SSC CGL Tier 1 2020 General Awareness Questions with Solutions

Explanation

Chiropody is a specialized branch of medicine that focuses on the study, diagnosis, and medical treatment of disorders of the feet. A practitioner in this field, often referred to as a chiropodist or podiatrist, manages conditions affecting the skin, nails, and musculoskeletal structure of the foot and ankle. This includes treating common issues such as ingrown toenails, calluses, and bunions, as well as addressing foot complications resulting from systemic health issues like diabetes or poor circulation. The term is derived from the Greek words for hand and foot, though modern practice is dedicated specifically to the health and mobility of the lower extremities.

Explanation

G. Babita Rayudu took charge as an Executive Director of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in January 2020. Prior to her elevation to this post, she served as a legal advisor in the Legal Affairs Department of the regulatory body. As an Executive Director, her responsibilities included overseeing the Legal Affairs Department, the Enforcement Department, and the Special Enforcement Cell. SEBI, as the statutory regulator for the securities market in India, appoints Executive Directors to lead various functional departments to ensure market integrity and investor protection.

Explanation

Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) became the first Indian company to cross the ₹10 lakh crore market capitalization milestone on November 28, 2019. This achievement occurred during intra-day trade on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) when the company's stock price rose to a record high of ₹1,581.25. The significant growth in the company's valuation was largely attributed to the rapid expansion and success of its digital services subsidiary, Reliance Jio, and its retail venture, combined with consistent performance in its core oil-to-chemicals business. This landmark made RIL the most valuable company in India by a substantial margin at that time.

Explanation

The National Youth Festival is an annual event organized by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports in collaboration with State Governments to commemorate the birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda on January 12. This date is officially recognized as National Youth Day in India. The 23rd National Youth Festival was held in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, from January 12 to 16, 2020. The festival serves as a platform for young people to showcase their cultural talents and promotes the ideals of Swami Vivekananda, focusing on youth empowerment and national integration. The theme for the 2020 edition was Fit Youth Fit India, aligning with the national movement to encourage a healthy lifestyle among the younger generation.

Explanation

The Indian Railways integrated its various helpline numbers into a single number 139 to facilitate quick grievance redressal and provide information to passengers during their journey. This new unified helpline number, known as the Rail Madad Helpline, replaced several existing numbers to eliminate the confusion of remembering multiple contacts for different purposes such as security, medical emergency, catering, and general complaints. The 139 service employs an Interactive Voice Response System and is available in twelve languages, serving as a one-stop solution for all passenger requirements and enquiries.

Explanation

The Gujarat Police was conferred with the President's Colours award on December 15, 2019, during a ceremony held at the Gujarat Police Academy in Karai, Gandhinagar. The honor was presented by Vice President M. Venkaiah Naidu on behalf of the President of India. Known as Nishaan, the President's Colour is the highest decoration that can be bestowed upon a military or police unit in India, signifying excellence in service, bravery, and discipline. By receiving this award, the Gujarat Police became the seventh state police force in the country to be honored with this distinction, recognizing their long-standing commitment to maintaining law and order and ensuring public safety.

Explanation

The Currency Building, located in the B.B.D. Bagh area of Kolkata, was constructed in 1833. It was originally designed in the Italianate style to serve as the headquarters for the Agra Bank. The structure is notable for its grand three-story facade, massive central dome, and iron gates. Following the enactment of the Paper Currency Act in 1861, the British government utilized the building from 1868 onwards for the Issue and Exchange of Government Currency Notes, which led to its popular name. It is currently recognized as a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India.

Explanation

According to the India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2019, which was the latest official assessment available as of early 2020, Madhya Pradesh has the largest forest cover in India by area. The state reported a forest cover of 77,482 square kilometers, representing about 25.14 percent of its total geographical area. This ranking is based on the absolute extent of land covered by forests within the state boundaries, as determined by remote sensing data and ground truthing conducted by the Forest Survey of India.

Explanation

VISHWAS stands for Video Integration and State Wide Advanced Security. Launched in January 2020 in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, it is a major e-governance initiative designed to enhance law and order and traffic management. The project integrates the CCTV camera networks of 33 districts across the state, connecting the district-level command and control centers, known as Netram, with a centralized State Level Command and Control Center. This system facilitates real-time monitoring and data analysis to improve public safety and crime detection through advanced surveillance technology.

