IBPS PO Prelims 2019 Reasoning Ability Questions with Solutions

Explanation

Positions of the letters of BRISKLY in the alphabetical order are B=2, R=18, I=9, S=19, K=11, L=12, Y=25.

Comparing the letter positions in the word with their alphabetical differences: Pair (I, K): In the word, positions are 3 and 5 (difference of 2). In the alphabet, I=9 and K=11 (difference of 2). Pair (I, L): In the word, positions are 3 and 6 (difference of 3). In the alphabet, I=9 and L=12 (difference of 3). Pair (K, L): In the word, positions are 5 and 6 (difference of 1). In the alphabet, K=11 and L=12 (difference of 1).

There are 3 such pairs in total.

Explanation

D (father) and G (mother) are married and have children B (male) and R (female). B is married to A. R is married to P (male), and they have a daughter Q. Since B is the brother of P's wife (R), B is the brother-in-law of P.

Explanation

Since D and G are the parents of B and R, any brother of B (such as C) is also a sibling of R. Since R is the mother of Q, C is the maternal uncle of Q.

Explanation

Q is the daughter of P and R. Since P is given as the father of Q, R is the mother of Q and therefore the wife of P.

Explanation

Applying the transformation (+1 to even digits, -1 to odd digits) on '624739854': 6 → 7, 2 → 3, 4 → 5, 7 → 6, 3 → 2, 9 → 8, 8 → 9, 5 → 4, 4 → 5.

The resulting sequence is 735628945. The fifth digit from the left end is 2. The fourth digit from the right end (sixth from left) is 8. Sum = 2 + 8 = 10.

Explanation

The arrangement around the rectangular table in clockwise order from position 1 to 8 is: 1: F (Middle, facing inside) 2: B (Corner, facing outside) 3: H (Middle, facing inside) 4: E (Corner, facing outside) 5: A (Middle, facing inside) 6: G (Corner, facing outside) 7: C (Middle, facing inside) 8: D (Corner, facing outside)

E, G, D, and B sit at the corners facing outside the center, while H sits at the middle of a side facing towards the center.

Explanation

D sits at position 8 (corner, facing outside). For a person facing outside at position 8, right corresponds to clockwise direction: 1st to the right is position 1 (F) 2nd to the right is position 2 (B) 3rd to the right is position 3 (H)

Explanation

G sits at position 6 (corner, facing outside). Facing outside means right is in the clockwise direction: 1st to the right is position 7 (C) 2nd to the right is position 8 (D) 3rd to the right is position 1 (F)

Therefore, F sits 3rd to the right of G.

Explanation

D sits at position 8 (facing outside) and F sits at position 1 (facing inside). Since position 1 is immediately adjacent to position 8 in the clockwise direction (to the right of D), there are no persons sitting between D and F when counted to the right of D.

Explanation

C sits at position 7 (middle of side, facing inside) and H sits at position 3 (middle of opposite side, facing inside). Since both face towards the center of the table directly across from each other, H faces C.

Explanation

Based on the given conditions, the birth positions in chronological order from position 1 to 10 are Q on Jan 15, O on Jan 30, L on Mar 15, M on Mar 30, R on Apr 15, T on Apr 30, P on Sep 15, U on Sep 30, N on Nov 15, and S on Nov 30. Since U was born on Sep 30 at position 8 out of 10, the persons born after U are N and S, which gives a total count of two persons.

Explanation

In the chronological ordering of birth dates, Q is at position 1, O at position 2, L at position 3, M at position 4, R at position 5, T at position 6, P at position 7, U at position 8, N at position 9, and S at position 10. Every standard pair in the list consists of two persons with exactly one person born between them in order, such as Q and L with O between them, R and P with T between them, P and N with U between them, and M and O with L between them. The combination of O at position 2 and S at position 10 has seven persons between them, which breaks this uniform pattern.

