RRB NTPC CBT 1 2026 General Awareness Questions with Solutions

Explanation

According to official data from the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH), the total length of the National Highways network in India reached 1,46,204 km. This reflects a growth of approximately 60% from the 91,287 km network length that existed in March 2014, driven by accelerated highway construction and increased capital expenditure under key infrastructure initiatives such as the PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan and Bharatmala Pariyojana.

Explanation

Decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, break down dead organic matter and waste products into simpler inorganic substances. This process recycles essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon back into the soil, water, and atmosphere, making them available again for primary producers and maintaining ecological balance.

Explanation

The official newspaper and mouthpiece of the Ghadar movement was "Ghadar" (later published as "Hindustan Ghadar"), launched in November 1913 from San Francisco, USA, by the Ghadar Party under the leadership of Lala Har Dayal. "The Hitavada" was associated with Gopal Krishna Gokhale and the Servants of India Society, having no connection to the Ghadar movement.

Explanation

In Microsoft Windows, the keyboard shortcut Alt + F4 is a universal system command designed to close the currently active window or application. If no application window is active and the user is on the desktop, pressing Alt + F4 opens the Shut Down Windows prompt.

Explanation

The World Urbanization Prospects report is compiled and published by the Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA). In November 2025, UN DESA released the World Urbanization Prospects 2025 revision, introducing the Degree of Urbanization (DEGURBA) methodology. DEGURBA is a standardized geospatial framework that classifies human settlements along the continuum of cities, towns, and rural areas using population density and built-up land grids, providing harmonized and globally comparable urbanization metrics alongside national definitions.

Explanation

The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, introduced Part IX-A to the Constitution of India, titled "The Municipalities", and added the Twelfth Schedule. Under Article 243W, this schedule contains 18 functional items entrusted to urban local bodies, covering key municipal matters such as urban planning, regulation of land use, roads and bridges, water supply, public health, sanitation, and slum improvement.

Explanation

Copper is a metal with a high density of free electrons in its conduction band that move easily when an electric field is applied. These delocalized valence electrons carry electric charge efficiently through the crystal lattice, resulting in extremely low electrical resistivity and high conductivity.

Explanation

The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was a political agreement signed between Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin, the Viceroy of India, on 5 March 1931 in Delhi prior to the Second Round Table Conference, making the year 1929 incorrect.

Explanation

On 19 October 2025, a broad-daylight heist occurred at the Louvre Museum in Paris, France. Thieves used an elevated basket lift to access the second-floor Apollo Gallery (Galerie d'Apollon), cut through display cases, and stole priceless 19th-century royal jewellery from the French Crown Jewels collection.

Explanation

The clouds in the upper atmosphere of Venus are composed mainly of droplets of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). These dense sulfuric acid clouds form when sulfur dioxide and water vapor present in the atmosphere react under the influence of ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. Sulfuric acid clouds obscure the planet's surface from view and contribute significantly to Venus's high reflectivity and extreme atmospheric environment.

Explanation

Black soil (Regur soil) has a high clay content, giving it exceptional moisture-retention capacity. During the rainy monsoon season, it absorbs large quantities of water and retains this moisture well into the post-monsoon dry period. This residual subsoil moisture enables farmers in regions like Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh to sow a second crop during the Rabi season (such as gram, wheat, or mustard) without requiring extensive supplementary irrigation, thereby supporting multiple cropping cycles and increasing overall cropping intensity.

Explanation

The Godavari is the second-longest river in India, originating at Trimbakeshwar in Nashik, Maharashtra. It flows eastward across the Deccan Plateau and enters the eastern coastal plains of Andhra Pradesh before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. As the river reaches the low-gradient coastal region, its velocity decreases, causing it to split into distributaries such as Gautami and Vasishta and deposit large volumes of silt, forming an extensive delta along the eastern coast.

Explanation

Meenakshi Temple in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, is a landmark example of Dravidian architecture. Built primarily under the patronage of the Pandyan and Nayak rulers, it exhibits key features of the Dravidian style, including high enclosure walls, towering gopurams decorated with intricate polychrome sculptures, large pillared halls such as the Hall of Thousand Pillars, and a sacred temple tank known as Porthamarai Kulam.