Explanation

The Sun emits a broad spectrum of electromagnetic radiation that covers all wavelengths of visible light. When these wavelengths are combined, they produce white light. This is demonstrated by passing sunlight through a prism, which disperses the light into the various colors of the rainbow, proving that the original source contains the full visible spectrum. In the vacuum of space, without the interference of the Earth's atmosphere, the Sun appears as a pure white disk because all colors reach the observer simultaneously and at nearly equal intensities across the visible range.

Explanation

Dhanu Jatra is an annual drama-based open-air theatrical performance celebrated in Bargarh, Odisha. Spanning 11 days, it is recognized by the Guinness World Records as the largest open-air theatre in the world because the performance is not confined to a single stage; instead, the entire town of Bargarh and its surrounding areas transform into a massive set. The festival depicts the mythological story of Lord Krishna and his uncle, King Kansa. During the event, Bargarh becomes the city of Mathura, the nearby Ambapali area represents Gopapura, and the Jeera River is treated as the Yamuna. This tradition started in 1947-48 to celebrate India's independence, symbolizing the victory of good over evil through the enactment of Kansa's death at the hands of Krishna.

Explanation

Dibrugarh district in Assam was conferred the Plastic Waste Management Award 2020 for its exemplary performance in the plastic waste management category during the Swachhta Hi Seva 2019 campaign. The award was presented by the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation under the Ministry of Jal Shakti during the Swachh Darpan Awards ceremony held in New Delhi. This recognition was based on the district's successful implementation of innovative and effective initiatives for the collection, segregation, and recycling of plastic waste, aligning with the national goal to eliminate single-use plastics. Dibrugarh's systematic approach to waste disposal and community mobilization during the campaign made it the top-performing district in India for this category.

Explanation

The Polly Umrigar Award is presented annually by the Board of Control for Cricket in India to the best international cricketer of the year. Jasprit Bumrah was conferred with this prestigious honor at the BCCI Annual Awards held in January 2020 for his exceptional performance during the 2018-19 season. During this period, Bumrah played a crucial role in India's maiden Test series victory on Australian soil and became the first Asian bowler to claim five-wicket hauls in South Africa, England, Australia, and the West Indies in the same calendar year. He also became only the third Indian cricketer to take a hat-trick in Test cricket during the tour of the West Indies in 2019.

Explanation

Ishwar Sharma, a young yoga practitioner of Indian origin based in the United Kingdom, was recognized with the Global Child Prodigy Award 2020 for his exceptional talent in Yoga. He has won multiple gold medals at national and international yoga championships, including the World Yoga Championship. His mastery of complex asanas and his contribution to promoting the ancient discipline of yoga among children led to his selection as one of the 100 child prodigies globally at the awards ceremony held in New Delhi in January 2020.

Explanation

The Indian Army initiated the recruitment process for women to join the Corps of Military Police (CMP) as soldiers in 2019, marking the first time women were eligible for positions below the officer rank. The first batch of 100 women candidates began their rigorous 61-week training program at the Corps of Military Police Centre and School in Bengaluru in January 2020. Given this training schedule, the Indian Army planned to commission and induct this first batch into active service by the first half of 2021. This move was part of a broader plan to eventually induct 1,700 women soldiers into the CMP in a phased manner over 17 years.

Explanation

Part VIII of the Constitution of India, comprising Articles 239 to 242, provides the administrative and legislative framework for the Union Territories. These territories are governed directly by the Union, where the President of India acts through an appointed administrator or Lieutenant Governor. Article 239 outlines the general administration of these regions, while Article 239A enables Parliament to create local legislatures or Councils of Ministers for specific Union Territories, such as Puducherry. Furthermore, Article 239AA provides special provisions for the National Capital Territory of Delhi, detailing its unique governance structure. This part ensures that regions not categorized as States are administered under the direct or delegated authority of the central government.

Explanation

The Sonitpur Elephant Reserve is situated in the state of Assam, specifically within the Sonitpur district. It was officially notified by the Government of Assam in 2003 to ensure the conservation of Asian elephants and their migration corridors in the North-Eastern region. The reserve encompasses several important protected areas, including Nameri National Park and the Sonai-Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary, forming a vital part of the trans-boundary elephant habitat in the Brahmaputra river valley.