Explanation

Arranging all ten persons in chronological order yields Q on Jan 15, O on Jan 30, L on Mar 15, M on Mar 30, R on Apr 15, T on Apr 30, P on Sep 15, U on Sep 30, N on Nov 15, and S on Nov 30. T is born on Apr 30 at position 6, and N is born on Nov 15 at position 9. The persons born in the interval between T and N are P on Sep 15 and U on Sep 30, which equals two persons.

Explanation

The chronological sequence of births is Q on Jan 15, O on Jan 30, L on Mar 15, M on Mar 30, R on Apr 15, T on Apr 30, P on Sep 15, U on Sep 30, N on Nov 15, and S on Nov 30. P is placed at position 7, so there are three persons born after P, namely U, N, and S. Position 4 corresponds to M, who has exactly three persons born before them, namely Q, O, and L.

Explanation

The birth dates determined from the puzzle constraints place Q on Jan 15, O on Jan 30, L on Mar 15, M on Mar 30, R on Apr 15, T on Apr 30, P on Sep 15, U on Sep 30, N on Nov 15, and S on Nov 30. Four of the individuals, Q, L, R, and P, were all born on the 15th date of their respective months, establishing a common property. S was born on Nov 30, making it the unique element that differs in date from the rest.

Explanation

From the statement A > M > R = F ≥ Z < X < C < V > B > N, combining the terms from A to Z gives A > Z, which makes Conclusion I (A ≥ Z) invalid because the relationship is strictly greater than. Combining the terms from Z to V gives Z < X < C < V, which simplifies directly to Z < V, thereby making Conclusion II logically true.

Explanation

From the statement Z < X < C < V, we obtain Z < C and X < C. Combining Z < C with C < G from the second statement gives Z < C < G, which yields Z < G, making Conclusion I valid. Combining X < C with C < G < H ≤ J gives X < C < G < H ≤ J, which yields X < J, making Conclusion II valid.

Explanation

To evaluate Conclusion I (Q ≥ T): The path connecting Q and T in the given statement is Q ≥ W ≥ E ≥ R < T. Since opposite comparison operators (≥ and <) appear in the sequence between Q and T, no definite relationship can be established between them. Thus, Conclusion I does not follow.

To evaluate Conclusion II (R ≤ I): The path connecting R and I in the given statement is R < T < Y ≤ U ≤ I. Combining these gives the strict inequality R < I. Since R is strictly less than I, the relation R ≤ I does not hold as a definite conclusion. Thus, Conclusion II does not follow.

Explanation

From the statement A < S < D = F > G, we have A < D. Combining A < D with D < Z < X < C from the second statement yields A < D < Z < X < C, which simplifies directly to A < C, validating Conclusion I. Connecting C to G via D gives C > X > Z > D > G, which simplifies to C > G. Because the relationship is strictly greater than, Conclusion II (C ≥ G) is invalid.

Explanation

From the single chain C = V > B > N > M < S < D < F < G, evaluating the path from B to M gives B > N > M, which simplifies directly to B > M, validating Conclusion I. Evaluating the path from M to G gives M < S < D < F < G, which simplifies directly to M < G, validating Conclusion II.

Explanation

Comparing the first and third statements, the common word is "Never" and the common code is "fi". Since the word "together" does not appear in any of the given statements, its code must be a new term that does not exist in the initial set of codes. Combining "fi" with a new code gives "fi uy".

Explanation

Comparing the third statement "Never be time specific" and the fourth statement "Focus between specific hours", the only word common to both is "specific", and the only code common to both is "dg".

Explanation

Comparing the first statement "Never talk between others" and the second statement "Others should be helpful", the only common word between them is "Others", and the only code shared by both statements is "ro".

Explanation

Comparing the second statement "Others should be helpful" and the third statement "Never be time specific", the common word present in both is "be", and the common code shared between them is "el".

Explanation

Comparing the fourth statement "Focus between specific hours" with other statements reveals that "between" is coded as "nt" and "specific" is coded as "dg". Thus, "Focus" can be coded as either "hy" or "ks". Since "real" is a new word, it requires a new code not present in the given data, making both "ks ze" and "hy tr" valid possibilities.