Explanation

In December 2025, India and Liberia signed a Memorandum of Understanding on cooperation in the field of pharmacopoeia between the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission and Liberia's Ministry of Health. Under this agreement, Liberia formally recognized the Indian Pharmacopoeia as an official standard for testing, authentication, and quality control of pharmaceuticals. This partnership aims to align regulatory frameworks, enable quality assurance for imported and domestic medicines, and facilitate access to safe, effective, and affordable generic drugs.

Explanation

The Junagadh rock inscription of Rudradaman I, written in Sanskrit, records that when a severe storm breached the embankment of the Sudarshana Lake in Kathiawar, Gujarat, the Shaka ruler Rudradaman I undertook its complete restoration. He financed the entire project from his personal treasury without levying any extra taxes, forced labor (vishti), or emergency funds on his subjects.

Explanation

Article 243ZK of the Indian Constitution, inserted by the 97th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2011 under Part IXB, deals with the election of members of the board of co-operative societies. It mandates that elections to a board must be conducted before the expiry of its term or before the expiry of its period of supersession, thereby ensuring regular, free, and timely democratic elections to co-operative bodies.

Explanation

The natural environment provides aesthetic services, which include scenic beauty, landscapes, national parks, and eco-tourism opportunities that contribute significantly to human well-being and quality of life. Denying these services contradicts one of the primary, universally recognized functions of the environment alongside resource supply, waste assimilation, and life sustenance.

Explanation

Under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G), launched by the Ministry of Rural Development, the minimum required size for a housing unit provided to beneficiaries is 25 square metres. This prescribed minimum unit size specifically includes a dedicated space for hygienic cooking. Upgraded from the erstwhile Indira Awaas Yojana, this expanded minimum area requirement ensures adequate livability, structural durability, and improved quality of life for rural households.

Explanation

Task Manager is a built-in system utility in Windows that provides a real-time overview of running applications, background processes, and system performance metrics. Through its Processes and Performance tabs, users can monitor live resource usage—including CPU, memory, disk, network, and GPU activity—as activities occur on the computer.

Explanation

The Control Panel in Microsoft Windows is a central system management utility that contains administrative tools and configuration options. One of its primary applets, Programs and Features (formerly known as Add or Remove Programs), enables users to uninstall, repair, modify, and manage installed software applications and optional Windows features on the system.

Explanation

According to the National Air Quality Index (NAQI) data released for major Indian cities in 2025 by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Shillong, the capital of Meghalaya, recorded the lowest pollution levels and topped the list of cities with the cleanest air. Shillong consistently maintained an Air Quality Index (AQI) well within the "Good" category (0–50), driven by its high elevation, extensive forest cover, minimal industrial density, and favorable meteorological conditions.

Explanation

Zapad (meaning "West") is a strategic military exercise conducted by Russia. In September 2025, a contingent from the Indian Armed Forces participated in the Zapad-2025 exercise held at the Mulino Training Ground in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, aimed at enhancing counter-terrorism capabilities, operational interoperability, and long-standing bilateral defence cooperation.

Explanation

Economic activities are categorized into sectors based on their function in the economy. Tertiary activities constitute the service sector, providing professional, commercial, and personal services that support production, distribution, and consumption rather than extracting raw materials or manufacturing physical goods. Real estate involves business services such as buying, selling, renting, and managing land and buildings, making it a recognized component of the tertiary sector.

Explanation

Article 280 of the Indian Constitution provides for the Finance Commission as a quasi-judicial body. It is constituted by the President of India every five years, or at such earlier time as the President considers necessary, to make recommendations on the distribution of tax revenues between the Centre and the States.

Explanation

Section 3 of the Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951 states that the Finance Commission shall consist of a Chairman and four other members to be appointed by the President of India. This statutory provision reflects Article 280(1) of the Constitution of India, which mandates the same composition for the Finance Commission.