Explanation

Cuprite is a mineral composed of cuprous oxide with the chemical formula Cu₂O. It serves as a secondary ore of copper and is typically found in the oxidized zones of copper lodes. Because its chemical composition consists of copper and oxygen, it contains no iron and is therefore not used in the iron-making process.

Explanation

The National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) was accorded constitutional status through the 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2018. This amendment inserted Article 338B into the Constitution of India, which provides for the establishment of a commission for the socially and educationally backward classes. Article 338B details the structure, duties, and powers of the Commission, empowering it to investigate and monitor all matters relating to the safeguards provided for the backward classes under the Constitution or any other law. Prior to this amendment, the NCBC was a statutory body created under the National Commission for Backward Classes Act, 1993. The insertion of Article 338B brought the Commission's framework in line with the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (Article 338) and the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (Article 338A).

Explanation

Arunima Sinha, a former national-level volleyball player, became the first female amputee in the world to scale Mount Everest on May 21, 2013. She lost her left leg below the knee after being pushed out of a moving train by robbers in 2011. Following her recovery and prosthetic fitment, she trained under Bachendri Pal at the Tata Steel Adventure Foundation. Her successful ascent of the 8,848-metre peak remains a landmark achievement in mountaineering history. For her courage and feat, she was honored with the Padma Shri, India's fourth-highest civilian award, in 2015.

Explanation

Pernicious anaemia is a condition where the body cannot produce enough healthy red blood cells because it lacks vitamin B12. This specific type of anaemia is primarily caused by an autoimmune response that destroys parietal cells in the stomach lining, which are responsible for secreting intrinsic factor. Intrinsic factor is a protein essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine. Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, plays a critical role in DNA synthesis and the proper maturation of erythrocytes. Without adequate B12, red blood cells become abnormally large and fail to divide properly, leading to a reduction in the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity and potential damage to the nervous system.

Explanation

The Indian women's national football team secured its fifth consecutive South Asian Football Federation (SAFF) Women's Championship title in March 2019. In the final match held at the Sahid Rangasala Stadium in Biratnagar, Nepal, India defeated the host nation 3-1. This victory maintained India's perfect record in the tournament's history, as the team has won every edition since the competition began in 2010. India previously earned titles in 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016. The 2019 triumph also marked an impressive milestone for the team, extending their unbeaten run in the SAFF Women's Championship to twenty-three matches over the course of five tournament cycles.

Explanation

The Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara, situated in the state of Bihar near Patna, was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site during the 40th session of the World Heritage Committee in July 2016. The site comprises the archaeological remains of a major monastic and scholastic institution that flourished from the 3rd century BCE to the 13th century CE. It encompasses stupas, shrines, and viharas which served as residential and educational buildings, reflecting the organized layout and architectural development of one of the most ancient universities in the world. The inscription recognizes its outstanding universal value as a center of learning that played a pivotal role in the diffusion of Buddhism across Asia.

Explanation

The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) has its headquarters at the Cricket Centre, located within the Wankhede Stadium complex in Mumbai. As the national governing body for cricket in India, the BCCI manages the sport's administration, scheduling, and development across the country. Mumbai has served as the primary administrative and operational hub for the organization, housing the central offices where key policy decisions, financial management, and logistical planning for Indian cricket are conducted.

Explanation

Girish Chandra Murmu, an Indian Administrative Service officer of the 1985 batch from the Gujarat cadre, was appointed as the first Lieutenant Governor of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. This appointment followed the formal reorganization of the state into two Union Territories—Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh—under the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019. He was sworn into office on October 31, 2019, the day the reorganization officially took effect. The oath of office was administered by Justice Gita Mittal, who was the Chief Justice of the High Court of Jammu and Kashmir at the time. Murmu served in this capacity until his resignation in August 2020, overseeing the initial administrative transition of the newly formed Union Territory.

Explanation

Jaisalmer is widely known as the Golden City due to the yellow sandstone used in the construction of its buildings and the massive Jaisalmer Fort. This specific type of sandstone gives the entire city a yellowish-golden tinge, which becomes particularly vibrant and glowing under the rays of the sun at sunrise and sunset. Situated in the heart of the Thar Desert in Rajasthan, the city's architectural style and the natural color of the local stone create a uniform golden landscape that has defined its identity for centuries.

