SSC CHSL Tier 1 2019 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The relationship in the given pair is that a lepidopterist is a person who studies and collects butterflies. Similarly, a deltiologist is a person who collects and studies postcards, which perfectly maintains the same relationship of the object of study or collection to the specialist associated with it.

Explanation

The given words can be arranged in a logical sequence based on the increasing order of their physical size.

Among the listed creatures, the fly is the smallest in size. A rat is larger than a fly. A monkey is larger than a rat. A lion is larger than a monkey. An elephant is the largest of all the given animals.

Arranging them from smallest to largest size gives the sequence Fly (4), Rat (3), Monkey (1), Lion (5), and Elephant (2).

Explanation

The relationship between the first and second letter-clusters is established by applying an alternating addition and subtraction of consecutive odd numbers (+1, -3, +5, -7) to the alphabetical positional values of the letters.

For GATE to HXYX: G (7) + 1 = H (8) A (27) - 3 = X (24) T (20) + 5 = Y (25) E (31) - 7 = X (24)

Applying this same pattern of +1, -3, +5, -7 to the letters of SINK: S (19) + 1 = T (20) I (9) - 3 = F (6) N (14) + 5 = S (19) K (11) - 7 = D (4)

This gives the sequence TFSD.

Explanation

Amble refers to a slow, relaxed manner of walking or moving, whereas the other words represent the characteristic vocal sounds made by animals.

Explanation

The coding pattern follows an alternating addition of +3 and +2 to the alphabetical positional values of the letters.

For BLEND: B (+3) = E L (+2) = N E (+3) = H N (+2) = P D (+3) = G

Applying this same logic to WINNER: W (+3) = Z I (+2) = K N (+3) = Q N (+2) = P E (+3) = H R (+2) = T

This yields the coded word ZKQPHT.

Explanation

The coding scheme uses the numerical position of each letter in the English alphabet, sums those positions, and then multiplies the total sum by 2.

The letter V is the 22nd letter of the alphabet. Multiplying its position by 2 yields 22 × 2 = 44.

For the word FAT, the numerical positions of the letters are F = 6, A = 1, and T = 20. Summing these values gives 6 + 1 + 20 = 27. Multiplying the sum by 2 yields 27 × 2 = 54.

Applying the same logic to the word LATE, the letter positions are L = 12, A = 1, T = 20, and E = 5. The sum of these values is 12 + 1 + 20 + 5 = 38. Multiplying this sum by 2 yields 38 × 2 = 76.

Explanation

B is the father of K, and since B has only two children and K is the brother of R, the two children of B are K (male) and R (female). R is the daughter of P, which means P is the mother of K and R, and B is married to P. A is the grand-daughter of P, and S is the father of A. Since S is the father of A and K is male, A must be the daughter of the sister R. This means S is married to R. Since S is the husband of K's sister R, S is the brother-in-law of K.

Explanation

Let the number of plastic toys purchased be t and the number of plastic spoons purchased be s, where both t and s must be non-negative integers. Based on the given costs, we can write the linear equation:

7t + 5s = 38

Substituting t = 4 into the equation:

7(4) + 5s = 38 28 + 5s = 38 5s = 10 s = 2

Since s = 2 is a valid integer, this confirms that 4 plastic toys and 2 plastic spoons were purchased.

Explanation

In the standard alphabetical positions: H = 8, S = 19, K = 11, P = 16, M = 13

The general pattern followed by the other letter-clusters is: First letter + 3 = Third letter Second letter - 3 = Fourth letter Third letter + 3 = Fifth letter Also, the first and second letters are opposites (sum of positions = 27), and the third and fourth letters are opposites (sum of positions = 27).

Applying this logic to HSKPM: H (8) + 3 = K (11) (Third letter) S (19) - 3 = P (16) (Fourth letter) K (11) + 3 = N (14)

The fifth letter should be N (14), but in HSKPM, it is M (13). Thus, HSKPM does not follow the pattern.

Explanation

The pattern followed by the numbers in the given set (4, 14, 44) is that each subsequent number is obtained by multiplying the previous number by 3 and then adding 2.

First number × 3 + 2 = Second number 4 × 3 + 2 = 14

Second number × 3 + 2 = Third number 14 × 3 + 2 = 44

Applying the same mathematical relation to the set (11, 35, 107):

11 × 3 + 2 = 35 35 × 3 + 2 = 107

Explanation

By interchanging × and ÷ in the given equation, the expression becomes:

132 ÷ 11 + 8 - 3 × 12 = -16

Applying the BODMAS rule:

First, perform the division: 132 ÷ 11 = 12

Next, perform the multiplication: 3 × 12 = 36

Substitute these values back into the equation: 12 + 8 - 36 = -16

Perform addition and subtraction from left to right: 20 - 36 = -16 -16 = -16

Since the left-hand side equals the right-hand side, interchanging × and ÷ makes the equation correct.

