SSC CHSL Tier 1 2023 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

To find the code for the letter P, we compare the letters and digits of the two given coded words.

The word LAMP contains the letters L, A, M, and P, and is coded as 6413. The word MALE contains the letters M, A, L, and E, and is coded as 1246.

The letters common to both LAMP and MALE are L, A, and M. The digits common to both of their codes are 1, 4, and 6. This means that the set of letters {L, A, M} corresponds to the set of digits {1, 4, 6} in some order.

By removing these common letters and digits from the first word LAMP and its code 6413, the only remaining letter is P, and the only remaining digit is 3. This establishes that the code for P is 3.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in each pair follows the mathematical rule:

y = 2x - 1

where x is the first number and y is the second number.

For the first pair: 2 × 15 - 1 = 30 - 1 = 29

For the second pair: 2 × 22 - 1 = 44 - 1 = 43

Applying the same rule to 35: 2 × 35 - 1 = 70 - 1 = 69

Explanation

The numbers in each triad form an arithmetic progression where the common difference between consecutive terms is constant. This relationship can be expressed by the formula:

Second term = (First term + Third term) / 2

For the first triad, 15- 14- 13: (15 + 13) / 2 = 28 / 2 = 14

For the second triad, 17- 21- 25: (17 + 25) / 2 = 42 / 2 = 21

Applying this formula to the triad 19- 22- 25: (19 + 25) / 2 = 44 / 2 = 22

This satisfies the same mathematical relationship.

Explanation

In this mathematical puzzle, the letters A, B, C, and D represent division (÷), multiplication (×), addition (+), and subtraction (-) respectively.

Substituting these operators into the expression: 3 × 26 + 15 - 36 ÷ 3

Applying the BODMAS rule, we first perform the division: 36 ÷ 3 = 12

This reduces the expression to: 3 × 26 + 15 - 12

Next, we perform the multiplication: 3 × 26 = 78

This reduces the expression to: 78 + 15 - 12

Finally, we perform the addition and subtraction: 93 - 12 = 81

Explanation

The relationship between the letter groups is established by shifting each letter backward by 3 positions in the English alphabetical order.

Applying this -3 shift to the letters of the first pair: H - 3 = E F - 3 = C I - 3 = F J - 3 = G

Applying the same pattern to the second pair: W - 3 = T U - 3 = R X - 3 = U Y - 3 = V

Using this same logic for NLOP: N - 3 = K L - 3 = I O - 3 = L P - 3 = M

This gives the combination KILM.

Explanation

Each letter in the first letter-cluster is shifted forward by 10 positions in the alphabetical order to obtain the corresponding letter in the second letter-cluster.

In the first pair DAC : NKM: D (4) + 10 = N (14) A (1) + 10 = K (11) C (3) + 10 = M (13)

In the second pair PNM : ZXW: P (16) + 10 = Z (26) N (14) + 10 = X (24) M (13) + 10 = W (23)

Applying this same logic to the correct pair GJM : QTW: G (7) + 10 = Q (17) J (10) + 10 = T (20) M (13) + 10 = W (23)

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in each given pair follows the pattern where the second number is obtained by multiplying the first number by 5 and then adding 5 to the result.

For the first pair, 12:65: 12 × 5 + 5 = 60 + 5 = 65

For the second pair, 13:70: 13 × 5 + 5 = 65 + 5 = 70

Applying this same mathematical relationship to the first number in the correct pair: 15 × 5 + 5 = 75 + 5 = 80

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where each term is multiplied by a consecutive integer starting from 2, and then a corresponding even number is added to the result.

The relationship between consecutive terms is defined as: T_n = T_n-1 × n + 2n, where n represents the step number starting from 2.