Explanation

The product or value added method is one of the three fundamental approaches used to calculate the national income or Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of an economy. This method measures the aggregate value of goods and services by summing the value added at every stage of the production process across all sectors, including primary, secondary, and tertiary industries. Value added is defined as the difference between the total value of output produced by a firm and the value of intermediate inputs or goods used in the production process. The formula is expressed as Value Added = Value of Output - Intermediate Consumption. By focusing on the net contribution of each producing unit, this method effectively avoids the problem of double counting, ensuring that the final figure represents the true aggregate value of all final goods and services produced within the domestic territory during a specific period.

Explanation

Rabindranath Tagore renounced his knighthood in 1919 as a symbolic act of protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. He had been awarded the title by the British government in 1915. Following the brutal killing of hundreds of peaceful protesters in Amritsar on April 13, 1919, Tagore wrote a formal letter to the Viceroy, Lord Chelmsford, expressing his deep distress and solidarity with his countrymen. In his letter, he stated that the time had come when badges of honor make our shame glaring in their incongruous context of humiliation, and he wished to stand, shorn of all special distinctions, by the side of those of his countrymen who, for their so-called insignificance, were liable to suffer degradation not fit for human beings.

Explanation

The Pancha Rathas, or the Five Rathas, is a monument complex at Mahabalipuram on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal, built during the 7th and 8th centuries by the Pallava dynasty. These structures are examples of monolithic rock-cut architecture, each carved from a single long stone of granite. The monuments are named after the five Pandavas and their common wife, Draupadi, from the epic Mahabharata. The Draupadi Ratha is the smallest of the five structures and is located at the northern end of the complex. It is uniquely shaped like a simple community hut with a thatched roof, a style known as kutagara, and is dedicated to the goddess Durga. Unlike the larger, more tiered rathas dedicated to the brothers, the Draupadi Ratha shares a common platform with the Arjuna Ratha and features a base supported by carvings of a lion and an elephant.

Explanation

The Grand Canal of China, also known as the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, is the longest and oldest man-made waterway in the world. Stretching approximately 1,776 kilometers in length, it connects the capital Beijing in the north with Hangzhou in the south, linking five of China's major river basins, including the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. Construction of the canal began as early as the 5th century BC, though its various sections were significantly expanded and connected during the Sui Dynasty. For centuries, it served as a vital artery for the transport of grain, troops, and cultural exchange, facilitating economic integration between the agricultural south and the political centers of the north. Its historical and engineering significance led to its designation as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2014.

Explanation

The Ghadar Party was established on 15 July 1913 in the United States by Indian immigrants, primarily from Punjab, to organize an armed rebellion against British imperial rule in India. Originally named the Pacific Coast Hindustan Association, the movement was led by key figures such as Lala Hardayal, who served as the general secretary, and Sohan Singh Bhakna, who was elected as its first president. The party operated from its headquarters, the Yugantar Ashram in San Francisco, and utilized its revolutionary journal, The Ghadar, to mobilize the Indian diaspora across North America and Southeast Asia for the cause of national independence.

Explanation

Ala-ud-din Khilji commissioned the construction of the Alai Darwaza in 1311 AD as part of his ambitious project to extend the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque in the Qutub Minar complex. It stands as the southern gateway to the mosque and is celebrated as one of the finest examples of early Indo-Islamic architecture. The structure is historically significant for being the first building in India to utilize the true arch and true dome technique based on Islamic architectural principles. Constructed using red sandstone with exquisite white marble inlay work, it features elaborate carvings and surface decorations that reflect the artistic transition during the Delhi Sultanate era. The gateway remains a primary example of the architectural advancements achieved during the Khilji dynasty.

Explanation

The Indus Waters Treaty is a water-sharing agreement between India and Pakistan signed in Karachi on 19 September 1960. The treaty was brokered by the World Bank (then the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development) after nearly a decade of negotiations to resolve disputes over the usage of the Indus River system. It was signed by the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, and the President of Pakistan, Mohammad Ayub Khan. The treaty established a framework for cooperation and information exchange between the two countries regarding the use of the rivers, specifically allocating the three eastern rivers (Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej) to India and the three western rivers (Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab) to Pakistan, subject to specific regulations for upstream use by India.

Explanation

Solutions are defined as homogeneous mixtures consisting of two or more components. In such a mixture, the solute particles are distributed uniformly at the molecular or ionic level throughout the solvent, resulting in a single phase where the properties and composition are identical in every part of the sample. These mixtures are stable, meaning the components do not settle out over time, and the individual particles are typically smaller than 1 nanometer, making them invisible to the naked eye and impossible to separate by ordinary filtration.

