SSC CGL Tier 1 2017 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The target weight of 100 kilograms cannot be achieved by any combination of the boxes weighing 30, 40, 50, and 80 kilograms. Using only a single box, the available weights are 30, 40, 50, or 80. When combining any two boxes, the possible sums are 30 + 40 = 70, 30 + 50 = 80, 30 + 80 = 110, 40 + 50 = 90, 40 + 80 = 120, and 50 + 80 = 130; none of these results in 100. For combinations of three boxes, the minimum possible sum is 30 + 40 + 50 = 120. Since this minimum sum already exceeds 100, no combination of three or four boxes can equal that value. Therefore, it is impossible to form a total weight of 100 kilograms using each box only once.

Explanation

The word TEAM requires the letter M, which is not present in the base word DUPLICATE. The set of available letters in DUPLICATE consists of D, U, P, L, I, C, A, T, and E. Since the letter M is missing from this set, the word TEAM cannot be constructed.

Explanation

The coding logic is based on shifting each letter of the word three places backward in alphabetical order. In the word PRIMATE, the transformation works as follows: P -3 M, R -3 O, I -3 F, M -3 J, A -3 X, T -3 Q, and E -3 B.

Applying this same logic to COW: The letter C is the 3rd letter. Moving 3 steps back in a circular alphabet (3 - 3 = 0) results in Z. The letter O is the 15th letter. Moving 3 steps back (15 - 3 = 12) results in L. The letter W is the 23rd letter. Moving 3 steps back (23 - 3 = 20) results in T.

Explanation

Based on the coding logic required to reach the specified result, the mathematical operators in the expression are substituted as follows: the plus sign represents multiplication, the minus sign represents addition, and the division sign represents subtraction. Applying these replacements to the given expression 11 + 50 - 150 ÷ 200, we get the modified numerical sequence 11 × 50 + 150 - 200.

Following the BODMAS rule for the order of operations, multiplication is performed first: 11 × 50 = 550. The expression then simplifies to 550 + 150 - 200. Next, the addition is carried out: 550 + 150 = 700. Finally, subtracting 200 from 700 results in 500.

Explanation

The numerical logic applied in these equations follows the specific formula (A - B) × 2, where A is the first number and B is the second number in the expression.

Applying this pattern to the provided examples: For 7 × 1, the result is (7 - 1) × 2 = 6 × 2 = 12. For 5 × 4, the result is (5 - 4) × 2 = 1 × 2 = 2. For 6 × 4, the result is (6 - 4) × 2 = 2 × 2 = 4.

To find the value of the final expression 7 × 4, we apply the same rule: (7 - 4) × 2 = 3 × 2 = 6.

Explanation

The logic followed in this table is that the middle number in each row is the product of the first number and the third number.

In the first row, the operation is 18 × 5 = 90.

In the second row, the operation is 13 × 11 = 143.

Following this pattern for the third row, the missing number is obtained by multiplying the first and third elements: 7 × 5 = 35.

Explanation

The man's displacement can be determined by tracking his movements on a coordinate plane, starting at (0, 0). His first move is 7 km East to (7, 0), followed by 12 km South to (7, -12). He then cycles 7 km West, which brings his position to (7 - 7, -12) = (0, -12). At this point, he is facing West. A turn to the left from a Westward heading results in a Southward direction. Cycling 10 km South from (0, -12) places him at (0, -12 - 10) = (0, -22). The final position is 22 km South relative to the starting point.

Explanation

The relationship between the terms can be established using standard syllogistic rules. Statement 1 is a universal affirmative proposition of the form All S is P (All steel is iron), and Statement 2 is a universal negative proposition of the form No P is R (No iron is solid).

By combining these statements, where iron acts as the middle term, we apply the logic that if every member of the first set (steel) belongs to the second set (iron), and the second set has no intersection with the third set (solid), then the first set can have no intersection with the third set. This confirms that No steel is solid, making Conclusion I logically valid.

For Conclusion II, Statement 1 (All steel is iron) can be converted into a particular affirmative proposition. In formal logic, the statement All A is B implies that some B is A through the process of conversion. Since all steel is iron, there must exist some iron that is steel. Therefore, Conclusion II also follows directly from the first statement. Since both conclusions are logically sound, both I and II follow.

Explanation

The analogy is based on the relationship between a writing instrument and the specific substance it uses to create marks. A pencil contains lead (graphite) as its core marking material. Similarly, a pen requires ink as the medium to function and produce writing on a surface.