Explanation

Arranging six persons facing north according to the conditions places them from left to right as P at position 1, D at position 2 with age 6, C at position 3, O at position 4 with age 18, B at position 5 with age 12, and N at position 6. The condition that a 36-year-old sits 3rd to the left of a 15-year-old fixes C's age at 36 years and N's age at 15 years. Since P is 3 years older than C, P's age is 36 + 3 = 39 years.

Explanation

From the linear arrangement of six persons, C sits at position 3 and has an age of 36 years, while B sits at position 5 and has an age of 12 years. The sum of the ages of C and B is 36 + 12 = 48 years.

Explanation

The seating arrangement from left to right is P, D, C, O, B, N at positions 1 through 6 respectively. Because P is at position 1 and D is at position 2, they sit adjacent to each other, meaning zero persons sit between them.

Explanation

The complete left-to-right order of the six persons is P at position 1, D at position 2, C at position 3, O at position 4, B at position 5, and N at position 6. The extreme ends of the row are occupied by P and N.

Explanation

Calculating ages in 2019 for the birth years yields 1953 (66), 1963 (56), 1968 (51), 1976 (43), 1990 (29), 1993 (26), and 1998 (21). Placing seven persons according to all age parity and relative birth order constraints determines the unique order from oldest to youngest as R (1953), U (1963), P (1968), T (1976), V (1990), Q (1993), and S (1998). Therefore, T was born in 1976.

Explanation

Calculating ages as of 2019 gives: 1953 (66), 1963 (56), 1968 (51), 1976 (43), 1990 (29), 1993 (26), 1998 (21). The given conditions uniquely determine the birth years of all seven persons: R was born in 1953 (age 66), U in 1963 (age 56), P in 1968 (age 51), T in 1976 (age 43), V in 1990 (age 29), Q in 1993 (age 26), and S in 1998 (age 21). Sum of ages of R and S = 66 + 21 = 87.

Explanation

Ages of all persons calculated with base year 2019 are: R = 2019 - 1953 = 66 U = 2019 - 1963 = 56 P = 2019 - 1968 = 51 T = 2019 - 1976 = 43 V = 2019 - 1990 = 29 Q = 2019 - 1993 = 26 S = 2019 - 1998 = 21 The oldest person is R, born in 1953.

Explanation

From the calculated ages of all individuals in the puzzle arrangement: P is 51 years old (born 1968). Q is 26 years old (born 1993). R is 66 years old (born 1953). S is 21 years old (born 1998). The combination Q-26 is the correct statement.

Explanation

U was born in 1963 and is 56 years old. The persons born after U are P (1968), T (1976), V (1990), Q (1993), and S (1998). Total number of persons younger than U is 5, which falls under the category of more than three.

Explanation

Applying the rule to 'SPLENDOR': Consonants changed to previous letter: S → R, P → O, L → K, N → M, D → C, R → Q. Vowels changed to next letter: E → F, O → P. Transformed set of letters: R, O, K, F, M, C, P, Q. Arranging in alphabetical order from left to right: C, F, K, M, O, P, Q, R. The 5th letter from the left end is O.

Explanation

Since S lives on an even-numbered floor and there is a two-floor gap between S and Y, S must be on Floor 4 and Y on Floor 1, separated by Floors 2 and 3. W lives to the west of Y, placing W in Flat-A, Floor 1, and Y in Flat-B, Floor 1.

A one-floor gap between W (Floor 1) and X places X on Floor 3. Since X and U live on the same floor, both reside on Floor 3. P lives on a floor above S, which places P on Floor 5 in Flat-A, and Q to its east in Flat-B, Floor 5.

T lives above V, positioning T in Flat-B on Floor 4 and V in Flat-B on Floor 2. With Flat-B of Floor 4 occupied by T, S occupies Flat-A of the 4th floor.

Explanation

T lives on the 4th floor (Flat-A). The floor above T's floor is the 5th floor, where P (Flat-A) and Q (Flat-B) reside. Therefore, P lives above T's floor.