Explanation

The number of images N formed by two plane mirrors inclined at an angle θ is determined using the ratio n = (360°)/(θ). For an inclination of θ = 120°, the calculation yields n = (360°)/(120°) = 3. When n results in an odd integer, the number of images is n - 1 if the object is placed symmetrically on the bisector of the angle between the mirrors. Consequently, N = 3 - 1 = 2. In this configuration, the images produced by successive reflections eventually overlap at the same position, which reduces the total count of distinct images observed.

Explanation

In economics and accounting, depreciation represents the systematic allocation of the cost of a physical asset over its useful life. Capital goods, such as machinery, equipment, factory buildings, and vehicles, are durable assets used in the production of other goods and services. As these assets are utilized over multiple production cycles, they experience physical deterioration and functional obsolescence, which leads to a gradual decline in their monetary value. This annual allowance for wear and tear, often referred to as the consumption of fixed capital, ensures that the expense of using these assets is accurately reflected in the cost of production over time.

Explanation

The Padma Awards, which are among the highest civilian honors of India, are announced annually on the occasion of Republic Day. Instituted in 1954, these awards are categorized into three tiers: Padma Vibhushan for exceptional and distinguished service, Padma Bhushan for distinguished service of high order, and Padma Shri for distinguished service in any field. The selection process involves recommendations from the Padma Awards Committee, which is constituted by the Prime Minister every year. The awards seek to recognize achievements in all fields of activities or disciplines where an element of public service is involved, such as art, social work, public affairs, science and engineering, trade and industry, medicine, literature and education, sports, and civil service. Although the names of the recipients are announced on the eve of Republic Day, the actual award ceremony is conducted by the President of India at Rashtrapati Bhavan later in the year.

Explanation

Palladium is a transition metal that acts as a highly efficient catalyst in hydrogenation reactions, where hydrogen is added to unsaturated organic compounds like alkenes or alkynes. The catalytic process occurs through a heterogeneous mechanism where hydrogen molecules are adsorbed onto the surface of the palladium. This adsorption weakens the H-H bond, allowing individual hydrogen atoms to react more easily with the carbon-carbon double or triple bonds of the substrate. Palladium is frequently utilized in the form of palladium on carbon (Pd/C) to maximize the available surface area, enabling the conversion of unsaturated hydrocarbons into saturated ones under relatively mild conditions of temperature and pressure.

Explanation

The Hyderabad Fund refers to a sum of 1,007,940 pounds and 9 shillings transferred in September 1948 by the Seventh Nizam of Hyderabad's Finance Minister to an account held by Habib Ibrahim Rahimtoola at the Westminster Bank, which is now the National Westminster Bank. The transfer occurred just before the princely state of Hyderabad was annexed by India during Operation Polo. For decades, the fund remained frozen due to competing claims of ownership by the Government of India, the descendants of the Nizam, and the Government of Pakistan. In October 2019, the High Court of England and Wales ruled that the Nizam's descendants and India were the rightful owners of the money, which had grown to approximately 35 million pounds with interest, rejecting Pakistan's claim of sovereign immunity and ownership.

Explanation

In 2019, the premium leather fashion brand Brune | Bareskin signed Indian cricketer Harbhajan Singh as its brand ambassador. The brand, which specializes in handcrafted leather products such as footwear, jackets, and accessories, aimed to utilize Harbhajan's stylish image to promote its bespoke collections. This collaboration was designed to increase the brand's presence in the luxury lifestyle market and appeal to a wider audience looking for high-quality leather goods.

Explanation

The Berach River originates from the Gogunda Hills in the Udaipur district of Rajasthan. In its initial reaches, the river is known as the Ayad River. It flows through the Udai Sagar Lake, after which it is called the Berach. The river travels a distance of approximately 157 kilometers through the districts of Udaipur, Chittorgarh, and Bhilwara. It eventually joins the Banas River at Bigod in the Bhilwara district, forming part of the Ganga river basin through the Chambal and Yamuna rivers. The river is historically significant as the ancient Ahar civilization developed along its banks.

Explanation

Dr. Gutta Muniratnam, a well-known social worker and founder of Rashtriya Seva Samithi, was the first recipient of the Muppavarapu National Award for Social Service. At the same ceremony in January 2020, Dr. M.S. Swaminathan received the Muppavarapu Venkaiah Naidu National Award for Excellence.