Explanation

The pattern follows a consistent forward shift of 6 positions in the English alphabet for each letter. Mapping the first pair DGI to JMO, we see that D (4) + 6 = J (10), G (7) + 6 = M (13), and I (9) + 6 = O (15). Applying this identical +6 shift to the second group RUW results in R (18) + 6 = 24, which is X; U (21) + 6 = 27, which wraps around the alphabet to A; and W (23) + 6 = 29, which wraps around to C. Therefore, the related letters are XAC.

Explanation

The logic followed in the first pair is a simple multiplication by 2. When we multiply the first number by 2, we get the second number: 236 × 2 = 472. Applying the same mathematical operation to the second ratio, we multiply 123 by 2, which results in 123 × 2 = 246.

Explanation

A cycle is a non-motorized vehicle that is propelled by human power rather than an engine. It typically functions as a two-wheeled mode of transport, which distinguishes it from the group of four-wheeled motor vehicles listed in the other options.

Explanation

In the letter group GED, the alphabetical positions of the letters are G = 7, E = 5, and D = 4. The difference between the first and second letter is 7 - 5 = 2, and the difference between the second and third letter is 5 - 4 = 1. This sequence of differences (2, 1) identifies it as the odd one out because it deviates from the consistent pattern of consecutive reverse alphabetical order, which requires a constant difference of 1 between all adjacent letters.

Explanation

The number 21 is a composite number because it has factors other than 1 and itself, specifically 3 and 7, such that 3 × 7 = 21. All other numbers in the set are prime numbers, meaning they possess exactly two distinct factors: 1 and the number itself. Therefore, 21 is the odd number in the group based on its property as a composite number.

Explanation

The words in the series follow a logical pattern based on the position of the letter l. In the word Laugh, l is the 1st letter. In the word Alter, l is the 2nd letter. In the word Melts, l is the 3rd letter. In the word Realm, l is the 4th letter. In the word Muesli, l is the 5th letter. Moving sequentially, the next word in the series must contain the letter l at the 6th position. Among the choices provided, the word Missile (M-i-s-s-i-l-e) is the only one where the letter l occupies the 6th position.

Explanation

The series follows an alternating addition pattern based on the numerical positions of the letters in the English alphabet. The positions for the given letters are E = 5, H = 8, L = 12, O = 15, and S = 19.

The differences between consecutive terms are: 8 - 5 = 3 12 - 8 = 4 15 - 12 = 3 19 - 15 = 4

The pattern of increments follows the sequence +3, +4, +3, +4. To find the next term, the next increment in the sequence is +3. Adding 3 to the position of S (19) gives 19 + 3 = 22. The 22nd letter of the alphabet is V.

Explanation

The series follows an arithmetic progression where each subsequent term is obtained by subtracting a constant value of 8.3 from the previous term. Calculating the differences between the known adjacent terms confirms this pattern: 99 - 90.7 = 8.3 and 90.7 - 82.4 = 8.3. To find the missing number, subtract 8.3 from the third term: 82.4 - 8.3 = 74.1. The consistency of the pattern is verified by the next step, where 74.1 - 8.3 equals 65.8, which is the fifth term in the series.

Explanation

July has 31 days. The number of days between Akarsh's birthday on 29th July and Ojas's birthday on 12th August is calculated by finding the remaining days in July and adding the days in August. There are 31 - 29 = 2 days left in July. Adding the 12 days of August results in a total of 2 + 12 = 14 days. The number of odd days is determined by the remainder when the total number of days is divided by 7. Since 14 ÷ 7 results in a remainder of 0, there are no odd days to add to the starting day. Consequently, the day of the week remains unchanged, making 12th August a Saturday.

Explanation

The maximum possible weight that can be achieved is the sum of all four boxes, as each box can be used only once. This sum is 30 + 70 + 60 + 20 = 180 kg. Any value exceeding this total sum is impossible to form using any combination of the given boxes. Since 190 kg is greater than the maximum possible sum of 180 kg, it cannot be the total weight of any combination of these boxes.

Explanation

The word INLET cannot be formed because it contains the letter E, which is not present in the given word JOSTLING. The available letters in JOSTLING are J, O, S, T, L, I, N, and G, none of which can be used to provide the E required for the word INLET.

