SSC CGL Tier 1 2020 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where in each step, two consecutive letters are shifted forward by an increasing sequence of integers (+1, +2, +3, …, +8), while the other letters remain unchanged.

In the first transition (PROGRESS to QTOGRESS), the first and second letters are modified: P + 1 = Q and R + 2 = T. In the second transition (QTOGRESS to QTRKRESS), the third and fourth letters are modified: O + 3 = R and G + 4 = K.

To find the missing fourth term from QTRKRESS, the fifth and sixth letters must be modified by +5 and +6 respectively. Calculating these gives R + 5 = W and E + 6 = K. Keeping the prefix QTRK and the suffix SS unchanged, the resulting term is QTRKWKSS. This logic is confirmed by the final transition to QTRKWKZA, where the seventh and eighth letters are modified by +7 and +8, resulting in S + 7 = Z and S + 8 = A (using cyclic alphabetical order where 19 + 8 = 27 ≡ 1).

Explanation

Arteries are blood vessels that form a vital part of the circulatory system, responsible for transporting oxygenated blood away from the heart to various tissues. This establishes a part-to-whole relationship where a specific organ or tissue is classified under its respective physiological system. Nerves share this exact relationship with the nervous system, as they are the primary conduits for transmitting sensory and motor signals throughout the body, functioning as the fundamental structural components of the nervous system.

Explanation

To find the day of the week for 5 February 2008, we calculate the total number of odd days from the beginning of the calendar era until that date.

The number of odd days in 2000 years is 0. We then look at the completed years from 2001 to 2007. In these 7 years, there is 1 leap year (2004) and 6 ordinary years. The number of odd days is calculated as (1 × 2) + (6 × 1) = 8 days. Reducing this by weeks, 8 7 = 1 odd day.

Next, we calculate the days passed in the year 2008 up to the given date. January has 31 days and February has 5 days, totaling 31 + 5 = 36 days. The number of odd days in 36 days is 36 7 = 1 odd day.

The total number of odd days is 1 (from 2001–2007) + 1 (from 2008) = 2 odd days. In the standard calendar mapping where 0 is Sunday and 1 is Monday, 2 odd days correspond to Tuesday.

Explanation

The coding logic involves calculating the sum of the positional values of the letters in reverse alphabetical order (A=26, B=25, …, Z=1) and then multiplying this sum by the total number of letters in the word. The reverse positional value of a letter can be found using the formula 27 - (forward positional value).

For FOX: Reverse values: F = 27 - 6 = 21, O = 27 - 15 = 12, X = 27 - 24 = 3 Sum of reverse values: 21 + 12 + 3 = 36 Number of letters: 3 Calculation: 36 × 3 = 108

For SOUP: Reverse values: S = 27 - 19 = 8, O = 27 - 15 = 12, U = 27 - 21 = 6, P = 27 - 16 = 11 Sum of reverse values: 8 + 12 + 6 + 11 = 37 Number of letters: 4 Calculation: 37 × 4 = 148

For UPSIDE: Reverse values: U = 27 - 21 = 6, P = 27 - 16 = 11, S = 27 - 19 = 8, I = 27 - 9 = 18, D = 27 - 4 = 23, E = 27 - 5 = 22 Sum of reverse values: 6 + 11 + 8 + 18 + 23 + 22 = 88 Number of letters: 6 Calculation: 88 × 6 = 528

Explanation

The logic followed in the given set (14, 17, 961) is that the third number is the square of the sum of the first two numbers. This can be expressed by the formula (a + b)² = c, where a, b, and c represent the three numbers in the set. For the given set: (14 + 17)² = 31² = 961

Applying the same logic to the numbers in option c, which are (13, 19, 1024): (13 + 19)² = 32² = 1024

Explanation

The relationship in this analogy is based on the primary function or service provided by an institution. A family is the social unit responsible for the upbringing of an individual, encompassing their moral, social, and physical development during childhood. Similarly, a school is the formal institution specifically designed to provide systematic education and academic instruction. Just as the process of raising and nurturing a child is termed upbringing within the context of a family, the process of formal learning and instruction is termed education within the context of a school.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers is based on the logic x : x² - 2. For the first pair, the square of 23 is 529, and subtracting 2 gives 529 - 2 = 527. Applying the same logic to the second pair, the square of 19 is 361, and subtracting 2 results in 361 - 2 = 359.

