SSC CHSL Tier 1 2022 General Awareness Questions with Solutions

Explanation

Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone of the Bulk Drug Park at Haroli in the Una district of Himachal Pradesh on October 13, 2022. This key project aims to strengthen domestic manufacturing of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), attract significant investments, and generate employment opportunities in the region.

Explanation

Correct Answer: A

Surat is globally recognized as the Diamond City of India because it is the world's largest hub for diamond cutting and polishing. Approximately 90% of the world's rough diamonds are cut and polished in Surat, making it a pivotal center in the international gem and jewelry industry.

Explanation

The northern plains of India are formed by the depositional work of three major river systems, namely the Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra, along with their tributaries. Over millions of years, these rivers carried and deposited vast quantities of fine silt and sediments, known as alluvium, in the deep basin lying at the foothills of the Himalayas. This continuous depositional process created the highly fertile alluvial soil that covers the entire region.

Explanation

The Startup India initiative was officially launched by the Government of India on 16 January 2016. This flagship scheme was introduced to build a strong and inclusive ecosystem for nurturing innovation and startups in the country, aiming to drive sustainable economic growth and generate large-scale employment opportunities. The initiative is managed by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, focusing on simplification and handholding, funding support and incentives, and industry-academia partnership.

Explanation

The Muslim League passed the historic Lahore Resolution, also known as the Pakistan Resolution, during its annual session in Lahore in March 1940. Drafted by Sikandar Hayat Khan and presented by A. K. Fazlul Huq, this resolution formally demanded that areas in which Muslims were numerically in a majority, such as in the north-western and eastern zones of India, should be grouped to constitute independent states in which the constituent units would be autonomous and sovereign.

Explanation

Thangka is a traditional Tibetan painting style on cotton or silk appliqué, which primarily depicts Buddhist deities, mandalas, or scenes from the life of Buddha. Originating in Tibet, this art form serves as an important meditational tool and teaching aid in Vajrayana Buddhism, helping practitioners visualize the deities and their spiritual environments.

Explanation

Lieutenant General Anil Chauhan (Retired) was appointed as the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) in September 2022. He became the second person to hold this top military post, succeeding General Bipin Rawat, who died in a helicopter crash in December 2021. Prior to this appointment, General Chauhan had served as the Eastern Army Commander and subsequently as the Military Advisor to the National Security Council Secretariat.

Explanation

Under the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India, the Union List (List I) includes Entry 50, which explicitly deals with the establishment of standards of weight and measure. This vests the exclusive power to legislate on formulating and establishing uniform standards of weights and measures across the country with the Parliament of India. While the enforcement of weights and measures falls under the Concurrent List, the setting or establishment of these national standards remains solely within the domain of the Central Government under the Union List.

Explanation

Robert Clive led the British East India Company's forces in the Battle of Plassey on June 23, 1757. Clive achieved a decisive victory over the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah, and his French allies. This victory was largely facilitated by a secret alliance Clive made with Mir Jafar, the commander-in-chief of the Nawab's army, who defected during the battle. The triumph at Plassey established British supremacy in Bengal and paved the way for the expansion of British rule across India.

Explanation

Mansarovar is a celebrated collection of short stories written by the legendary Hindi and Urdu writer Munshi Premchand. The compilation consists of more than two hundred of his stories, which are organized across eight volumes. It features some of his most famous and critically acclaimed works that vividly depict the socio-economic realities, human emotions, and moral dilemmas of rural and urban India, including masterpieces such as Idgah, Kafan, Poos ki Raat, and Panch Parmeshwar.

Explanation

Radiation therapy uses high doses of ionizing radiation to destroy cancer cells or shrink tumors. The radiation works by making small breaks in the DNA inside cancer cells, which prevents them from growing and dividing, ultimately leading to their death. Once these damaged cells die, the body naturally breaks them down and eliminates them.

Explanation

The Banas River originates in the Khamnor Hills of the Aravali Range, located near Kumbhalgarh in the Rajsamand district of Rajasthan. It is a major tributary of the Chambal River and flows entirely within the state of Rajasthan.

Explanation

Gokulam Kerala FC clinched the 2021-22 I-League championship title by securing a decisive victory in their final league match of the season on May 14, 2022. This triumph made the club the first in the history of the I-League to win back-to-back titles, having also won the previous 2020-21 season.