Explanation

Each of the numbers is of the form X 1 Y 8, where the second digit is 1 and the fourth digit is 8. The common pattern among the numbers is that the difference between the first and third digits is 2, which can be represented as X - Y = 2.

For 3128, the first digit is 3 and the third digit is 2, giving a difference of 3 - 2 = 1. Since this does not satisfy the pattern followed by the other numbers, it is the odd one out.

Explanation

The relationship among the numbers (x, y, z) in the set is: z³ - x³ = y

Applying this logic to the given set (4, 152, 6): 6³ - 4³ = 216 - 64 = 152

Similarly, applying this relation to the set (2, 208, 6): 6³ - 2³ = 216 - 8 = 208

Explanation

From the given statements All rocks are oceans and All oceans are balloons, we can deduce that All rocks are balloons. Since all rocks are balloons, it must be true that some balloons are rocks. This makes conclusion I logically follow. No definite relationship can be established between watches and oceans from the given statements, which means conclusion II does not follow. Similarly, the statement All rocks are oceans does not imply that all oceans are rocks, so conclusion III does not follow. Therefore, only conclusion I is valid.

Explanation

The sequence follows a pattern where each term is obtained by multiplying the previous term by 2 and then alternatively subtracting and adding consecutive even numbers: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and so on.

5 × 2 - 2 = 8 8 × 2 + 4 = 20 20 × 2 - 6 = 34 34 × 2 + 8 = 76 76 × 2 - 10 = 142

Following this logic, the next term in the series is calculated as: 142 × 2 + 12 = 284 + 12 = 296

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in the given pair 7:85 follows the pattern where the second number is the sum of the square of the first number and the square of its preceding number.

The mathematical formula for this relation is x : x² + (x - 1)².

Applying this pattern to the number 7: 7² + (7 - 1)² = 7² + 6² = 49 + 36 = 85

Applying the same pattern to the number 8: 8² + (8 - 1)² = 8² + 7² = 64 + 49 = 113

Explanation

The given analogy represents the relationship between a disease and its causative agent. Chickenpox is a highly contagious viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus. Similarly, ringworm, also known as dermatophytosis or tinea, is a common fungal skin infection caused by micro-organisms known as dermatophytes.

Explanation

The correct option is D. When the letters from option D (c, c, c, a, c, c, d) are sequentially placed in the blanks, it completes the pattern: a b c c d / a b c d / c b a / c d / a b c c d, which exhibits a symmetric structure starting and ending with "a b c c d" around a central palindromic-like transition.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers is that the second number is the sum of the squares of the digits of the first number.

For 54:41: 5² + 4² = 25 + 16 = 41

Similarly, applying the same pattern to 32: 3² + 2² = 9 + 4 = 13

Explanation

Interchanging the signs × and ÷ in the given equation:

24 ÷ 2 + 13 - 54 × 2 = 34

This gives:

24 × 2 + 13 - 54 ÷ 2 = 34

Applying the BODMAS rule, first perform division:

54 ÷ 2 = 27

So the equation becomes:

24 × 2 + 13 - 27 = 34

Next, perform multiplication:

24 × 2 = 48

So the equation becomes:

48 + 13 - 27 = 34

Finally, solve the addition and subtraction:

61 - 27 = 34

34 = 34

Since the Left Hand Side equals the Right Hand Side, this interchange makes the equation correct.

Explanation

The logical and chronological sequence of steps in a recruitment and career progression process begins with submitting an Application (2). Following the application, candidates appear for a Written test (4) to evaluate their suitability. Based on the performance in this test, a Merit list (5) is prepared to rank the candidates. Successful candidates from this list are then issued a Job appointment (3) to join the organization. Finally, after serving in the position for a period of time, the employee receives a Promotion (1) to a higher post. This sequence represents the natural progression of events in employment.

Explanation

The statement that some poems are directors directly implies that some directors are poems, as the relation is symmetric. This confirms conclusion I.

Furthermore, because some poems are directors and all directors are singers, the elements that represent the intersection of poems and directors must also be part of the set of singers. This ensures a necessary overlap between singers and poems, confirming conclusion III.

Explanation

Let the number of notes of each denomination (₹2, ₹5, and ₹10) be x.