Explanation

The logic followed in the number pairs is that the second number is the product of the digits of the first number. For the pairs 76:42, 44:16, and 55:25, the relationship is 7 × 6 = 42, 4 × 4 = 16, and 5 × 5 = 25 respectively. In the pair 28:56, the product of the digits of the first number is 2 × 8 = 16, but the second number provided is 56. This deviation from the digital product rule makes this pair the odd one out.

Explanation

Russia is a sovereign country, whereas Africa, Asia, and Europe are categorized as continents. Continents are the primary large landmasses of the Earth, while a country is a distinct political entity located within these landmasses. Russia is a transcontinental nation spanning across the continents of Europe and Asia, making it fundamentally different from the other three geographical divisions.

Explanation

The statement can be broken down into two parts to identify the common relation. In the first part, Akanksha's daughter's father refers to Akanksha's husband. The wife of Akanksha's husband is Akanksha herself. Therefore, her daughter's father's wife's mother is simply Akanksha's mother.

In the second part, Rajeev's wife's daughter is Rajeev's daughter. Rajeev's daughter's mother is Rajeev's wife. The mother-in-law of Rajeev's wife is Rajeev's own mother. By equating the two parts, Akanksha's mother is revealed to be the same person as Rajeev's mother. This implies that Rajeev and Akanksha are siblings, making Rajeev the brother of Akanksha.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern based on the second layer of differences. First, determine the difference between consecutive terms in the series: 63 - 45 = 18 101 - 63 = 38 160 - 101 = 59 241 - 160 = 81

Now, calculate the differences between these results to find the second-layer pattern: 38 - 18 = 20 59 - 38 = 21 81 - 59 = 22

The second-layer differences are increasing by 1 in an arithmetic progression (20, 21, 22). Following this pattern, the next difference in the second layer is 23. To find the next term in the first-layer difference, add 23 to 81, resulting in 104. Finally, adding this value to the last given term of the series provides the missing number: 241 + 104 = 345.

Explanation

The coding logic involves replacing each letter of the word with its immediate preceding and succeeding letters in the English alphabetical order. For the word TAPE, T is replaced by S and U, A is replaced by Z and B, P is replaced by O and Q, and E is replaced by D and F, resulting in SUZBOQDF.

Applying the same logic to MOCK: M is preceded by L and succeeded by N, giving LN. O is preceded by N and succeeded by P, giving NP. C is preceded by B and succeeded by D, giving BD. K is preceded by J and succeeded by L, giving JL.

Combining these pairs, the code for MOCK is LNNPBDJL.

Explanation

Statement 1 establishes a relationship between bottles and glasses. In syllogism, the statement Some bottles are glasses implies the converse Some glasses are bottles. Thus, conclusion II follows directly from the first statement.

Regarding the relationship between bowls and bottles, the statements provide no direct or mediated link between these two categories. Conclusion I is a particular affirmative statement, and conclusion III is a universal negative statement involving the same two terms. In logic, these form a complementary pair. Since the relationship between bowls and bottles is unknown, they must either have an intersection or be completely separate. Consequently, while neither I nor III follows with certainty on its own, one of them must necessarily be true. This leads to the logical result that conclusion II follows along with the either-or condition between conclusions I and III.

Explanation

The series follows a specific pattern for each letter in the cluster based on its alphabetical position.