Explanation

In the floor layout: Q lives in Flat-B on Floor 5. V lives in Flat-B on Floor 2. U lives in Flat-B on Floor 3. Y lives in Flat-B on Floor 1. R lives in Flat-A on Floor 2. Since Q, V, U, and Y all reside in Flat-B while R resides in Flat-A, R does not belong to the group.

Explanation

U lives on the 3rd floor (Flat-B). The floors below U's floor are the 2nd floor (where R and V live) and the 1st floor (where W and Y live). Hence, R lives below U's floor.

Explanation

The floor arrangement is as follows: Floor 5: P (Flat-A), Q (Flat-B) Floor 4: T (Flat-A), S (Flat-B) Floor 3: X (Flat-A), U (Flat-B) Floor 2: R (Flat-A), V (Flat-B) Floor 1: W (Flat-A), Y (Flat-B) V lives on the 2nd floor in Flat-B.

Explanation

Setting Point Q at coordinates (0, 0): P is 10m north of Q → P = (0, 10) R is 36m east of Q → R = (36, 0) Relative to P (0, 10), R (36, 0) has a positive x-displacement (+36m, East) and a negative y-displacement (-10m, South). Therefore, point R is in the south-east direction with respect to point P.

Explanation

Calculating the coordinates from the given directions: Q = (0, 0) P = (0, 10) R = (36, 0) D is the midpoint between Q and R → D = (18, 0) S is 5m north of R → S = (36, 5) B is west of S and north of D → B = (18, 5) C is 24m east of B → C = (42, 5) N is north of C and east of P → N = (42, 10) The distance between P (0, 10) and N (42, 10) is |42 - 0| = 42m.

Explanation

Point N is located at (42, 10) and Point S is located at (36, 5). The shortest distance d is calculated using the distance formula: d = √[(42 - 36)² + (10 - 5)²] d = √[6² + 5²] d = √[36 + 25] = √61 m.

Explanation

Original word: POLYTECH Arranging letters in alphabetical order: C, E, H, L, O, P, T, Y Replacing each vowel (E, O) with its previous letter and each consonant (C, H, L, P, T, Y) with its next letter: C (consonant) → D E (vowel) → D H (consonant) → I L (consonant) → M O (vowel) → N P (consonant) → Q T (consonant) → U Y (consonant) → Z The resulting sequence is D, D, I, M, N, Q, U, Z. Counting from the right end: 1st is Z, 2nd is U, 3rd is Q.

Explanation

For the number 163847297, we evaluate all pairs of position indices (i, j) with i < j to see if |d_j - d_i| = j - i: Digits 1 (position 1) and 3 (position 3): |3 - 1| = 3 - 1 = 2 Digits 6 (position 2) and 8 (position 4): |8 - 6| = 4 - 2 = 2 Digits 4 (position 5) and 2 (position 7): |2 - 4| = 7 - 5 = 2 Digits 7 (position 6) and 9 (position 8): |9 - 7| = 8 - 6 = 2 Thus, there are exactly four such pairs.

Explanation

Arranging the six persons around the circle facing inside gives the clockwise order N (16 years old), P (18 years old), O (17 years old), M (25 years old), Q (15 years old), and R (12 years old). Looking towards the center from M's position, the person sitting to M's immediate left is Q.

Explanation

In the circular arrangement of N, P, O, M, Q, and R in clockwise order, four of the pairs follow the pattern where the second person is positioned immediately to the right of the first person. In contrast, R is located immediately to the left of Q, making this pair the odd one out.

Explanation

In the seating arrangement clockwise from N, P sits at position 2, O sits at position 3, and M sits at position 4. Facing the center from P, moving to the left leads directly to O and then to M, so exactly one person sits between P and M.

Explanation

O is positioned at seat 3 and N is positioned at seat 1. Counting along the circle, there is 1 person (P) between them in one direction and 3 persons (M, Q, R) in the opposite direction, which contradicts the statement that two persons sit between O and N.

Explanation

Starting from P at seat 2 and moving four positions to the right facing inside: the first to the right is N (seat 1), the second is R (seat 6), the third is Q (seat 5), and the fourth is M (seat 4).