Since the number of notes of each denomination is equal, the total value of the notes is represented by the equation: 2x + 5x + 10x = 340

Combining the terms: 17x = 340

Solving for x: x = 340 / 17 x = 20

Rahul has 20 notes of each of the three denominations. The total number of notes is: 3 × 20 = 60

Explanation

The difference between consecutive terms in the series forms a sequence of squares of consecutive prime numbers.

9 - 5 = 4 = 2² 18 - 9 = 9 = 3² 43 - 18 = 25 = 5² 92 - 43 = 49 = 7² 213 - 92 = 121 = 11² 382 - 213 = 169 = 13²

The prime numbers squared in sequence are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13. The next prime number in the sequence is 17, and its square is 17² = 289.

To find the missing number, add 289 to the last term: 382 + 289 = 671

Explanation

In the standard alphabetical series, opposite letters are pairs whose positional values sum to 27. The letter-cluster GSVE is the odd one out because it does not consist of two pairs of opposite letters. While V (22) and E (5) are opposites because 22 + 5 = 27, the letters G (7) and S (19) sum to 26 and are not opposites, since the opposite of G is T. The other clusters all consist of two pairs of opposite letters, where the first and second letters form one pair, and the third and fourth letters form the other pair.

Explanation

The coding scheme differentiates between vowels and consonants. Every consonant is shifted backward by 7 positions in alphabetical order, while every vowel is shifted backward by 3 positions in alphabetical order.

For the word PERMUTATION: P (consonant): 16 - 7 = 9 (I) E (vowel): 5 - 3 = 2 (B) R (consonant): 18 - 7 = 11 (K) M (consonant): 13 - 7 = 6 (F) U (vowel): 21 - 3 = 18 (R) T (consonant): 20 - 7 = 13 (M) A (vowel): 1 - 3 = 24 (X) T (consonant): 20 - 7 = 13 (M) I (vowel): 9 - 3 = 6 (F) O (vowel): 15 - 3 = 12 (L) N (consonant): 14 - 7 = 7 (G) This results in the coded word IBKFRMXMFLG.

Applying this exact rule to PUBLICSECTOR: P (consonant): 16 - 7 = 9 (I) U (vowel): 21 - 3 = 18 (R) B (consonant): 2 - 7 = 21 (U) L (consonant): 12 - 7 = 5 (E) I (vowel): 9 - 3 = 6 (F) C (consonant): 3 - 7 = 22 (V) S (consonant): 19 - 7 = 12 (L) E (vowel): 5 - 3 = 2 (B) C (consonant): 3 - 7 = 22 (V) T (consonant): 20 - 7 = 13 (M) O (vowel): 15 - 3 = 12 (L) R (consonant): 18 - 7 = 11 (K)

Combining these letters yields the code IRUEFVLBVMLK.

Explanation

The letter series consists of a repeating pattern of 7 letters: abdbacb.

The complete series of 21 letters is formed by repeating this 7-letter block three times: abdbacb abdbacb abdbacb

Substituting the letters d, c, b, a, and c sequentially into the blanks of the given series a b _ b a _ b a b d _ a c b _ b d b a _ b yields this exact pattern.

Explanation

The family consists of 5 members: E, M, H, X, and Y.

Since E is the father-in-law of H and M is the son of E, M is married to H. The couple M and H have two children, who are X and Y.

Since X is the sister of Y, X is female. Additionally, H has only one son, and Y is not the grand-daughter of E, which means Y is the male child (grandson of E).

As X is the daughter of M, and M is the son of E, X is the grand-daughter of E.

Explanation

A cardiologist is a medical professional who specializes in the study, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases related to the heart. Similarly, a chiropractor is a healthcare practitioner who focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of neuromuscular disorders, with a primary emphasis on manual manipulation of the spine and joints to restore alignment and function.

Explanation

The coding scheme is based on the position of each letter in the English alphabet (A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26).

The positions of consonants are multiplied by 2, while the positions of vowels are squared.

For MASTER: M (consonant, 13): 13 × 2 = 26 A (vowel, 1): 1² = 1 S (consonant, 19): 19 × 2 = 38 T (consonant, 20): 20 × 2 = 40 E (vowel, 5): 5² = 25 R (consonant, 18): 18 × 2 = 36 This gives 26138402536.

For GOVIND: G (consonant, 7): 7 × 2 = 14 O (vowel, 15): 15² = 225 V (consonant, 22): 22 × 2 = 44 I (vowel, 9): 9² = 81 N (consonant, 14): 14 × 2 = 28 D (consonant, 4): 4 × 2 = 8 This gives 142254481288.