Explanation

The coding logic follows the principle of opposite letters in the alphabet, where the sum of the numerical positions of the original letter and its corresponding code letter is 27. In the word PROJECT, the positions map as P (16) to K (11), R (18) to I (9), O (15) to L (12), J (10) to Q (17), E (5) to V (22), C (3) to X (24), and T (20) to G (7), with each pair satisfying Position_Lₑₜₜₑᵣ + Position_Cₒ_dₑ = 27. Applying this formula to EGO, for the letter E (5), the code is 27 - 5 = 22, which corresponds to V. For G (7), the code is 27 - 7 = 20, which corresponds to T. For O (15), the code is 27 - 15 = 12, which corresponds to L.

Explanation

In the given code language, the operators are substituted as follows: ‘-’ represents ‘+’, ‘+’ represents ‘×’, and ‘÷’ represents ‘-’.

Substitute the signs in the given expression 75 - 5 + 25 ÷ 125: 75 + 5 × 25 - 125

According to the BODMAS rule, multiplication is performed first: 75 + 125 - 125

Now, perform the addition and subtraction: 200 - 125 = 75

Explanation

The logical pattern used in the operation is a @ b = 2(a + b). Applying this formula to the given examples: 15 @ 7 = 2(15 + 7) = 2(22) = 44; 5 @ 4 = 2(5 + 4) = 2(9) = 18; and 6 @ 17 = 2(6 + 17) = 2(23) = 46. To find the value of 17 @ 4, we substitute the numbers into the same formula: 2(17 + 4) = 2(21) = 42.

Explanation

The pattern followed in the matrix is that the number in the third row of each column is the difference between the number in the first row and the number in the second row.

In the first column, the calculation is 116 - 21 = 95. In the third column, the calculation is 135 - 87 = 48.

Applying this logic to the second column, let the missing number be x. 94 - x = 47 x = 94 - 47 x = 47

Explanation

The car's net displacement can be calculated by tracking its vertical and horizontal movements separately. Let the starting point be (0, 0). Moving 17 km South sets the vertical position at -17. Turning East and traveling 11 km sets the horizontal position at +11. Turning North and traveling 9 km changes the vertical position to -17 + 9 = -8. Finally, turning left from a Northward direction means moving West; traveling 11 km West changes the horizontal position to 11 - 11 = 0. The final coordinates are (0, -8), which means the car is 8 km South of its starting position.

Explanation

Conclusion II is a direct logical conversion of Statement 1, as No A is B implies No B is A. Conclusion I does not follow because the statements do not establish a necessary relationship between shirts and cotton.

Explanation

The relationship in the given analogy is between an animal and its primary natural product. A cow is a domesticated mammal known for producing milk. Similarly, bees are insects that collect nectar and process it into honey within their hives. Therefore, honey is the corresponding product derived from bees.

Explanation

The relationship between the letter groups is based on a constant forward shift of 6 positions in the alphabetical sequence. For the first pair ACF and GIL, the transformation is as follows:

A (1) + 6 = G (7) C (3) + 6 = I (9) F (6) + 6 = L (12)

Applying this same +6 logic to the third term OQT:

O (15) + 6 = U (21) Q (17) + 6 = W (23) T (20) + 6 = Z (26)

The resulting letters are UWZ.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of numbers is defined by the square root function. In the ratio 64 : 8, the second number is the square root of the first, as √(64) = 8.

Applying this same logic to the second ratio, we find the square root of 0.01. Since 0.01 can be expressed as the fraction 1/100, its square root is √(1/100) = 1/10, which equals 0.1. Alternatively, since 0.1 × 0.1 = 0.01, the value that completes the analogy is 0.1.

Explanation

A stream, a rivulet, and a river are all natural bodies of flowing water, differing primarily in their size and volume. A valley, however, is a geographical landform characterized by a low area of land between hills or mountains. It represents the terrestrial depression or the basin in which water bodies might flow, making it a topographical feature of the land rather than a form of moving water.

Explanation

The letters B, D, and F occupy the 2nd, 4th, and 6th positions in the English alphabet respectively. The sequence follows a pattern of a constant increment of 2 between the numerical positions of consecutive letters (2 + 2 = 4 and 4 + 2 = 6). This group is the odd one out because it is based on a +2 interval, while the other alternatives are formed by letters separated by a constant +3 interval.

