik pair. Therefore, always is coded as Sor.

In the second statement Pi Sor Re Nik (She is always smiling), we have already assigned Re and Nik to She and is, and Sor to always. The only word left in this statement is smiling, and the only code remaining is Pi. Thus, the code for smiling is Pi.

Explanation

The pattern used to solve these equations follows the formula x + 2y = z, where x represents the first number and y represents the second number in the addition expression. Applying this logic to the given examples: for 1 + 4 = 9, the calculation is 1 + 2(4) = 1 + 8 = 9. For 2 + 8 = 18, the calculation is 2 + 2(8) = 2 + 16 = 18. For 3 + 6 = 15, the calculation is 3 + 2(6) = 3 + 12 = 15. To determine the value for 7 + 8, we apply the same formula: 7 + 2(8) = 7 + 16 = 23.

Explanation

The coding follows a pattern where each letter is represented by the sum of the digits of its numerical position in the English alphabet (A=1, B=2, …, Z=26). For the letter Z, which is the 26th letter, the value is taken as 0 (consistent with 26 26 = 0).

For PKROK: P is the 16th letter: 1 + 6 = 7 K is the 11th letter: 1 + 1 = 2 R is the 18th letter: 1 + 8 = 9 O is the 15th letter: 1 + 5 = 6 K is the 11th letter: 1 + 1 = 2 Result: 72962

For KRRPK: K is the 11th letter: 1 + 1 = 2 R is the 18th letter: 1 + 8 = 9 R is the 18th letter: 1 + 8 = 9 P is the 16th letter: 1 + 6 = 7 K is the 11th letter: 1 + 1 = 2 Result: 29972

For NJMLZ: N is the 14th letter: 1 + 4 = 5 J is the 10th letter: 1 + 0 = 1 M is the 13th letter: 1 + 3 = 4 L is the 12th letter: 1 + 2 = 3 Z is the 26th letter: 26 26 = 0 Result: 51430

Explanation

The coding pattern involves shifting each letter of the original word forward by two positions in the alphabetical sequence. In the word FATHER, the transformation is as follows: F shifts to H (F+2), A shifts to C (A+2), T shifts to V (T+2), H shifts to J (H+2), E shifts to G (E+2), and R shifts to T (R+2). Applying this same logic to the word SHIP, the letter S shifts to U, H shifts to J, I shifts to K, and P shifts to R. Consequently, the code for SHIP is UJKR.

Explanation

The word REPUTATION consists of the letters R, E, P, U, T, A, T, I, O, and N. To determine if a word can be formed, each letter in the target word must be present in the source word in sufficient quantity. The word TUTOR requires two Ts, one U, one O, and one R. Since REPUTATION contains two Ts and one each of U, O, and R, all the necessary characters are available to construct the word TUTOR.

Explanation

In a reverse alphabetical order, the standard position P of a letter is calculated from its reverse position R using the formula P = 27 - R. For the sequence 11, 15, 26, 13, 22, applying this formula yields the following standard positions:

27 - 11 = 16, which corresponds to the letter P. 27 - 15 = 12, which corresponds to the letter L. 27 - 26 = 1, which corresponds to the letter A. 27 - 13 = 14, which corresponds to the letter N. 27 - 22 = 5, which corresponds to the letter E.

The resulting sequence of letters is PLANE, which is a meaningful word in the English language.

Explanation

The phrase the husband of my wife refers directly to Amit himself. Consequently, the sister of the husband of my wife is the sister of Amit. This establishes that the woman sitting next to him is his sister.

Explanation

Let the starting point be represented by the coordinates (0, 0) on a Cartesian plane where the y-axis represents North-South and the x-axis represents East-West. Sharada first moves 15 metres south, reaching the point (0, -15). She then turns left; when facing south, a left turn is towards the east. Moving 15 metres east brings her to the point (15, -15). She turns left a second time; while facing east, a left turn is towards the north. Moving 15 metres north changes her position to (15, -15 + 15), which is (15, 0). The distance from the starting point (0, 0) to the final point (15, 0) is 15 metres. Since the final point has a positive x-coordinate and a y-coordinate of zero relative to the origin, she is exactly 15 metres East of her starting point.