Applying the same pattern to BACKSPACE: B (consonant, 2): 2 × 2 = 4 A (vowel, 1): 1² = 1 C (consonant, 3): 3 × 2 = 6 K (consonant, 11): 11 × 2 = 22 S (consonant, 19): 19 × 2 = 38 P (consonant, 16): 16 × 2 = 32 A (vowel, 1): 1² = 1 C (consonant, 3): 3 × 2 = 6 E (vowel, 5): 5² = 25

Combining these codes sequentially yields 4162238321625.

Explanation

The relationship among the numbers in the given set (a, b, c) follows a specific arithmetic pattern:

b = 2 × a + 2 c = 2 × b + 3

Applying this pattern to the set (4, 10, 23): Second number: 2 × 4 + 2 = 10 Third number: 2 × 10 + 3 = 23

Applying the same logic to the set (2, 6, 15): Second number: 2 × 2 + 2 = 6 Third number: 2 × 6 + 3 = 15

Explanation

A carpet is a floor covering made of thick woven fabric, whereas the other items are portable containers used for holding and carrying personal belongings.

Explanation

The relationship between the first and second letter-clusters is established by applying a specific mathematical operation to the alphabetical positions of each letter:

M (13) - 4 = I (9) A (1) + 4 = E (5) R (18) - 3 = O (15) K (11) + 3 = N (14) E (5) - 2 = C (3) T (20) + 2 = V (22)

The pattern of change in positional values is -4, +4, -3, +3, -2, +2.

Applying this same pattern to THERMO:

T (20) - 4 = P (16) H (8) + 4 = L (12) E (5) - 3 = B (2) R (18) + 3 = U (21) M (13) - 2 = K (11) O (15) + 2 = Q (17)

This yields the letter-cluster PLBUKQ.

Explanation

For the numbers 4147, 8205, and 9368, the product of the first and last digits divided by 2 equals the middle two digits (e.g., for 4147, (4 * 7) / 2 = 14). This pattern does not hold true for 7298, as (7 * 8) / 2 = 28, but the middle two digits are 29.

Explanation

The relation between the numbers in the given set (a, b, c) is defined by the formula:

c = a² + b² + 1

For the set (5, 2, 30): 5² + 2² + 1 = 25 + 4 + 1 = 30

Applying this same relationship to the set (7, 8, 114): 7² + 8² + 1 = 49 + 64 + 1 = 114

Explanation

The relationship between spoke and wheel is a part-to-whole relationship, where a spoke is an individual component that structurally makes up a wheel. In the same manner, a word is an individual unit that structurally combines with other words to form a sentence. Both pairs follow the exact same logical sequence of part to whole.

Explanation

First, divide the 11-letter word into three parts: the first 5 letters, the middle (6th) letter, and the last 5 letters.

In the first and third parts, reverse the order of the letters and shift each letter backward by 4 positions (-4). For the middle letter, replace it with its opposite letter in the alphabet (where the sum of the positions of the opposite letter pair is 27).

Applying this logic to CONSULTANCY: First part: C-O-N-S-U Reversed: U-S-N-O-C Shifting each backward by 4 gives: Q-O-J-K-Y

Middle letter: L Its opposite letter is O.

Third part: T-A-N-C-Y Reversed: Y-C-N-A-T Shifting each backward by 4 gives: U-Y-J-W-P

Combining these yields QOJKYOUYJWP.

Applying the same pattern to MASTERMINDS: First part: M-A-S-T-E Reversed: E-T-S-A-M Shifting each backward by 4 (with cyclic subtraction for A - 4 = W) gives: A-P-O-W-I

Middle letter: R Its opposite letter is I.

Third part: M-I-N-D-S Reversed: S-D-N-I-M Shifting each backward by 4 (with cyclic subtraction for D - 4 = Z) gives: O-Z-J-E-I

Combining these parts gives APOWIIOZJEI.

Explanation

Let the number of sums Ranga solved correctly be x.

According to the problem, the number of incorrect sums is thrice the number of correct sums, which is 3x.

The total number of sums attempted is the sum of correct and incorrect answers: x + 3x = 72 4x = 72 x = 18

Thus, Ranga solved 18 sums correctly.

Explanation

In this coding scheme, each letter is directly substituted by a specific digit as shown in the given coded words:

From FORTUNE (6521347) and PREY (8279), we find: F = 6 O = 5 R = 2 T = 1 U = 3 N = 4 E = 7 P = 8 Y = 9

Using these direct substitutions for the word NEPTUNE: N = 4 E = 7 P = 8 T = 1 U = 3 N = 4 E = 7

This gives the code 4781347.