Applying this pattern: First step (n = 2): 48 × 2 + 4 = 100 Second step (n = 3): 100 × 3 + 6 = 306 Third step (n = 4): 306 × 4 + 8 = 1232 Fourth step (n = 5): 1232 × 5 + 10 = 6170

Explanation

Combining the statement Some mangoes are oranges and All oranges are kiwis establishes a relationship between mangoes and kiwis. Since all oranges are a subset of kiwis, the mangoes that are oranges must also be kiwis, meaning some mangoes are kiwis. This conversely means that some kiwis are mangoes, which makes conclusion (I) valid.

For conclusion (II), the statement Some kiwis are guavas combined with All oranges are kiwis does not provide any definite connection between guavas and oranges, as the set of guavas may overlap with kiwis without overlapping with the subset of oranges. Therefore, conclusion (II) does not follow, making only conclusion (I) correct.

Explanation

The relation between the first number x and the second number y in each pair is defined by the formula y = x × (x - 4).

Applying this formula to the number pairs: For the pair 6 : 12, we have 6 × (6 - 4) = 6 × 2 = 12. For the pair 10 : 60, we have 10 × (10 - 4) = 10 × 6 = 60. For the pair 7 : 21, we have 7 × (7 - 4) = 7 × 3 = 21.

For the pair 8 : 40, applying the formula gives 8 × (8 - 4) = 8 × 4 = 32, which does not equal 40. Therefore, this pair does not follow the same logic as the others.

Explanation

To find the day of the week on 15 July 1973, we first calculate the day of the week on 11 October 1973 using the number of odd days.

The number of years between 11 October 1965 and 11 October 1973 is 8 years. Within this period, the leap years are 1968 and 1972, making 2 leap years and 6 ordinary years.

Total odd days = (6 × 1) + (2 × 2) = 10 odd days. 10 odd days mod 7 = 3 odd days.

Since 11 October 1965 is Monday, adding 3 odd days gives Thursday for 11 October 1973.

Now, count the number of days backward from 11 October 1973 to 15 July 1973: October: 11 days (from 11th to 1st) September: 30 days August: 31 days July: 16 days (from 31st to 16th)

Total backward days = 11 + 30 + 31 + 16 = 88 days. 88 mod 7 = 4 odd days.

Subtracting 4 days from Thursday (Thursday - 4 days) gives Sunday.

Explanation

The relationship between the words in the given pair is that of product to raw material, where cheese is a food product made from milk. Similarly, wine is an alcoholic beverage made by fermenting grapes, which serve as its primary raw material.

Explanation

The position of letters in the English alphabet for the group EGJ is E = 5, G = 7, and J = 10. This gives numerical differences of +2 and +3 between consecutive letters. The other three groups follow a consistent pattern of +2 and +4 positional differences between their consecutive letters, making EGJ the odd one out.

Explanation

From the expression D × E - F + G + H, the relationship can be decoded step-by-step:

D × E indicates that D is the father of E.

E - F indicates that E is the husband of F. Thus, E is male and F is female, forming a married couple.

F + G indicates that F is the mother of G. Since E is the husband of F, E is the father of G.

G + H indicates that G is the sister of H. Since G and H are siblings, and E is the father of G, E is also the father of H.

Since D is the father of E, and E is the father of H, D is the father of H's father.

Explanation

Correct Answer: D

To find the relationship between D and L in the expression L / C + D × P, we decode the relation step-by-step:

L / C indicates that L is the wife of C, which means C is the husband (male) and L is the wife (female).

C + D indicates that C is the father of D.

D × P indicates that D is the husband of P, which means D is male.

Since C is the father of D and L is the wife of C, L is the mother of D. Given that D is male, D is the son of L.