For the first letter, the sequence follows a decreasing pattern where the difference increases by 1 at each step: K(11) -1 J(10) -2 H(8) -3 E(5) -4 A(1)

For the second letter, the sequence follows an increasing pattern where the difference increases by 1 at each step: Q(17) +3 T(20) +4 X(24) +5 C(29/3) +6 I(9)

For the third letter, a constant increment of 4 is maintained throughout the series: G(7) +4 K(11) +4 O(15) +4 S(19) +4 W(23)

By applying these logic steps to the final term ECS, the next cluster is determined as 5-4=1 (A), 3+6=9 (I), and 19+4=23 (W).

Explanation

Hatred is categorized as a negative human emotion or a vice, representing intense animosity or ill-will. This characteristic makes it the odd word in the group because Peace, Non-violence, and Truth are all recognized as positive moral virtues or ethical principles that promote harmony and social well-being. Unlike these constructive values, hatred is a destructive trait that conflicts with the fundamental ideals of human morality and ethics.

Explanation

The pattern followed in the relationship is x : x³ - 2x. For the first pair, the number 7 is cubed to get 343, and then twice the original number (2 × 7 = 14) is subtracted from it, resulting in 343 - 14 = 329. Applying the same logic to the third number 9, the cube of 9 is calculated as 729. Subtracting twice the number (2 × 9 = 18) from this cube gives 729 - 18 = 711.

Explanation

Let the age of Suvarna on 1 January 2015 be S and the age of Amit be A. According to the problem, the sum of their ages is S + A = 61. Since Amit is three years younger than Suvarna, we have the relation A = S - 3. Substituting this into the first equation gives:

S + (S - 3) = 61 2S - 3 = 61 2S = 64 S = 32

Suvarna was 32 years old on 1 January 2015. To find her age on 1 January 2010, we subtract the 5-year difference between the two dates: 32 - 5 = 27 years.

Explanation

The logic followed in the number pairs is that the second number is 4 less than the square of the first number (x : x² - 4). For A (35² - 4 = 1221), B (21² - 4 = 437), and D (33² - 4 = 1085), the pattern holds true, whereas in C, 11² - 3 = 118, making it the odd one out.

Explanation

In the given letter-clusters, the common pattern involves a constant increment of 5 between the positional values of consecutive letters. In HMRV, the numerical positions of the letters are H = 8, M = 13, R = 18, and V = 22. Calculating the differences between consecutive letters, we find 13 - 8 = 5 and 18 - 13 = 5, but the final difference is 22 - 18 = 4. Because the increment between the last two letters is 4 instead of 5, HMRV deviates from the established pattern of the other clusters.

Explanation

The relationship between the words in the given pair is that of an instrument and the information it provides or measures. A calendar is a tool used to identify and organize the date. Similarly, a clock is a device used to measure and indicate time. In both cases, the first word represents the tracking or measuring instrument, while the second word represents the specific dimension or unit of measurement it displays.

Explanation

The coding logic follows the numerical positional values of each letter in the standard English alphabet, where A=1, B=2, C=3, and so on up to Z=26. In the word SERVANT, S is the 19th letter, E is the 5th, R is the 18th, V is the 22nd, A is the 1st, N is the 14th, and T is the 20th. Concatenating these values gives 195182211420.

Applying the same rule to MAGNIFY: M = 13 A = 1 G = 7 N = 14 I = 9 F = 6 Y = 25

Combining these numerical positions in sequence produces the code 1317149625.

Explanation

The given series is an alternating series composed of two distinct sequences. The first sequence consists of the characters at the odd positions (1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th): O, L, I, and F. Converting these letters to their numerical positions in the alphabet gives 15, 12, 9, and 6. This sequence follows a decreasing pattern where 3 is subtracted from each preceding term (15 - 3 = 12, 12 - 3 = 9, 9 - 3 = 6). The letter to replace the question mark is at the 9th position of the overall series, which is the next term in this specific sequence. Calculating the next value gives 6 - 3 = 3. The 3rd letter of the alphabet is C. The second sequence consists of the characters at the even positions (2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th): B, C, D, and E, which simply follows a consecutive alphabetical order (2, 3, 4, 5). Since the required term is the 9th term, it follows the first pattern, resulting in the letter C.