Explanation

Article 39(d) under the Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV) of the Indian Constitution specifically directs the State to secure equal pay for equal work for both men and women. This principle obligates the government to prevent gender-based wage discrimination and served as the constitutional foundation for enacting the Equal Remuneration Act, 1976.

Explanation

Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) is a nationwide Centrally Sponsored Scheme launched on 25 December 2000 to provide good quality, all-weather road connectivity to eligible unconnected habitations in rural and remote areas. The scheme plays a crucial role in promoting rural socio-economic growth by facilitating access to markets, educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and administrative centers.

Explanation

Joule's law of heating states that the heat energy H generated in a conductor is given by the formula H = I²Rt, where I is the electric current, R is the resistance, and t is the time duration. From this relation, the heat produced is directly proportional to the square of the current (H ∝ I²) passing through the resistor for a given resistance and time.

Explanation

Ragini is a major folk song genre of Haryana, deeply rooted in the state's cultural heritage and rural traditions. It forms the musical core of Haryana's traditional folk theatre, known as Swang or Saang. Raginis are narrative folk songs composed in regional Haryanvi dialects, covering a wide range of themes including mythological stories, historical legends, moral preachings, and contemporary social issues.

Explanation

The Poligar Rebellion, also known as the Palaiyakkarar Wars, was a series of anti-colonial uprisings waged by the Palaiyakkarars (local feudal chieftains) of southern Tamil Nadu against the British East India Company between 1799 and 1805. Prominent leaders such as Veerapandiya Kattabomman, Puli Thevar, Omathurai, and the Maruthu Pandiyar brothers led armed resistance against the British tax extraction system and territorial annexation following the decline of the Carnatic Sultanate's authority.

Explanation

The Union Cabinet is the core body of senior ministers led by the Prime Minister that acts as the supreme policy-formulating and decision-making authority of the executive branch. Under Article 74 and Article 75 of the Indian Constitution, the Cabinet exercises collective responsibility, directs government policy, and oversees the implementation of key national administration decisions, distinguishing it as the highest executive council of the state.

Explanation

During the booting process, the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) is responsible for initializing and testing hardware components via the Power-On Self-Test (POST). It then identifies the bootable storage drive, locates the bootloader program, and loads the operating system kernel into main memory so the system can start functioning.

Explanation

When a file is moved to the Recycle Bin in Windows 11, its data remains on the storage disk and can be restored at any time until the Recycle Bin is explicitly emptied. Windows file systems use a hierarchical tree structure originating from drive letters, where folders and subfolders form a nested system ensuring every file has a single, unique absolute path identifying its location.

Explanation

The Indian Councils Act of 1909, also known as the Morley-Minto Reforms, introduced the system of separate electorates for Muslims, wherein Muslim representatives were to be elected exclusively by Muslim voters. This provision legally institutionalized communal representation in Indian politics, seeding religious divisions and severely undermining the unified national identity and solidarity of the Indian freedom movement.

Explanation

According to the Census of India, the male literacy rate increased from 75.26% in 2001 to 82.14% in 2011, while the female literacy rate rose from 53.67% to 65.46% during the same decade. As female literacy grew at a faster pace than male literacy, the gender gap in literacy reduced from 21.59 percentage points in 2001 to 16.68 percentage points in 2011.

Explanation

Tuvalu officially became the 90th State Member of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in October 2025 after formally endorsing the IUCN Statutes during the World Conservation Congress in Abu Dhabi. It is the 11th State Member from the Oceania region to join the organization. Membership provides the climate-vulnerable Pacific island nation with access to global scientific expertise, international environmental policy platforms, and funding mechanisms like the Green Climate Fund and Global Environment Facility to enhance its marine biodiversity conservation and climate adaptation strategies.

Explanation

Biennial Update Reports (BURs) are submitted by non-Annex I Parties (developing countries), including India, to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) every two years. As mandated under Decision 1/CP.16 taken at COP 16 in Cancún, these reports provide periodic updates on national greenhouse gas inventories, progress on mitigation actions, and information on finance, technology transfer, and capacity-building requirements.

