IBPS RRB Clerk Prelims 2016 Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

In the circular arrangement starting clockwise from position 1: L(1), K(2), O(3), P(4), N(5), J(6), M(7). Starting from K at position 2 and moving four positions to the right (clockwise): 1st right is O(3), 2nd right is P(4), 3rd right is N(5), and 4th right is J(6).

Explanation

Based on the given conditions, seven people—J, K, L, M, N, O, and P—are seated around the circular table facing the centre.

From the clues: O sits second to the right of L, and M sits opposite O (three people between them). J is not adjacent to O, and P sits second to the left of J. Only one person sits between P and K, leaving N to fill the remaining position.

Tracing the circular seating arrangement in the clockwise direction starting from J gives the original order of positions: J, M, K, L, O, P, N.

When everyone is rearranged in alphabetical order in the clockwise direction starting from J, the sequence becomes: J, K, L, M, N, O, P.

Comparing the positions seat-by-seat relative to J in the clockwise direction: 1st position clockwise from J: original is M, new is K 2nd position clockwise from J: original is K, new is L 3rd position clockwise from J: original is L, new is M 4th position clockwise from J: original is O, new is N 5th position clockwise from J: original is P, new is O 6th position clockwise from J: original is N, new is P

Excluding J, none of the remaining six people occupy the same position in both arrangements. Therefore, the positions of zero people remain unchanged.

Explanation

P is the son of K, and Q is the only sibling of P, meaning K has exactly two children. Since R is the son-in-law of K, R must be married to K's daughter. P is male, so Q is female and married to R. M is the daughter of R, which makes Q the mother of M.

Explanation

In a class of 12 students, three students rank higher than Sachin, placing Sachin at rank 4 from the top. Two students rank lower than Mukesh, placing Mukesh at rank 10 from the top (12 - 2). The number of students between rank 4 and rank 10 is calculated as 10 - 4 - 1 = 5.

Explanation

The highest number in the set is 654, whose third digit is 4. The smallest number in the set is 378, whose second digit is 7. Subtracting the third digit of the highest number from the second digit of the smallest number gives 7 - 4 = 3.

Explanation

A number is divisible by 5 if its last digit is 0 or 5. Interchanging the first and third digits moves the original first digit to the units place. Among 568, 378, 654, 496, and 476, only 568 begins with 5, forming 865 after the interchange, which is divisible by 5.

Explanation

Arranging the digits in descending order within each number produces 865 (from 568), 873 (from 378), 654 (from 654), 964 (from 496), and 764 (from 476). Ordering these new numbers from highest to lowest yields 964, 873, 865, 764, and 654. The third number from the left end is 865, which corresponds to 568.

Explanation

Subtracting 1 from every even digit transforms each of the five given numbers as follows:

For 568, 5 remains 5, 6 becomes 5, and 8 becomes 7, giving 557 (digit 5 repeats). For 378, 3 remains 3, 7 remains 7, and 8 becomes 7, giving 377 (digit 7 repeats). For 654, 6 becomes 5, 5 remains 5, and 4 becomes 3, giving 553 (digit 5 repeats). For 496, 4 becomes 3, 9 remains 9, and 6 becomes 5, giving 395 (no digit repeats). For 476, 4 becomes 3, 7 remains 7, and 6 becomes 5, giving 375 (no digit repeats).

Thus, exactly three of the newly formed numbers (557, 377, and 553) have a digit that appears twice.

Explanation

Adding 2 to the first digit and subtracting 2 from each of the middle and third digits changes the net sum of the digits by +2 - 2 - 2 = -2.

Therefore, for the new sum of digits to be 17, the original sum of digits of the number must be 17 + 2 = 19.

Calculating the original digit sums: Sum for 568 = 5 + 6 + 8 = 19 Sum for 378 = 3 + 7 + 8 = 18 Sum for 654 = 6 + 5 + 4 = 15 Sum for 496 = 4 + 9 + 6 = 19 Sum for 476 = 4 + 7 + 6 = 17

Only two numbers (568 and 496) have an original digit sum of 19.

Explanation

Counting from left to right in COMPUTERISE, the 4th, 6th, and 9th letters are P, T, and I. These letters can form more than one meaningful English word using each letter once, namely PIT and TIP.