Explanation

The given series can be divided into four groups of four letters each:

Group 1: F L G [H] Group 2: K [J] M P Group 3: H [M] R U Group 4: F P [W] [Z]

By converting the letters to their numerical positions in the alphabet (A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26), we can analyze the pattern of the letters at each corresponding position across the four groups:

First letters: F (6) → K (11) → H (8) → F (6) Pattern: 6 + 5 = 11, 11 - 3 = 8, 8 - 2 = 6

Second letters: L (12) → J (10) → M (13) → P (16) Pattern: 12 - 2 = 10, 10 + 3 = 13, 13 + 3 = 16 (the transition difference stabilizes at +3)

Third letters: G (7) → M (13) → R (18) → W (23) Pattern: 7 + 6 = 13, 13 + 5 = 18, 18 + 5 = 23 (the transition difference stabilizes at +5)

Fourth letters: H (8) → P (16) → U (21) → Z (26) Pattern: 8 + 8 = 16, 16 + 5 = 21, 21 + 5 = 26 (the transition difference stabilizes at +5)

Placing the letters H, J, M, and W sequentially into the blanks completes this logical pattern.

Explanation

The number of odd days between 12 January 2004 and 26 February 2011 can be calculated in two steps.

First, find the odd days from 12 January 2004 to 12 January 2011. The number of years is 7. Within this period, there are 2 leap years (2004 and 2008) because 12 January 2004 is before 29 February 2004. Since an ordinary year has 1 odd day and a leap year has 2 odd days, the total odd days from the years is 7 + 2 = 9 odd days, which simplifies to 2 odd days (9 mod 7).

Second, find the odd days from 12 January 2011 to 26 February 2011. The remaining days in January are 19 (31 - 12) and there are 26 days in February. The total number of days is 19 + 26 = 45 days, which gives 3 odd days (45 mod 7).

Adding these together, the total number of odd days is 2 + 3 = 5 odd days.

Starting from Monday, adding 5 odd days results in Saturday.

Explanation

The terms of the series follow the pattern of n² - 1, where n decreases by 1 for each successive term:

6² - 1 = 35 5² - 1 = 24 4² - 1 = 15 3² - 1 = 8 2² - 1 = 3 1² - 1 = 0

Alternatively, the difference between consecutive terms decreases by successive odd numbers:

35 - 11 = 24 24 - 9 = 15 15 - 7 = 8 8 - 5 = 3 3 - 3 = 0

Explanation

To solve the given equation, the operators are interchanged as follows: ÷ is interchanged with ×

• is interchanged with -

Applying these changes to the original expression: 13 ÷ 145 × 29 - 79 + 17

The modified expression becomes: 13 × 145 ÷ 29 + 79 - 17

Applying the BODMAS rule: First, perform the division: 145 ÷ 29 = 5

Next, perform the multiplication: 13 × 5 = 65

Now, perform the addition and subtraction: 65 + 79 - 17 = 144 - 17 = 127

Explanation

The given series can be divided into four groups of four letters each. Note that the letter L in the question is a typographical representation of the capital letter I.

Replacing L with I, the series becomes: G _ K M I M G K _ G I M _ I K _

Each group of four letters contains a permutation of the set of four letters {G, I, K, M}:

Group 1: G I K M Group 2: I M G K Group 3: K G I M Group 4: M I K G

Placing the letters I, K, M, and G sequentially in the blanks completes this pattern. Therefore, the required combination of letters is IKMG.

Explanation

The relationship between the first number x and the second number y in each pair is defined by the formula y = x³ - 7.

Applying this formula to the given sets: For (7, 336): 7³ - 7 = 343 - 7 = 336 For (9, 722): 9³ - 7 = 729 - 7 = 722

Applying the same mathematical operation to the correct option: For (4, 57): 4³ - 7 = 64 - 7 = 57

Explanation

Analyzing the statements shows that while daisies overlap with both lilies and tulips, there is no information linking lilies and tulips directly. It is possible for the set of lilies and the set of tulips to be completely disjoint, meaning conclusion (I) does not logically follow.

Similarly, all roses are contained within the set of lilies, and some daisies are lilies. However, there is no specified relationship between roses and daisies, meaning they also may not overlap. Thus, conclusion (II) does not logically follow.