Explanation

By converting the letters of the first cluster BANK into their numerical positions in the English alphabet, we get: B = 2, A = 1, N = 14, K = 11

The letters of the second cluster WXLJ have the positions: W = 23, X = 24, L = 12, J = 10

The relationship is established by subtracting 5, 3, 2, and 1 from the letter positions of the first cluster in order, where subtracting past A wraps around the alphabet: 2 - 5 = -3 ≡ 23 (W) 1 - 3 = -2 ≡ 24 (X) 14 - 2 = 12 (L) 11 - 1 = 10 (J)

Applying this same subtraction rule of -5, -3, -2, and -1 to the third letter-cluster IDOL (I = 9, D = 4, O = 15, L = 12): 9 - 5 = 4 (D) 4 - 3 = 1 (A) 15 - 2 = 13 (M) 12 - 1 = 11 (K)

This results in the letter-cluster DAMK.

Explanation

The sum of the individual digits of the number 83115 is 18, which is calculated as 8 + 3 + 1 + 1 + 5 = 18. In contrast, the sum of the individual digits of each of the other three numbers is 17.

Explanation

M is the wife of W, which means W is the husband of M. Since P is the son of M, P is also the son of W. D is married to P, and Q is the son of D, which makes Q the son of P as well. Since Q is the son of W's son P, Q is the grandson of W.

Explanation

The difference between consecutive terms in the series follows the pattern of n³ + n² for n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6...

First difference: 4 - 2 = 2 = 1³ + 1² Second difference: 16 - 4 = 12 = 2³ + 2² Third difference: 52 - 16 = 36 = 3³ + 3² Fourth difference: 132 - 52 = 80 = 4³ + 4² Fifth difference: 282 - 132 = 150 = 5³ + 5²

Following this pattern, the next difference to find the seventh term is: 6³ + 6² = 216 + 36 = 252

Adding this difference to the sixth term: 282 + 252 = 534

Explanation

Singapore is located in the continent of Asia, whereas Germany, Austria, and Italy are all located in Europe. This makes Singapore the odd one out based on geographical location.

Explanation

The correct option is B. When the letters from "dcabdbbab" are sequentially placed in the gaps, it completes a repeating pattern where the 24-letter series is divided into three identical 8-letter blocks: "abdbacdb abdbacdb abcdbabd" (with the last block having a slight logical variation/shift to complete the cycle).

Explanation

According to the first statement, all women are engineers. In syllogisms, the converse of a universal affirmative statement of the form All A are B is always a particular affirmative statement of the form Some B are A. Therefore, the statement All women are engineers directly converts to Some engineers are women. This matches conclusion III, making it logically valid.

Explanation

By interchanging the numbers 6 and 4, the equation is modified as: 16 - 4 + 12 × 3 ÷ 6 = 18

Applying the BODMAS rule, the left-hand side of the equation is solved as follows:

First, perform the division operation: 3 ÷ 6 = 0.5

Next, perform the multiplication operation: 12 × 0.5 = 6

Finally, perform the addition and subtraction operations: 16 - 4 + 6 = 12 + 6 = 18

Since the left-hand side matches the right-hand side of the equation, the interchange makes the mathematical expression correct.

Explanation

Let the shares of P, Q, and R be represented by P, Q, and R respectively. The total sum is P + Q + R = 2100.

According to the first condition, P's share is half of the combined share of Q and R: P = (Q + R)/2 2P = Q + R

Adding P to both sides of the equation: 3P = P + Q + R 3P = 2100 P = 700

According to the second condition, Q's share is one-fourth of the combined share of P and R: Q = (P + R)/4 4Q = P + R

Adding Q to both sides of the equation: 5Q = P + Q + R 5Q = 2100 Q = 420

Now, R's share can be calculated as: R = 2100 - P - Q R = 2100 - 700 - 420 R = 980

The difference between R's share and P's share is: R - P = 980 - 700 = 280

Explanation

An ice-cream is typically served in and eaten from a cone. Similarly, soup is a liquid food that is typically served in and consumed from a bowl, representing the relationship between a food item and its traditional container.

Explanation

The given words represent different units of time duration. Arranging them in ascending order of their time periods:

Year represents a duration of 1 year. Lustrum represents a duration of 5 years. Decade represents a duration of 10 years. Century represents a duration of 100 years. Millennium represents a duration of 1000 years.

This gives the logical sequence 3 (Year), 1 (Lustrum), 5 (Decade), 2 (Century), and 4 (Millennium), which corresponds to the order 3, 1, 5, 2, 4.