Explanation

Subtracting 1 from each even digit and 2 from each odd digit transforms 3724568 as follows: 3 becomes 1, 7 becomes 5, 2 becomes 1, 4 becomes 3, 5 becomes 3, 6 becomes 5, and 8 becomes 7. The resulting number is 1513357. The digits 1, 3, and 5 appear twice each, meaning 3 digits appear more than once.

Explanation

Comparing CURED coded as #6%7 and ROADS coded as %439 establishes the letter mappings: C = #, U = 6, R = %, E = 7, D = , O = 4, A = 3, S = 9. Applying these mappings to CODES gives #479.

Explanation

Arranging the seven people based on the conditions puts Q in the middle (position 4), R at position 5, U at position 1, S at position 2, T at position 6, P at position 3, and V at position 7. The full left-to-right order is U-S-P-Q-R-T-V. P and T have two people sitting between them, while all other given pairs consist of immediate neighbours.

Explanation

Placing the seven people at positions 1 to 7 from left to right facing north: Q sits in the middle at position 4. R is an immediate neighbour of Q, placing R at position 3 or 5. There are three people between U and R. If R were at 3, U would be at position 7, requiring S to be at 6 and T at 10 (4th to the right of S), which exceeds 7 positions. Thus, R must be at position 5, which puts U at position 1. S is adjacent to U, so S is at position 2. T sits fourth to the right of S, placing T at position 6. P sits to the left of T, placing P at position 3, and V takes the remaining position 7. The linear order from left to right is U (1), S (2), P (3), Q (4), R (5), T (6), V (7). T sits directly between R and V.

Explanation

The seating arrangement from left to right (positions 1 to 7) is U, S, P, Q, R, T, V. Position 2 is occupied by S and position 3 is occupied by P. Since position 2 is one place to the left of position 3, S is situated to the immediate left of P.

Explanation

The seating arrangement from left to right (positions 1 to 7) is U, S, P, Q, R, T, V. U sits at position 1, which is the extreme left end of the line. Because there are no positions to the left of position 1, no one sits to the left of U.

Explanation

The original arrangement from left to right is: 1: U, 2: S, 3: P, 4: Q, 5: R, 6: T, 7: V.

Interchanging T (position 6) and Q (position 4) puts T at position 4 and Q at position 6. Interchanging R (position 5) and S (position 2) puts R at position 2 and S at position 5.

The new arrangement becomes: 1: U, 2: R, 3: P, 4: T, 5: S, 6: Q, 7: V.

The positions between V (position 7) and T (position 4) are positions 5 and 6, which are occupied by S and Q.

Explanation

Letter positions in the word 'MODULAR': M (13), O (15), D (4), U (21), L (12), A (1), R (18)

Comparing the distance in the word to the distance in the alphabetical series for each pair: O (position 2) and L (position 5): Difference in word positions = 3. Alphabetical difference = 15 - 12 = 3. D (position 3) and A (position 6): Difference in word positions = 3. Alphabetical difference = 4 - 1 = 3. U (position 4) and R (position 7): Difference in word positions = 3. Alphabetical difference = 21 - 18 = 3.

There are 3 such pairs.

Explanation

The given arrangement consists of 31 characters: W U 7 * C 3 K © F B 4 E @ Z L % V 8 S Q A N 9 ¥ 2 M 6 5

The non-alphabetical symbols present in the sequence are #, *, , ©, @, %,, ¥. Removing all these symbols leaves the following sequence of letters and digits: 1: W 2: U 3: 7 4: C 5: 3 6: K 7: F 8: B 9: 4 10: E 11: Z 12: L 13: V 14: 8 15: S 16: Q 17: A 18: N 19: 9 20: 2 21: M 22: 6 23: 5

Counting from the left end of this updated sequence, the tenth element is E.

Explanation

Analyzing the relative positions of elements in the given arrangement: W U 7 * C 3 K © F B 4 E @ Z L % V 8 S Q A N 9 ¥ 2 M 6 5

For L@V: @ is 2 places to the left of L, and V is 2 places to the right of L. For 4F@: F is 2 places to the left of 4, and @ is 2 places to the right of 4. ForQ9: Q is 2 places to the left of , and 9 is 2 places to the right of.

In Z%E: % is 2 places to the right of Z, and E is 2 places to the left of Z. It reverses the direction pattern of the group.