Explanation

The relationship established in the first pair is that of a general category and a specific sub-type or member of that category. Beverages is a broad classification for various drinks, and tea is a specific example of a drink that belongs to this category. Similarly, medicine is a broad classification for substances used to treat or prevent illness. Analgesics, which are medications specifically designed to relieve pain, represent a sub-category or specific type of medicine, thereby completing the analogy.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where each subsequent term is generated by adding consecutive prime numbers to the previous term. Calculating the differences between consecutive terms reveals this sequence:

89 - 87 = 2 92 - 89 = 3 97 - 92 = 5 104 - 97 = 7 115 - 104 = 11

The differences are 2, 3, 5, 7, and 11, which are the first five prime numbers. To find the next number in the series, we must add the next prime number in the sequence, which is 13.

115 + 13 = 128

We can verify this logic by adding the prime number that follows 13, which is 17, to our result: 128 + 17 = 145. This matches the final number provided in the series.

Explanation

The first statement, all prizes are medals, implies that the set of prizes is entirely contained within the set of medals (P ⊆ M). This lead to conclusion II because if all prizes are medals, then any object that is a prize is also a medal, meaning at least some medals are prizes.

The second statement, some prizes are certificates, indicates an intersection between the set of prizes and the set of certificates (P ∩ C ≠ ∅). This directly validates conclusion I, as the relationship of some is reciprocal; if some prizes are certificates, then some certificates must be prizes.

To evaluate conclusion III, we combine both statements. Since some certificates are prizes and every prize is categorized as a medal, the specific certificates that are prizes must necessarily be medals as well. This logical deduction confirms that some certificates are medals. Therefore, all three conclusions I, II, and III follow from the given premises.

Explanation

The coding logic follows a two-step transformation: first, the word is written in reverse order, and then consecutive integers starting from 1 are added to the positional values of the letters in that reversed sequence.

For the word DEPEND, the reverse sequence is D-N-E-P-E-D. Applying the incremental shifts: D (4) + 1 = 5 (E) N (14) + 2 = 16 (P) E (5) + 3 = 8 (H) P (16) + 4 = 20 (T) E (5) + 5 = 10 (J) D (4) + 6 = 10 (J) This results in the code EPHTJJ.

For the word TRAVEL, the reverse sequence is L-E-V-A-R-T. Applying the same incremental shifts to their alphabetical positions: L (12) + 1 = 13 (M) E (5) + 2 = 7 (G) V (22) + 3 = 25 (Y) A (1) + 4 = 5 (E) R (18) + 5 = 23 (W) T (20) + 6 = 26 (Z)

The final coded string is MGYEWZ.

Explanation

The numbers in the given set (11, 165, 209) follow the mathematical pattern (x, x × 15, x × 19).

Applying this logic to the first number 11: 11 × 15 = 165 11 × 19 = 209

Similarly, in the set (12, 180, 228), using x = 12: 12 × 15 = 180 12 × 19 = 228

The multipliers 15 and 19 remain constant, establishing the same relationship between the numbers in both sets.

Explanation

The equation 17 + 11 - 12 × 36 ÷ 6 = 80 is corrected by interchanging the signs × and - along with the numbers 6 and 12.

Following the interchange, the new expression becomes: 17 + 11 × 6 - 36 ÷ 12

Applying the BODMAS rule (Brackets, Orders, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction):

First, perform the division: 36 ÷ 12 = 3 The equation is now: 17 + 11 × 6 - 3

Next, perform the multiplication: 11 × 6 = 66 The equation is now: 17 + 66 - 3

Finally, perform addition and subtraction: 17 + 66 = 83 83 - 3 = 80

Since 80 = 80, the equation is balanced correctly.