Explanation

The 92nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 2003 added four languages—Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santhali—to the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution. With this addition, the total number of officially recognized languages in the Eighth Schedule increased from 18 to 22.

Explanation

In the post-Gupta period, Samantas were feudal lords or autonomous vassal rulers who controlled landed estates granted by the sovereign king. They collected revenue from their territories, maintained armed forces to assist the king during wars, and paid regular tribute to the central authority, forming the core of the decentralized political system in early medieval India.

Explanation

Computers operate on the Garbage In, Garbage Out (GIGO) principle and lack inherent decision-making capacity or intelligence (lack of IQ). Diligence enables a computer system to process tasks continuously without fatigue or loss of accuracy, but it cannot evaluate the accuracy or logical correctness of the input data provided to it. If incorrect or flawed data is fed into the system, the computer blindly and diligently processes it to produce an incorrect result. This fundamental limitation—complete reliance on human input and inability to independently detect contextual errors—cannot be overcome by diligence.

Explanation

The Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs is chaired by a senior Cabinet Minister, typically the Minister of Defence or Minister of Home Affairs, rather than the Prime Minister. Its primary responsibility is to monitor and direct the progress of government business in Parliament, finalize dates for parliamentary sessions, and coordinate executive policy regarding legislative matters.

Explanation

The Baishagu festival is a major traditional springtime festival celebrated by the Bodo (Boro Kachari) community of Assam. Marked with great enthusiasm in mid-April to coincide with the Assamese New Year (Bohag Bihu), it heralds the arrival of spring and the beginning of the new agricultural season. During Baishagu, people worship their supreme deity Bathou, play traditional instruments such as the siphung (flute) and khram (drum), and perform the folk dance Bagurumba.

Explanation

The Agriculture Insurance Company of India Ltd. (AIC) was designated as the specialized implementing agency for the National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS), which was launched in the 1999–2000 Rabi season by the Government of India. The scheme provided financial protection to farmers by insuring food crops, oilseeds, and annual commercial or horticultural crops against yield losses caused by natural calamities, pests, and diseases through an area-yield index approach.

Explanation

In a classic Mendelian monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents (Tt × Tt) exhibiting complete dominance, the offspring in the F2 generation inherit genotypes in a 1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt ratio. Since both homozygous dominant (TT) and heterozygous (Tt) genotypes express the dominant trait, three out of four offspring display the dominant phenotype and one displays the recessive phenotype, producing a classic 3:1 phenotypic ratio.

Explanation

A reservation system is a specialized computer application designed to manage bookings, track schedule availability, and process passenger details in real time. Transport services such as railways and airlines rely on these central reservation systems to allow users to search for travel itineraries, check seat availability, complete electronic payments, and generate digital tickets automatically.

Explanation

Article 32 guarantees the right to move the Supreme Court by appropriate proceedings for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights. It empowers the Supreme Court to issue directions, orders, or writs, including habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto, and certiorari, to strike down any law or executive action that violates Fundamental Rights, thereby conferring the fundamental power of judicial review.

Explanation

The District Court, presided over by the District and Sessions Judge, is the apex judicial authority at the district level in India. It holds both original and appellate jurisdiction in civil and criminal matters arising within the district, while exercising administrative control over all subordinate courts in that territorial jurisdiction.

Explanation

In the gaseous state, intermolecular forces of attraction between particles are extremely weak compared to their kinetic energy. Consequently, gas particles are separated by relatively large distances and move rapidly and randomly in all directions, constantly colliding with each other and the walls of their container.

Explanation

Cheriyal scroll painting is a traditional narrative art form practiced by the Nakashi artisan community in Cheriyal village, located in the Siddipet district of Telangana. These brightly colored scrolls depict stories from Indian epics, Hindu mythology, and regional folklore, traditionally used as visual aids by folk storytellers. Cheriyal scroll painting was granted Geographical Indication (GI) status in 2007.

Explanation

The keyboard shortcut Ctrl + F stands for Find. It opens the search bar in PDF viewers, web browsers, and document editors, allowing users to quickly search for and locate specific words, phrases, or text strings within a document.