Explanation

The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) revamped its online complaint portal, E-Baal Nidan, in September 2022 to make the redressal mechanism for child rights violations more transparent and efficient. Originally launched in 2015, the portal allows citizens and organizations to register complaints regarding any violation of child rights. The September 2022 revamp introduced advanced features such as the categorization of complaints based on specific themes like juvenile justice, education, and child labor, and allowed for direct tracking of cases. It also facilitated a seamless division of labor and transfer of complaints between the national commission and various State Commissions for Protection of Child Rights (SCPCRs) to ensure quicker resolution.

Explanation

Pranav Anand, a young chess prodigy from Bengaluru, Karnataka, became India's 76th Chess Grandmaster in September 2022. He achieved this milestone after crossing the required rating threshold of 2500 Elo points during the World Youth Chess Championship held in Mamaia, Romania, having already secured the three necessary Grandmaster norms.

Explanation

Saina Nehwal created history at the 2012 London Olympics by winning the bronze medal in the women's singles event. This achievement made her the first-ever Indian badminton player to win an Olympic medal.

Explanation

Ringworm, also known as dermatophytosis or tinea, is a highly contagious superficial fungal infection of the skin, hair, or nails. It is caused by a specialized group of fungi called dermatophytes, which primarily belong to the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton. These fungi thrive in warm, moist environments and digest keratin, a structural protein found in the outer layers of skin, hair, and nails, resulting in the characteristic red, itchy, circular rash that gives the infection its name.

Explanation

The Mughal Emperor Akbar founded the city of Fatehpur Sikri in 1569. It served as the capital of the Mughal Empire from 1571 to 1585. Akbar decided to construct the city at this location to honor the Sufi saint Sheikh Salim Chishti, who had predicted the birth of his heir. The city's architecture is a blend of Persian, Hindu, and Islamic styles, featuring famous monuments like the Buland Darwaza, Panch Mahal, and the tomb of Salim Chishti.

Explanation

India finished in fourth place at the 2022 Commonwealth Games held in Birmingham, England, with a total of 61 medals. This tally included 22 gold medals, 16 silver medals, and 23 bronze medals. The silver medals were won across various sporting events, including athletics, cricket, judo, lawn bowls, squash, table tennis, and wrestling.

Explanation

According to the 15th official census of India conducted in 2011, the literacy rate of the country was recorded at 74.04%. Among this, the male literacy rate stood at 82.14% and the female literacy rate was 65.46%. The census revealed a significant increase in literacy from the previous 2001 census, where the national literacy rate was 64.83%.

Explanation

President of India Smt Droupadi Murmu inaugurated the PARAM KAMRUPA supercomputer facility at IIT Guwahati on October 13, 2022. This high-performance computing facility was established under the National Supercomputing Mission, which is a joint initiative of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology and the Department of Science and Technology. The supercomputer is equipped with advanced computational systems to support cutting-edge research in various scientific and engineering disciplines, including weather forecasting, climate modeling, healthcare, and artificial intelligence, specifically focusing on the computational needs of the northeastern region of India.

Explanation

The S-400 Triumf is a highly advanced, mobile surface-to-air missile defense system designed by Russia's Almaz Central Design Bureau. It is engineered to detect, track, and intercept incoming aerial threats launched from the air or space. The system can deploy various types of missiles to engage targets such as aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, cruise missiles, and ballistic missiles at ranges up to 400 kilometers and altitudes up to 30 kilometers.

Explanation

A balloon mortgage is a type of loan where the borrower makes relatively small monthly payments during the initial term of the mortgage, but is required to pay off the remaining balance of the principal in a single, large lump-sum payment (known as the balloon payment) at maturity. The initial payments are often calculated based on a traditional longer amortization period, such as 30 years, while the actual loan matures much sooner, typically within 5 to 7 years, leaving a substantial portion of the loan amount to be settled at the end.

Explanation

The Hubble constant is the unit of measurement that describes the rate at which the universe is expanding. Named after the astronomer Edwin Hubble, it is the constant of proportionality in Hubble's law, which states that the recessional velocity of a galaxy is directly proportional to its distance from the observer. It is typically expressed in units of kilometers per second per megaparsec (km/s/Mpc), representing the velocity at which a region of space is stretching over a given cosmic distance.

Explanation

The Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, declared the Popular Front of India (PFI) along with its associates, affiliates, and fronts as an unlawful association under Section 3(1) of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), 1967. The ban, issued via a gazette notification on September 27, 2022, was imposed for a period of five years. This action was taken following nationwide raids and investigations by law enforcement agencies that revealed the group's involvement in terror funding, radicalization of youth, and links with global terrorist organizations.

Explanation

The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) was a planetary defense mission launched by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which is the space agency of the USA. Launched in November 2021, the mission was designed to test the kinetic impactor technology for deflecting near-Earth asteroids. The spacecraft successfully collided with the asteroid moonlet Dimorphos in September 2022 to alter its orbital period around the larger asteroid Didymos.