Explanation

The numbers 49, 25, and 36 are all perfect squares, as they can be expressed as 7², 5², and 6² respectively. The number 8 is the odd one out because it is a perfect cube (2³) and not a perfect square of any integer.

Explanation

The words in the series follow a logical pattern based on the position of the vowel u. In the word upset, u is the first letter. In aurora, u occupies the second position. In the word spurn, u is the third letter. In strut, u is the fourth letter, and in status, it is the fifth letter. Following this incremental sequence, the missing word must contain the letter u in the sixth position. In the word treasure, the letter u is indeed the sixth letter, satisfying the pattern of the series.

Explanation

The series follows an alternating addition pattern based on the positions of the letters in the English alphabet. Assigning numerical values to the letters where A = 1 and Z = 26, the sequence is L (12), N (14), Q (17), S (19), and V (22). The differences between consecutive terms are 14 - 12 = 2, 17 - 14 = 3, 19 - 17 = 2, and 22 - 19 = 3. Since the pattern alternates between adding 2 and adding 3, the next increment must be 2. Adding 2 to the position of V gives 22 + 2 = 24. The 24th letter of the alphabet is X.

Explanation

The given sequence is an arithmetic series where each subsequent term is obtained by subtracting a constant value of 3.5 from the preceding term. We can determine this common difference d by calculating the change between the first few terms:

111 - 107.5 = 3.5 107.5 - 104 = 3.5

Following this consistent pattern of decreasing by 3.5, the missing term is calculated by subtracting 3.5 from the third term:

104 - 3.5 = 100.5

To verify the pattern, we check the transition from the missing term to the next known term:

100.5 - 3.5 = 97 97 - 3.5 = 93.5

Since the difference remains constant throughout the entire series, the value that correctly completes the sequence is 100.5.

Explanation

To find the day of Nishith's birthday, we calculate the total number of days from June 19th to November 17th in the same year. June has 30 days, so the remaining days in June after Advik's birthday are 30 - 19 = 11. The intervening full months consist of July with 31 days, August with 31 days, September with 30 days, and October with 31 days. Adding the 17 days of November until Nishith's birthday, the total number of days elapsed is 11 + 31 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 17 = 151.

We then determine the number of odd days by dividing the total days by 7 and finding the remainder: 151 ÷ 7 = 21 weeks and 4 remainder days.

Alternatively, using the concept of odd days for each month: June: 11 7 = 4 July: 31 7 = 3 August: 31 7 = 3 September: 30 7 = 2 October: 31 7 = 3 November: 17 7 = 3 Sum of odd days: 4 + 3 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 3 = 18 Total odd days: 18 7 = 4

Since Advik's birthday is on a Monday, we add the 4 odd days to Monday. Moving 4 days forward from Monday (Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday) results in Friday.

Explanation

The total sum of all four boxes is 90 + 30 + 40 + 60 = 220 kg. To achieve a total weight of 200 kg, the subset of boxes excluded from the combination must sum to 220 - 200 = 20 kg. Because the minimum weight of any single box is 30 kg, no combination of these boxes can sum to exactly 20 kg. Alternatively, checking the highest possible sums, adding the three heaviest boxes results in 90 + 60 + 40 = 190 kg, and adding all four boxes results in 220 kg. As no combination of the weights {90, 30, 40, 60} can result in a sum between 190 kg and 220 kg, a total weight of 200 kg is impossible.

Explanation

The word NEATLY requires the letter E to be formed. However, the given word JAUNTILY consists only of the letters J, A, U, N, T, I, L, and Y. Because the letter E is not present in the original word, NEATLY cannot be created using the available letters.

Explanation

The coding scheme utilizes reverse alphabetical pairs, where each letter is replaced by the letter at the same position from the end of the alphabet. This relationship is mathematically expressed by the formula Position_cₒ_dₑ = 27 - Positionₒᵣᵢ_gᵢₙₐₗ. In the word UNCOVER, the letter U (21ˢᵗ) maps to F (27 - 21 = 6ᵗʰ), N (14ᵗʰ) maps to M (27 - 14 = 13ᵗʰ), C (3ʳᵈ) maps to X (27 - 3 = 24ᵗʰ), O (15ᵗʰ) maps to L (27 - 15 = 12ᵗʰ), V (22ⁿᵈ) maps to E (27 - 22 = 5ᵗʰ), E (5ᵗʰ) maps to V (27 - 5 = 22ⁿᵈ), and R (18ᵗʰ) maps to I (27 - 18 = 9ᵗʰ). Applying this logic to the word TIP, the letter T (20ᵗʰ) is replaced by G (27 - 20 = 7ᵗʰ), I (9ᵗʰ) is replaced by R (27 - 9 = 18ᵗʰ), and P (16ᵗʰ) is replaced by K (27 - 16 = 11ᵗʰ), yielding the code GRK.