Explanation

To determine the dictionary order, words are compared letter by letter from left to right. All six words start with the prefix Iso-. Comparing the fourth letters, we find l in Isolate, Isoline, and Isologs; m in Isomer; n in Isonomy; and t in Isotope. Since l precedes m, n, and t in the English alphabet, the first three words in the sequence must be those starting with Isol-. To rank these three, we examine their fifth letters: a in Isolate, i in Isoline, and o in Isologs. Alphabetically, a comes first, followed by i, and then o. Consequently, Isolate is the first word, Isoline is the second, and Isologs is the third.

Explanation

In the expression U + H × L - Q ÷ R - Y, we determine the relationship between L and Y by tracing the connections between the individuals. The segment L - Q indicates that L is the sister of Q. The next part, Q ÷ R, specifies that Q is the mother of R. The final part, R - Y, shows that R is the sister of Y, which establishes that R and Y are siblings and both are the children of Q. Since Q is the mother of Y and L is the sister of Q, L is the mother's sister of Y.

Explanation

The words righteousness, virtue, and probity are synonyms that specifically denote high moral standards, integrity, and ethical excellence. They represent positive character traits and the quality of being morally upright. In contrast, conduct is a neutral term that refers generally to the manner in which a person behaves or manages themselves in a particular context. Unlike the other three terms, conduct does not inherently imply a specific moral value or level of integrity, as behavior can be categorized as either good or bad.

Explanation

The pattern follows a logic where the square of the number in the first row is added to the number in the third row to obtain the number in the second row for each column.

For the first column: 7² + 4 = 49 + 4 = 53. For the second column: 11² + 6 = 121 + 6 = 127. For the third column: 14² + 3 = 196 + 3 = 199.

Following this logic, the number that replaces the question mark is 199.

Explanation

The coding logic is based on the position of each letter in the English alphabet (A=1, B=2, …, Z=26). For each letter, the numerical position is converted into a code by calculating the sum of its digits.

For the word LARVAE: L is the 12ᵗʰ letter, and 1 + 2 = 3. A is the 1ˢᵗ letter, which remains 1. R is the 18ᵗʰ letter, and 1 + 8 = 9. V is the 22ⁿᵈ letter, and 2 + 2 = 4. A is the 1ˢᵗ letter, which remains 1. E is the 5ᵗʰ letter, which remains 5. The resulting code is 3-1-9-4-1-5.

Applying the same logic to the word INSECT: I is the 9ᵗʰ letter, which remains 9. N is the 14ᵗʰ letter, and 1 + 4 = 5. S is the 19ᵗʰ letter, and 1 + 9 = 10. E is the 5ᵗʰ letter, which remains 5. C is the 3ʳᵈ letter, which remains 3. T is the 20ᵗʰ letter, and 2 + 0 = 2. Following this sequence, the code for INSECT is 9-5-10-5-3-2.

Explanation

The series follows a specific arithmetic pattern for each letter position within the clusters based on their numerical values in the English alphabet.

For the first letter of each cluster, the pattern is D(4) + 3 = G(7), G(7) + 3 = J(10), and J(10) + 3 = M(13). Following this +3 increment, the next letter is 13 + 3 = 16, which corresponds to P.

For the second letter, the pattern is A(27) - 4 = W(23), W(23) - 4 = S(19), and S(19) - 4 = O(15). Following this -4 decrement, the next letter is 15 - 4 = 11, which corresponds to K.

For the third letter, the pattern is C(3) + 5 = H(8), H(8) + 5 = M(13), and M(13) + 5 = R(18). Following this +5 increment, the next letter is 18 + 5 = 23, which corresponds to W.

Combining these results, the next cluster in the series is PKW.

Explanation

The given sequence is an alternating series consisting of two separate patterns for the odd-positioned and even-positioned terms. The terms at the first, third, and fifth positions are 17, 15, and 13 respectively, which follow a pattern of subtracting 2 (17 - 2 = 15 and 15 - 2 = 13). The terms at the second, fourth, and sixth positions follow a pattern of adding 2. Starting with the second term, we have 20, and the fourth term is 22 (20 + 2 = 22). Following this logic, the sixth term is obtained by adding 2 to the fourth term. The calculation is 22 + 2 = 24.