Since both conclusions fail to necessarily follow from the given premises, neither conclusion (I) nor (II) follows.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in each pair follows the mathematical formula: y = x⁴ - 1001

Applying this formula to the first pair: 6⁴ - 1001 = 1296 - 1001 = 295

Applying this formula to the second pair: 7⁴ - 1001 = 2401 - 1001 = 1400

Applying the same formula to the third pair: 8⁴ - 1001 = 4096 - 1001 = 3095

Explanation

To find the number of letters whose positions remain unchanged, write down the letters of the word NEUTRAL in their original sequence and then in alphabetical order.

Original word: N E U T R A L

Alphabetical arrangement: A E L N R T U

Comparing the two sequences position by position: The first letters are N and A (changed). The second letters are E and E (unchanged). The third letters are U and L (changed). The fourth letters are T and N (changed). The fifth letters are R and R (unchanged). The sixth letters are A and T (changed). The seventh letters are L and U (changed).

Only the letters E and R remain in the same positions as in the original word, giving a total of two unchanged positions.

Explanation

Replacing the letter operators with their respective mathematical symbols gives the following expression:

139 + 3 × 11 - 57 ÷ 19

According to the BODMAS rule, the operations are performed in the order of Division, Multiplication, Addition, and Subtraction.

First, perform the division: 57 ÷ 19 = 3

Next, perform the multiplication: 3 × 11 = 33

Substitute these results back into the expression: 139 + 33 - 3

Finally, perform the addition and subtraction: 172 - 3 = 169

Explanation

Correct Answer: D

To find the code for the word 'black', we can analyze its occurrence across the given statements:

The word 'black' only appears in the first statement: 'blue black green grey pink' which is coded as 'mat fat tat hat gat'.

Since 'black' is unique to the first statement, its corresponding code must also be unique to the codes of the first statement: 'tat' also appears in the fourth statement. 'fat' and 'gat' also appear in the second and third statements. 'hat' also appears in the second statement. 'mat' is the only code in the first statement that does not appear in any of the other statements.

Thus, the word 'black' is coded as 'mat'.

Explanation

Substituting the operators into the equation 37 A 28 B 6 C 322 D 23 according to the given instructions:

37 + 28 × 6 - 322 ÷ 23

Applying the BODMAS rule:

First, perform the division: 322 ÷ 23 = 14

Next, perform the multiplication: 28 × 6 = 168

Finally, perform the addition and subtraction: 37 + 168 - 14 = 205 - 14 = 191

Explanation

Correct Answer: C

The given series is: 17, 18, 20, ?, 27, 32

By calculating the difference between consecutive terms, we find: 18 - 17 = 1 20 - 18 = 2

Following this pattern of increasing the difference by 1 for each subsequent term, the next differences should be 3, 4, and 5.

Adding 3 to the third term: 20 + 3 = 23

We can verify this with the remaining terms in the sequence: 23 + 4 = 27 27 + 5 = 32

Both calculations match the given terms in the series, confirming that the missing number is 23.

Explanation

The letters of the original word DIALECT are written in order as: D I A L E C T

When these letters are arranged in alphabetical order, the sequence becomes: A C D E I L T

Comparing the original word with the alphabetically sorted sequence, only the letter T at the seventh position remains in its original place. All other letters change their positions. Therefore, the position of only one letter remains unchanged.

Explanation

By comparing the letters in the words and their corresponding code digits, we can determine the code for each letter:

In PELI (coded as 8257), the letters are P, E, L, and I. In TAPE (coded as 5712), the letters are T, A, P, and E.

The common letters between PELI and TAPE are P and E. The common digits between their codes 8257 and 5712 are 2, 5, and 7. Thus, the letters P and E correspond to two of these digits (5 and 7).

This leaves the letters L and I in PELI to correspond to the remaining digits 8 and 2. Since 8 is unique to the code of PELI and does not appear in the code of TAPE, the letter L, which is also unique to PELI, corresponds to the digit 8.