Explanation

Sonia's total displacement can be calculated by broken down into horizontal and vertical components. She first travels 4 km East and later another 4 km East after a turn, resulting in a total horizontal displacement of 4 + 4 = 8 km. Her 6 km travel to the left (North) represents her total vertical displacement. By forming a right-angled triangle where the base is 8 km and the height is 6 km, the direct distance from the starting point to the finishing point is the hypotenuse. Using the Pythagoras theorem, the distance is √(8² + 6²) = √(64 + 36) = √(100) = 10 km.

Explanation

Autism is classified as a developmental disability because it typically appears during early childhood and significantly impacts the brain's normal development regarding social interaction and communication skills. Scientific research identifies genetics and heredity as major contributing factors, alongside structural and functional differences in the brain's growth. These neurological variations affect how neurons communicate and how the brain processes information, confirming that both the nature of the condition and its biological origins are accurately described.

Explanation

The statement explicitly says only a few Indians include science in their heritage, which directly contradicts Conclusion I. Since only a few acknowledge the scientific aspect, it logically follows that many Indians are not aware of the great scientific heritage, making Conclusion II valid.

Explanation

The relationship established in the first pair is based on a specialist and their subject of study or collection. A demographer is a scientist who studies the characteristics of human populations, specifically people. Similarly, a philatelist is an individual who specializes in the study and collection of postage stamps and postal history.

Explanation

The first term RIAHC is obtained by writing the letters of the word CHAIR in reverse order. Following this same pattern, reversing the sequence of letters in OGNAM results in the word MANGO. In this analogy, the relationship is defined by a simple character-level inversion of the string.

Explanation

The sequence of letters follows a specific shifting pattern based on their numerical positions in the English alphabet. In the first part of the analogy, the term PNS is transformed into OOT by applying the operations: 16 - 1 = 15 (P to O), 14 + 1 = 15 (N to O), and 19 + 1 = 20 (S to T). This establishes a logic of shifting the first letter backward by one and the subsequent two letters forward by one. Applying this same -1, +1, +1 shifting rule to the letters of DBH yields the next term. For the first letter, D - 1 = C (4 - 1 = 3); for the second letter, B + 1 = C (2 + 1 = 3); and for the third letter, H + 1 = I (8 + 1 = 9). Following these steps results in the letter combination CCI.

Explanation

The relationship in the analogy is determined by the sum of the digits of each number. For the pair 64 and 54, the sum of the digits of 64 is 6 + 4 = 10, while the sum of the digits of 54 is 5 + 4 = 9. This indicates a pattern where the sum of the digits of the second term is exactly one less than the sum of the digits of the first term (10 - 1 = 9).

Applying this logic to the first pair, the sum of the digits of the number 91 is 9 + 1 = 10. To maintain the established pattern, the missing number must have a digit sum that is one less than 10, which is 9. Among the alternatives, 63 is the related number because the sum of its digits is 6 + 3 = 9.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of terms is established by multiplying both the numerator and the denominator by 10 and then subtracting 1. For the ratio 2/3, the numerator transformation is (2 × 10) - 1 = 19 and the denominator transformation is (3 × 10) - 1 = 29, resulting in the term 19/29. Applying this same logic to the ratio 8/7, the numerator becomes (8 × 10) - 1 = 79 and the denominator becomes (7 × 10) - 1 = 69.

Explanation

The relationship between the words in the given pair is that of a part to its whole. A sepal is a specific anatomical component of a flower that protects the bud before it opens. Similarly, a tyre is a constituent part of a bicycle, representing a physical component necessary for the complete structure and function of the vehicle. Both pairs follow the part-to-whole logic where the first term is an element of the second term.

Explanation

A knife is primarily a cutting instrument used for slicing or carving. It is distinct from the other items because they are classified as mechanical hand tools or hardware tools used for fastening, loosening, or gripping components like screws and bolts during assembly or repair work.

Explanation

The letter group FMEL is the odd one out because it deviates from the positional pattern of consecutive alphabetical pairs. In the other groups, the first and fourth letters are consecutive in reverse alphabetical order, and the second and third letters are also consecutive in reverse alphabetical order. In FMEL, the letters follow a different arrangement where the first and third letters (F and E) are consecutive, and the second and fourth letters (M and L) are consecutive. This shift in the placement of alphabetically adjacent letters distinguishes FMEL from the consistent pattern of the set.