Explanation

The pattern observed in the given set (109, 114, 139) involves adding specific constants to the preceding numbers. The difference between the first and second number is 114 - 109 = 5, and the difference between the second and third number is 139 - 114 = 25.

This relationship is perfectly maintained in the set (313, 318, 343). Calculating the differences for this set yields: 318 - 313 = 5 343 - 318 = 25

The logic of adding 5 to the first number and 25 to the second number confirms that the set in option d follows the same mathematical rule as the original set.

Explanation

The equation 225 + 5 × 3 ÷ 5 - 7 = 133 is corrected by interchanging the signs + and ÷. Applying this change, the left-hand side of the equation becomes 225 ÷ 5 × 3 + 5 - 7. Following the BODMAS rule (Brackets, Orders, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction), the calculation proceeds as follows:

225 ÷ 5 × 3 + 5 - 7 = 45 × 3 + 5 - 7 = 135 + 5 - 7 = 140 - 7 = 133

The result matches the value on the right-hand side of the original equation.

Explanation

Eshwar is the father of Arsh, placing Eshwar in the first generation and Arsh in the second. Arsh is the father of Shivam, and since Shivam and Dhruv are brothers, Arsh is also the father of Dhruv. The problem states that Dhruv is the son of Bimla. Since Arsh is the father of Dhruv and Bimla is the mother of Dhruv, Arsh and Bimla are husband and wife. Therefore, Bimla is the wife of Eshwar's son Arsh, making her the daughter-in-law of Eshwar.

Explanation

The relationship established in the given pair is that of a dwelling place and the animal that lives in it. A hive is the specific shelter or structure where bees reside. Similarly, a burrow is the natural underground hole or tunnel system that serves as the habitat and home for a hare. Both pairs correctly identify a specific living environment associated with the respective animal.

Explanation

By substituting the signs from the first option into the given expression (12 7 6) 13 6 sequentially, the equation becomes:

(12 × 7 - 6) ÷ 13 = 6

According to the BODMAS rule, operations inside brackets are performed first, with multiplication preceding subtraction.

12 × 7 = 84 84 - 6 = 78

Now, substitute this result back into the main equation:

78 ÷ 13 = 6

Calculating the division:

6 = 6

The left-hand side equals the right-hand side, balancing the equation perfectly.

Explanation

The coding logic follows a pattern where adjacent pairs of letters in the word are swapped. In the word STRAIGHT, the letters are grouped as (ST), (RA), (IG), and (HT). Reversing the order within each pair results in TS, AR, GI, and TH, which combines to form the code TSARGITH.

Applying this same logic to the word THURSDAY, we divide it into pairs: (TH), (UR), (SD), and (AY). Swapping the positions of the letters in each pair gives HT, RU, DS, and YA. Concatenating these pairs in order yields the final coded word HTRUDSYA.

Explanation

Conclusion I follows directly from the second statement. According to the rules of syllogism, a universal affirmative statement (All rockets are engines) can be converted into a particular affirmative statement (Some engines are rockets). Since the set of rockets is entirely contained within the set of engines, any rocket is also an engine, ensuring that the intersection between engines and rockets is non-empty.

Conclusion II follows from the combination of both statements. The first statement establishes that there is an overlap between the set of cars and the set of rockets. The second statement places the entire set of rockets inside the set of engines. Therefore, those cars that are rockets are also necessarily engines. This logical chain confirms that at least some members of the car set belong to the engine set, making the conclusion that some engines are cars valid.

Explanation

To arrange these words in dictionary order, compare them letter by letter from left to right. The first three letters gem are common to all words. Looking at the fourth letter, Geminate (2), Geminal (4), and Gemini (5) have the letter i, Gemlike (1) has l, and Gemmier (3) has m. Since i precedes l and l precedes m in the alphabet, the words starting with gemi- come first, followed by geml-, and then gemm-.