Explanation

The given expression is 50 + 5 - 700 × 28. According to the logic of the code language that results in the provided answer, the operators are substituted as follows: + represents ×, - represents +, and × represents ÷.

Substituting these operators into the original expression: 50 × 5 + 700 ÷ 28

Following the BODMAS rule, the operations are solved in order of division, then multiplication, and finally addition:

First, solve the division part: 700 ÷ 28 = 25

Next, solve the multiplication part: 50 × 5 = 250

Finally, add the two results together: 250 + 25 = 275

Explanation

The logic follows the pattern (a + b) × 10. For the first expression, (3 + 2) × 10 = 5 × 10 = 50. For the second expression, (2 + 4) × 10 = 6 × 10 = 60. Applying this rule to the required calculation, 5 % 4 = (5 + 4) × 10 = 9 × 10 = 90.

Explanation

The numbers in each column follow a multiplication pattern where the product of the value in the first row and the value in the second row equals the value in the third row.

For the first column, the calculation is 23 × 6 = 138. Similarly, for the third column, the calculation is 12 × 7 = 84. Applying this logic to the second column, let the missing number be x. The equation is x × 13 = 117. To find the value of x, divide 117 by 13, which results in x = 9.

Explanation

The paper boy's movement can be traced on a coordinate plane starting at (0,0). Moving 10 km East brings him to (10,0). Turning South and cycling 3 km changes his position to (10,-3). He then turns West and cycles 6 km, reaching (10 - 6, -3), which is (4,-3). Finally, turning right while facing West means he turns North; cycling 3 km North brings his vertical position back to -3 + 3 = 0. His final coordinates are (4,0). Comparing this to the starting point (0,0), he is 4 km away in the East direction.

Explanation

Conclusion II follows directly from Statement 2 because the proposition Some flowers are plants logically implies its converse, Some plants are flowers. Conclusion I is valid through the combination of both statements. Since the entire set of flowers is contained within the set of leaves and there is an overlap between flowers and plants, that specific overlapping area must also reside within the set of leaves. In terms of set theory, if F is a subset of L and the intersection of F and P is non-empty, then the intersection of L and P must also be non-empty, confirming that some leaves are indeed plants.

Explanation

The relationship established in the first pair is based on a substance and its primary physical characteristic. Ice is inherently cold to the touch. Similarly, steam is water in a gaseous state produced at high temperatures, meaning its defining physical characteristic is being hot.

Explanation

The relationship between the first two sets of letters is based on a constant forward shift of 3 positions in the English alphabetical sequence. For the first pair, D + 3 = G, F + 3 = I, and H + 3 = K.

Applying the same logic to the second pair, we increment the positional value of each letter in MOQ by 3. M is the 13th letter, so 13 + 3 = 16, which is P. O is the 15th letter, so 15 + 3 = 18, which is R. Q is the 17th letter, so 17 + 3 = 20, which is T. Following this +3 pattern consistently for each letter results in PRT.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers is established by their deviation from the base number 100. In the first pair, the numbers are equidistant from 100 such that 111 = 100 + 11 and 89 = 100 - 11. Following this logic, the second pair must also be equidistant from 100. Since 105 = 100 + 5, the related number is calculated by subtracting the same value from 100, which gives 100 - 5 = 95.

Explanation

The Moon is a natural satellite that orbits the Earth. It is classified as a satellite because its primary orbital motion is around a planetary body rather than the Sun. This distinguishes it from the other alternatives in the list, which are all celestial bodies that have the Sun as their primary orbital center.

Explanation

The letter group QTW is determined by the alphabetical positions of its constituents: Q is the 17th letter, T is the 20th, and W is the 23rd. The pattern within this group follows a constant increment of +3 between consecutive letters (17 + 3 = 20 and 20 + 3 = 23). This specific +3 gap makes it the odd one out because the other alternatives consistently follow a pattern of +2 increments between their letters.

Explanation

The number 8 is an even number and a perfect cube (2³), while the other values in the set are all perfect squares of odd integers.