Explanation

In the given alternatives, the letter groups consist of pairs of alphabetical opposites where the sum of their positions equals 27. The standard progression for these sequences follows the logic that the first and third letters increase in alphabetical order (L3 = L1 + 1) while the second and fourth letters decrease in order (L4 = L2 - 1). The group TGSH is the odd one out because it reverses this arithmetic pattern; the first and third letters follow a decreasing sequence (T → S or 20 → 19) and the second and fourth letters follow an increasing sequence (G → H or 7 → 8).

Explanation

The number 101 is the only value in the set where the product of the first and second digits is not equal to the third digit. In 101, multiplying the hundreds digit 1 by the tens digit 0 results in 0, which differs from the units digit 1. The other numbers provided follow a consistent mathematical pattern where the product of the first two digits yields the third digit, such as 2 × 1 = 2, 3 × 2 = 6, and 1 × 1 = 1.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in the given pairs follows the pattern where the second number is the product of the first number and twelve, expressed by the formula y = 12x. In the first pair, 12 × 12 = 144. In the second pair, 13 × 12 = 156. In the third pair, 15 × 12 = 180. However, in the fourth pair, the calculation is 16 × 11 = 176. Because this pair uses a multiplier of 11 instead of 12, it deviates from the consistent mathematical logic shared by the other options.

Explanation

Paris, Athens, and London are the capital cities of France, Greece, and the United Kingdom respectively. In contrast, New York is a major global city and financial hub in the United States, but it does not serve as a capital; the national capital of the United States is Washington, D.C., and the capital of New York state is Albany. Therefore, New York is the odd one out because it lacks the status of being a capital city.

Explanation

The sequence represents the standard structural organization of a formal book or publication. The Preface (5) is the introductory statement by the author that appears at the very beginning. This is followed by the Index (2), which serves as a guide or table of contents to the book's contents. The Introduction (4) provides the necessary context and background for the subject matter before the reader proceeds to the main Chapters (1) of the text. Finally, the Bibliography (3) is positioned at the end to provide a comprehensive list of all scholarly references and sources cited in the work.

Explanation

Dictionary order is determined by comparing words letter by letter from left to right. All five words begin with the prefix Re. Comparing the third letters, c in Recollect (1) precedes m in Remember (2), which in turn precedes p in the remaining three words. This establishes the first two positions as 1 and 2.

Among the words starting with Rep, the fourth letters are e in Repeal (5) and Repeat (4), and o in Report (3). Since e comes before o, Report (3) is the last word in the sequence. To distinguish between Repeal (5) and Repeat (4), we look at the sixth letter because the first five letters R-e-p-e-a are identical. The sixth letter l in Repeal comes before the sixth letter t in Repeat. Therefore, the alphabetical order is 1, 2, 5, 4, 3.

Explanation

The series is formed by applying a specific arithmetic pattern to the positional values of the letters in each triplet.

For the first letter of each term, the sequence is T (20), Q (17), N (14), K (11). There is a constant decrease of 3 (20-3=17, 17-3=14, 14-3=11). Following this pattern, the next letter is 11-3=8, which corresponds to H.

For the second letter of each term, the sequence is M (13), N (14), O (15), P (16). There is a constant increase of 1 (13+1=14, 14+1=15, 15+1=16). Following this pattern, the next letter is 16+1=17, which corresponds to Q.

For the third letter of each term, the sequence is J (10), L (12), N (14), P (16). There is a constant increase of 2 (10+2=12, 12+2=14, 14+2=16). Following this pattern, the next letter is 16+2=18, which corresponds to R.

Combining these results, the missing term is HQR.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where each term is composed of consecutive letters of the alphabet. Both the number of letters in each term and the number of letters skipped between terms increase progressively by one.

The first term is A, which contains 1 letter. Skipping 1 letter (B) leads to the second term, CD, which contains 2 letters. Skipping 2 letters (E, F) leads to the third term, GHI, which contains 3 letters.

Following this progression, the number of skipped letters after GHI must be 3 (J, K, and L). The missing term must then contain the next 4 consecutive letters of the alphabet. Starting from the letter M, these four letters are MNOP. This is consistent with the start of the final term, as skipping 4 letters after P (Q, R, S, and T) leads to the letter U.