Explanation

The even numbers in the arrangement are 4, 8, 2, and 6. Checking each even number for the pattern [Symbol] [Even Number] [Letter]: 4 is preceded by B (letter) and followed by E (letter). 8 is preceded by V (letter) and followed by S (letter). 2 is preceded by ¥ (symbol) and followed by M (letter). 6 is preceded by M (letter) and followed by 5 (number).

Only '2' matches the specified condition.

Explanation

Position from the right end = M - N = 20 - 6 = 14th element from the right end. Counting 14 positions from the right end in the sequence: 5 (1st), 6 (2nd), M (3rd), 2 (4th), ¥ (5th), 9 (6th), N (7th), (8th), A (9th), Q (10th), S (11th), 8 (12th), V (13th), % (14th).

The required element is %.

Explanation

In the given sequence, tracing the positions of the characters reveals two interconnected patterns for the two-character terms.

For the first character of each term, the position increases by +5, +4, +3, and so on: 1st term starts at position 1 (#). 2nd term starts at position 6 (C), which is 1 + 5. 3rd term starts at position 10 (©), which is 6 + 4. 4th term starts at position 13 (4), which is 10 + 3. Following this pattern, the next term must start at position 15 (13 + 2), which corresponds to @.

For the second character of each term, the gap from its first character decreases as +6, +5, +4, +3, +2: 3 is at position 7 (1 + 6). F is at position 11 (6 + 5). E is at position 14 (10 + 4). Z is at position 16 (13 + 3). The next second character must be at position 17 (15 + 2), which corresponds to L.

Combining these gives the term @L.

Explanation

Analyzing each component of the terms 9Z- 20, 11A- 18, 13Y- 16, 15B- 14: First number series: 9, 11, 13, 15, ... (increases by +2 each step). Next number = 17. Second number series: 20, 18, 16, 14, ... (decreases by -2 each step). Next number = 12. Letter series alternates between going backward from Z and forward from A: Z, A, Y, B, ... The next letter in the backward sequence after Y is X.

Combining these gives 17X- 12.

Explanation

Arranging the digits of 49318 in ascending order from left to right gives the number 13489. The second digit from the left end is 3, and the second digit from the right end is 8. The difference between these two digits is 8 - 3 = 5.

Explanation

Taking the initial starting point as (0, 0): Walking 4m East leads to position (4, 0). Turning right (South) and walking 3m leads to position (4, -3). Turning left (East) and walking 5m leads to position (9, -3). Turning left (North) and walking 3m leads to position (9, 0). Anil is currently located at (9, 0), which is 9m East of the starting point (0, 0). To return to the starting point (0, 0), he must walk 9m towards West.

Explanation

From the statement All features are attributes, the set of Features is a subset of Attributes. From the statement All attributes are traits, the set of Attributes is a subset of Traits. Combining both statements yields Features ⊆ Attributes ⊆ Traits. Conclusion I states that All traits are attributes, which is not guaranteed because the set of Traits can be larger than Attributes. Conclusion II states that All features are traits, which logically follows since every element in Features is also in Traits.

Explanation

The first statement indicates an intersection between the set of Rates and the set of Prices. The second statement establishes that the set of Prices is fully contained within the set of Charges. Because the elements common to Rates and Prices are inside Charges, there is a guaranteed overlap between Rates and Charges. Hence, Conclusion I logically follows. Conclusion II asserts that All charges are prices, which is not necessary as Charges can extend beyond Prices.

Explanation

Both given statements are particular affirmative statements (Some costs are tariffs and Some tariffs are fees). In categorical logic, no definite universal or particular relationship between the extreme terms (costs and fees) can be established from two particular premises. Therefore, neither conclusion I nor conclusion II logically follows.

Explanation

From All notices are warnings, converting this universal proposition yields Atleast some warnings are notices, so Conclusion I logically follows. Since All notices are warnings and No warning is a remark, the entire set of Notices lies inside Warnings, which has no intersection with Remarks. Consequently, No notice is a remark, so Conclusion II also logically follows.

Explanation

The given statements establish that Thoughts and Perceptions are disjoint, and Perceptions overlap with Suggestions. This leaves the relationship between Thoughts and Suggestions undetermined. Conclusion I (No thought is a suggestion) is an E-type proposition and Conclusion II (Some thoughts are suggestions) is an I-type proposition. Since they share the same subject and predicate and represent mutually exclusive, exhaustive possibilities for the intersection of the two sets, either conclusion I or II must follow.