Explanation

In 1927, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar initiated a temple entry movement to protest against caste discrimination and assert the rights of the depressed classes. His followers from the Mahar caste participated in large numbers, drawing national attention to the issue of untouchability. During this movement, the practice of Dalit participation in temple activities and their access to sacred water tanks challenged the orthodox upper-caste hegemony, marking a significant milestone in the social reform movement of India.

Explanation

The Economic Survey 2020-21 highlighted that India's public healthcare spending was historically low, hovering around 1% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). To address critical healthcare challenges and significantly reduce out-of-pocket expenditure for citizens, the Survey recommended increasing this public healthcare expenditure to 2.5% to 3% of GDP, in alignment with the goals of the National Health Policy 2017.

Explanation

Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him, known as the Raman Effect. His experiment showed that when light traverses a transparent material, a small fraction of the light emerges in directions other than that of the incident beam, and some of this scattered light has a changed wavelength. This discovery provided crucial experimental proof of the quantum nature of light and made him the first Indian and first Asian to receive a Nobel Prize in any of the scientific fields.

Explanation

The areas where warm and cold ocean currents meet are characterized by intense mixing of waters with different temperatures and nutrient concentrations. This mixing, often accompanied by upwelling, brings nutrient-rich waters from the deeper ocean layers to the sunlit surface. These nutrients stimulate the rapid growth of phytoplankton, which are microscopic marine organisms that form the foundation of the ocean food chain. The abundance of phytoplankton attracts zooplankton and massive schools of fish, creating highly concentrated and diverse marine ecosystems. Consequently, these convergence zones, such as the Grand Banks off Newfoundland where the warm Gulf Stream meets the cold Labrador Current, and the waters near Japan where the Kuroshio and Oyashio currents meet, serve as the most productive commercial fishing grounds in the world.

Explanation

Hyderabad was declared the grand winner of the AIPH (International Association of Horticultural Producers) World Green City Awards 2022 at a ceremony held in Jeju, South Korea. The city also won the award in the Living Green for Economic Recovery and Inclusive Growth category, recognizing its extensive greening initiatives, particularly the greening of the Outer Ring Road project. This achievement made Hyderabad the only Indian city to be selected for these prestigious international green awards in 2022.

Explanation

Correct Answer: B

Article 143 of the Constitution of India vests advisory jurisdiction in the Supreme Court of India. Under this provision, if at any time it appears to the President of India that a question of law or fact has arisen, or is likely to arise, which is of such a nature and of such public importance that it is expedient to obtain the opinion of the Supreme Court upon it, the President may refer the question to the Court for consideration. The Supreme Court may then, after such hearing as it thinks fit, report its opinion to the President. This advisory opinion is consultative in nature and is not binding on the President.

Explanation

Article 72 of the Constitution of India empowers the President of India to grant pardons, reprieves, respites, or remissions of punishment, or to suspend, remit, or commute the sentence of any person convicted of any offence. This executive power is exercised by the President on the advice of the Union Council of Ministers. The scope of this power extends to all cases where the punishment or sentence is by a Court Martial, in all cases where the sentence is for an offence against any Union law, and in all cases where the sentence is a death sentence.

Explanation

The Indigo Revolt began in March 1859 in Bengal. It was a widespread peasant uprising directed against British planters who forced ryots to grow indigo under highly oppressive and economically exploitative terms. The rebellion originated in the village of Chaugacha in Nadia district, led by Digambar Biswas and Bishnucharan Biswas, and quickly spread to other districts of Bengal, leading to the appointment of the Indigo Commission in 1860.

Explanation

Dzongkha is a Sino-Tibetan language that serves as the national and official language of the Kingdom of Bhutan. The term Dzongkha translates to the language spoken in the dzongs, which are the fortress-like monasteries and administrative centres located across Bhutan.

Explanation

The region lying between the Arctic Circle at 66.5° N and the North Pole at 90° N is known as the Frigid Zone. This zone experiences an extremely cold climate because the Sun never rises high above the horizon, and its rays are always highly slanted, yielding minimal heat. Consequently, large parts of this zone remain covered with snow and ice throughout the year.

Explanation

Sir Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1990 while working as a software engineer at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research. By December 1990, he had developed the key technologies that form the foundation of the web, including Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), the first web browser named WorldWideWeb, and the first web server (httpd), successfully demonstrating the first communication between an HTTP client and server.