Among the words starting with gemi-, all three share the prefix gemin-. Comparing the sixth letter, Geminal (4) and Geminate (2) both have a, while Gemini (5) has i. Since a comes before i, Gemini (5) is placed after Geminal and Geminate. Between Geminal (4) and Geminate (2), the seventh letter l in Geminal comes before the seventh letter t in Geminate. This establishes the sequence for the first three words as 4, 2, 5.

Finally, Gemlike (1) is placed fourth because its fourth letter l comes before the fourth letter m in Gemmier (3). Combining these observations, the correct dictionary order is 4, 2, 5, 1, 3.

Explanation

The relationship in the given pair is based on the characteristic sound produced by an entity. A jackal is an animal known for its distinctive howling sound. Similarly, the repetitive, light tapping sound made by rain falling on a surface is specifically described as a patter. Therefore, the sound associated with rain is a patter.

Explanation

The given letter series follows a pattern of incremental repetition where the number of consecutive w and s characters increases by one in each successive set. By filling the blanks with the letters W, S, S, S, the sequence is completed as WswwsSwwwsSswwwwSsss. This sequence can be divided into four distinct groups: ws, wwss, wwwsss, and wwwwssss. Each group consists of n occurrences of the letter w followed by n occurrences of the letter s, where n represents the group number starting from 1. This mathematical progression (n=1 to n=4) accounts for all 20 positions in the series.

Explanation

The letter-cluster FGH follows a consecutive forward alphabetical sequence where each subsequent letter is the immediate successor of the previous one, following a +1, +1 pattern in terms of positional values (6, 7, 8). In contrast, the other three clusters YXW (25, 24, 23), NML (14, 13, 12), and TSR (20, 19, 18) all follow a consecutive reverse alphabetical sequence where each subsequent letter is the immediate predecessor of the previous one, following a -1, -1 pattern. Thus, FGH is the odd cluster because its alphabetical progression is increasing rather than decreasing.

Explanation

Assume the total number of married couples in the survey is 100. The number of couples with only one child is 20% of 100, which is 20. The number of remaining couples is 100 - 20 = 80.

From these remaining couples, 45% have two children. This is calculated as 0.45 × 80 = 36. The rest of the couples have three or more children. Subtracting the two-child couples from the previous remainder gives 80 - 36 = 44. Therefore, out of the original 100 couples, 44 have three or more children, which represents 44%.

Explanation

The numbers follow the relationship y = x × 4.25, which can also be expressed as y = (x × 4) + ˣ⁄₄. For the first pair, 52 × 4 = 208 and ⁵²⁄₄ = 13, then 208 + 13 = 221. In the third pair, 64 × 4 = 256 and ⁶⁴⁄₄ = 16, then 256 + 16 = 272. Applying this logic to the second pair, we calculate 20 × 4 = 80 and ²⁰⁄₄ = 5. Summing these results gives 80 + 5 = 85.

Explanation

The relationship between Turmeric and Spices is that of an item to its broader category, where Turmeric is a specific type of spice. Similarly, Dates are a specific type of fruit that belongs to the category of Dry Fruits. Both pairs follow the classification logic where the first word is a member or subset of the general group represented by the second word.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where each corresponding letter in the clusters increases by a constant value of +2 in alphabetical order. In the first position, the letters are A(1), C(3), E(5), G(7), and I(9), following a +2 progression. In the second position, the letters follow the sequence O(15), Q(17), S(19), U(21), and W(23), also increasing by +2 at each step. In the third position, the letters are S(19), U(21), W(23), Y(25), and A(27/1), maintaining the +2 increment. Applying this +2 logic to the cluster CQU results in the first letter C(3) + 2 = E(5), the second letter Q(17) + 2 = S(19), and the third letter U(21) + 2 = W(23).