Explanation

The series is structured into distinct groups of alphabetical sequences. The first group is AAB C, the second is AABC D, the third is AAABC DE, and the fourth group begins as AABC D... Following the established alphabetical progression of the trailing sequence B, C, D in this fourth block, the character that immediately succeeds D is E.

Explanation

The eight friends facing the centre in clockwise order are B, G, C, A, H, F, D, and E. The two people positioned directly between H and E are F and D.

Explanation

Starting from A and moving clockwise, the seating arrangement is A, H, F, D, E, B, G, C. Arranging all eight friends in alphabetical order clockwise starting from A gives A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H. Comparing the two arrangements position by position excluding A, the positions of D, E, and G remain unchanged, making a total of three positions.

Explanation

Moving in a clockwise direction, the order of friends is A, H, F, D, E, B, G, C. Counting clockwise from F to E, only D sits between them.

Explanation

Facing the centre of the circle, counter-clockwise direction represents the right side. In the clockwise arrangement B, G, C, A, H, F, D, E, the person sitting immediately counter-clockwise to E is D.

Explanation

In the clockwise arrangement B, G, C, A, H, F, D, E, counting counter-clockwise from C gives G at the first position and B at the second position. Therefore, B is located second to the right of C.

Explanation

From the given statement H = W ≤ R, combining the terms yields H ≤ R, which means R is either greater than or equal to H. Thus, either R = H or R > H must be true.

Explanation

From the given statement M < T > K = D, substituting D for K in T > K gives T > D, which simplifies to D < T. Thus, conclusion I holds true. The relation between K and M cannot be definitively established due to opposing inequality signs between them via T.

Explanation

From the given statement R ≤ N ≥ F > B, the chain N ≥ F > B directly implies N > B, which is equivalent to B < N, making conclusion II true. The relationship between F and R cannot be determined because the inequality signs between them via N face in opposite directions.

Explanation

In the statement H > W < M ≥ K, opposite inequality signs exist between K and W as well as between H and M. Consequently, no definite relationship can be established for either pair, making both conclusions untrue.

Explanation

From R ≥ T = M > D, replacing M with T in T = M > D yields T > D, which means D < T, validating conclusion I. Furthermore, substituting T with M in R ≥ T gives R ≥ M, validating conclusion II. Therefore, both conclusions are true.

Explanation

Removing all numeric digits from the given sequence leaves the non-numeric sequence E, %, R, A, #, F, H, @, I, D, K, U, S, W, I, M, P, Q, T. In this reduced sequence, the element W is at the 15th position from the left, and counting nine places to its left leads to the element # at the 6th position.

Explanation

Scanning all numbers in the arrangement, the sequence requires a symbol followed by a number and then a letter. The symbols present in the arrangement are %, #, and @, but none of them are immediately followed by a digit. Therefore, zero numbers fulfill the given condition.

Explanation

The arrangement contains 27 total elements. The eighteenth element from the right end is F, which is at the 10th position from the left. Moving five positions to its right leads to the 15th element from the left, which is D.

Explanation

Counting from the left end, the twelfth element in the arrangement is @. Moving four places to the right from this position brings us to the sixteenth element from the left end, which is 9.

Explanation

In the given arrangement, the elements in the first four groups follow a uniform positional shift where the second element is located two positions to the right of the first element, and the third element is located three positions to the left of the second element. The group 5QM deviates from this rule because Q is only one position to the right of 5.

Explanation

When both given statements are negative universal premises (E-type), no definite relationship can be established between the terms that are not directly linked. Since coffee and sweet are separated by tea, neither negative nor positive definite conclusions regarding coffee and sweet logically follow, nor do they form a complementary pair.

Explanation

The given statement establishes a relation only between rewards and medals. Because the term awards does not appear in the premise, no logical relation involving awards can be inferred, meaning neither conclusion follows.

Explanation

From the statements, bushes and leaves both share a relationship with plants, but their mutual relationship is uncertain. Conclusion I states that at least some leaves are bushes, while Conclusion II states that some leaves are not bushes. Since these two statements are complementary and share the same subject and predicate, exactly one of them must hold true.