Explanation

According to the final data of the 2011 Census of India, the sex ratio of the country is 943 females per 1000 males. This indicator, which measures the number of females per 1000 males in the population, showed an upward trend from the 2001 census, where the sex ratio was recorded as 933 females per 1000 males.

Explanation

The Loo is a hot, dry, and gusty local wind that blows during the summer season, specifically in the months of May and June, over the northern and northwestern plains of India and Pakistan. Because its occurrence is seasonal and confined to a specific geographic region, it is classified as a local wind and does not blow continuously throughout the year across the globe.

Explanation

The fourth generation of computers, which began in the 1970s, was characterized by the introduction of microprocessors and Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) technology. This massive increase in computational power and reduction in hardware size allowed for the development of personal computers. To make these computers accessible to the general public, researchers and developers created the Graphical User Interface (GUI), replacing text-based command-line interfaces with visual elements like windows, icons, menus, and pointers. Notable early GUI implementations, such as the Xerox Alto, and subsequent commercial successes like the Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows, were all designed and launched during this generation.

Explanation

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) notified the detailed framework for the Social Stock Exchange (SSE) in July 2022. This framework was introduced to facilitate social enterprises, including both non-profit organisations and for-profit social enterprises, in raising capital through a dedicated segment of recognized stock exchanges. Under these regulations, eligible social enterprises can register and raise funds using instruments such as Zero Coupon Zero Principal (ZCZP) bonds, development impact bonds, and mutual funds, while adhering to structured disclosure and reporting requirements mandated by SEBI.

Explanation

The Statue of Equality is a 216-foot tall monument dedicated to the 11th-century Vaishnavite philosopher and social reformer Saint Ramanujacharya. Located in Muchintal, Hyderabad, the statue was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in February 2022 to commemorate the 1000th birth anniversary of the saint. Ramanujacharya is highly revered for his revolutionary efforts to promote social equality, universal brotherhood, and spiritual liberation for all, regardless of caste, creed, or gender.

Explanation

Lothal, located in the Bhal region of Gujarat, was a vital port city of the Indus Valley Civilization. Archaeologists discovered a massive rectangular basin constructed of kiln-burnt bricks, measuring approximately 218 meters by 37 meters, which is recognized as the world's earliest known tidal dockyard. This structure was strategically built near the Sabarmati River basin and connected to an ancient channel that linked it to the Gulf of Khambhat, enabling ships to enter the harbor during high tides for trading operations.

Explanation

A free-market economy is characterized by private ownership of property, minimal government intervention, and the determination of prices, wages, and resource allocation through the market forces of supply and demand. These features are the foundational principles of capitalism, where individuals and private enterprises operate and compete to generate profit in an open market.

Explanation

The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in any shell of an atom is determined by the formula 2n², where n is the principal quantum number representing the shell number. For the M-shell, which is the third shell (K = 1, L = 2, M = 3), the value of n is 3. Substituting this value into the formula gives 2 × 3² = 2 × 9 = 18 electrons.

Explanation

The Qutub Minar is a premier example of Indo-Islamic architecture, showcasing the synthesis of traditional Indian craftsmanship with Islamic architectural designs. Commissioned by Qutb-ud-din Aibak in 1199 AD and completed by his successor Iltutmish, the minaret features distinct elements of this style, including the use of red sandstone, intricate Arabic calligraphy depicting Quranic verses, geometric patterns, and stalactite corbelling under the balconies.

Explanation

Swami Vivekananda passed away on July 4, 1902, at Belur Math in West Bengal, India. He attained Mahasamadhi on this day at the age of 39. His contributions to the revival of Hinduism in India and his famous speech at the Parliament of Religions in Chicago in 1893 remain highly influential, and his death anniversary is observed nationwide on July 4.

Explanation

The sensation of feeling full, or satiety, is regulated by the hypothalamus, which contains specialized centers for hunger and fullness. The hypothalamus is an essential region located at the base of the brain, anatomically forming a major part of the forebrain. It is responsible for regulating crucial physiological processes such as appetite, body temperature, thirst, and sleep cycles.

Explanation

Avinash Sable won the silver medal in the men's 3000m steeplechase at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham with a historic national record time of 8 minutes 11.20 seconds. Ravi Kumar Dahiya won the gold medal in the men's freestyle 57 kg wrestling category at the same event. This makes only statement I correct.

Explanation

Amit Dave, an Indian photojournalist working with Reuters, was awarded the 2022 Pulitzer Prize in Feature Photography. He shared this prestigious award with his Reuters colleagues Adnan Abidi, Sanna Irshad Mattoo, and the late Danish Siddiqui for their exceptional and balanced coverage of the devastating toll of the COVID-19 pandemic in India.