Explanation

The Kakori train robbery, which took place on August 9, 1925, was a revolutionary act orchestrated by the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) to secure funds for their activities against British colonial rule. Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan were the primary leaders who conceived and executed the plan to loot the Number 8 Down Train carrying government treasury money near Kakori, Lucknow. Ram Prasad Bismil, as the head of the HRA, was the chief architect of the operation, while Ashfaqullah Khan was a key strategist and active participant. Their goal was to utilize the seized funds to purchase firearms and expand the revolutionary network across India. Following the event, both were arrested during the subsequent crackdown and were eventually executed in December 1927 after being convicted in the Kakori Conspiracy Case.

Explanation

India secured the 34th rank in the World Economic Forum's Travel | Tourism Competitiveness Index 2019, moving up six places from its 40th position in 2017. This improvement was largely driven by India's vast cultural and natural resources, where it ranked 8th and 14th globally, respectively. The biennial report highlighted India's strong price competitiveness and improvements in its business environment and air transport infrastructure. India was recognized as the most improved nation among the high-ranking economies in the 2019 index, reflecting its growing appeal as a global tourist destination and its efforts to enhance tourism-related policies and infrastructure.

Explanation

Eli Whitney was an American inventor who developed the cotton gin in 1793, receiving a patent for the device in 1794. The machine was designed to automate the separation of cottonseed from short-staple cotton fiber, a task that was previously performed by hand and was extremely time-consuming. Whitney's mechanical design utilized a rotating cylinder with wire teeth to pull the cotton through small slots in a grid, effectively trapping the seeds while allowing the lint to pass through. This breakthrough drastically increased the speed of cotton production and solidified cotton as a major global commodity, profoundly impacting the agricultural and economic landscape of the era.

Explanation

Epsom salt is the common name for magnesium sulphate, a chemical compound composed of magnesium, sulphur, and oxygen. It is most frequently found in its hydrated form as magnesium sulphate heptahydrate, which has the chemical formula MgSO₄ · 7H₂O. The salt gets its name from the town of Epsom in Surrey, England, where it was originally discovered and produced from natural saline springs. It is highly valued for its high solubility and is used extensively in agriculture to supplement magnesium levels in soil, in medicinal applications as a laxative or electrolyte replenisher, and in wellness treatments such as bath salts to alleviate muscle aches and inflammation.

Explanation

Piscicides are chemical substances specifically formulated to control or eliminate fish populations, particularly those considered pests or invasive species in a specific aquatic ecosystem. The term is derived from the Latin word piscis, meaning fish, and the suffix -cide, indicating an agent that kills. These substances are widely used in fisheries management to remove undesirable fish from a body of water before restocking it with native or commercially valuable species. A prominent example of a piscicide is rotenone, a naturally occurring compound that inhibits cellular respiration in fish, allowing for effective population control in ponds, lakes, and streams.

Explanation

The tomb of Rani Lakshmi Bai, popularly known as the Samadhi of Rani Lakshmi Bai, is located in the Phool Bagh area of Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. She was one of the leading figures of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and is remembered for her extraordinary bravery against the British East India Company. Rani Lakshmi Bai died in Gwalior on June 18, 1858, while fighting the British forces commanded by Sir Hugh Rose during the final stages of the revolt. The memorial was constructed at the spot where she was cremated to honor her martyrdom and role in India's struggle for independence.

Explanation

Milan is a biennial multilateral naval exercise hosted by the Indian Navy that commenced in 1995. While the exercise was traditionally held at Port Blair under the Andaman and Nicobar Command, the venue for the March 2020 edition was moved to Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, under the Eastern Naval Command. This shift to the mainland was designed to provide more sea space for complex maritime maneuvers and to better accommodate the significantly larger number of participating nations and vessels compared to previous years. The 2020 edition was organized with the theme Synergy Across the Seas to enhance professional interaction and maritime cooperation among friendly foreign navies.

Explanation

The Election Commission of India launched the Political Parties Registration Tracking Management System (PPRTMS) to introduce transparency and facilitate the tracking of applications for the registration of political parties. Effective from January 1, 2020, this online system allows associations applying for registration under Section 29A of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, to monitor the progress of their application in real-time. The portal provides status updates to applicants through SMS and email, ensuring that the registration process, which typically takes four months, is more accessible and user-friendly for prospective political entities.