Explanation

To find the relationship, the statement can be broken down step-by-step from the end:

First, Gaurav refers to my wife.

Second, the husband of my wife refers to Gaurav himself, as he is the husband of his own wife.

Finally, the sister of the husband of my wife translates to the sister of Gaurav.

Therefore, the woman is Gaurav's sister.

Explanation

In the given expression K + L × M - N ÷ O:

K + L means K is the mother of L. This implies L is the daughter of K.

L × M means L is the wife of M. This implies M is the husband of L.

Combining these relations, since L is the daughter of K and M is the husband of L, M is the daughter's husband of K.

Explanation

The relationship between the letters is based on opposite pairs in the English alphabetical order, where the sum of the positions of the opposite letters is always 27.

For the word ITZB, we find the opposite of each letter: I (9th letter) maps to R (18th letter, as 9 + 18 = 27) T (20th letter) maps to G (7th letter, as 20 + 7 = 27) Z (26th letter) maps to A (1st letter, as 26 + 1 = 27) B (2nd letter) maps to Y (25th letter, as 2 + 25 = 27)

Thus, ITZB is related to RGAY.

Explanation

The given series is 361, 306, ?, 208, 165, 126.

Analyzing the differences between consecutive terms: 361 - 306 = 55 208 - 165 = 43 165 - 126 = 39

The differences between consecutive terms decrease by 4 at each step: 55 - 4 = 51 51 - 4 = 47 47 - 4 = 43 43 - 4 = 39

Applying this pattern to find the missing term: 306 - 51 = 255

Verifying with the next term in the series: 255 - 47 = 208

This confirms that the missing number is 255.

Explanation

The pattern shared by the alike pairs is: Second number = (First number × 2) + 11

Applying this to the other pairs: 63 × 2 + 11 = 137 70 × 2 + 11 = 151 34 × 2 + 11 = 79

For the pair 47: 83, the calculation yields 47 × 2 + 11 = 105, which is different from 83. Thus, this pair does not follow the pattern.

Explanation

Each term in the series is obtained by shifting the letters of the previous term backward by a fixed number of positions in the English alphabet.

For the first letter, the positions decrease by 3: S (19) - 3 = P (16) P (16) - 3 = M (13) M (13) - 3 = J (10) J (10) - 3 = G (7)

For the second letter, the positions decrease by 4: L (12) - 4 = H (8) H (8) - 4 = D (4) D (4) - 4 = Z (26) Z (26) - 4 = V (22)

For the third letter, the positions decrease by 3: Z (26) - 3 = W (23) W (23) - 3 = T (20) T (20) - 3 = Q (17) Q (17) - 3 = N (14)

Combining these letters yields the term MDT.

Explanation

The relationship between the letter-clusters in the given pairs is established by adding 5 to the alphabetical position of each letter in the first cluster to obtain the corresponding letter in the second cluster.

For the first pair, CGJ : HLO: C (3) + 5 = H (8) G (7) + 5 = L (12) J (10) + 5 = O (15)

For the second pair, KPS : PUX: K (11) + 5 = P (16) P (16) + 5 = U (21) S (19) + 5 = X (24)

Applying this identical pattern of adding 5 to each letter's alphabetical position for the pair FKL : KPQ: F (6) + 5 = K (11) K (11) + 5 = P (16) L (12) + 5 = Q (17)

Explanation

The letter group LNP has alphabetical positional values of L = 12, N = 14, and P = 16. The differences between consecutive letters are +2 and +2. This does not conform to the pattern of +1 and +3 exhibited by the other three groups.

Explanation

The series follows a consistent alphabetical progression for each of the three positions in the letter groups:

The first letter of each group increases by two positions in alphabetical order: A → C (+2), C → E (+2), E → G (+2). Following this pattern, the next letter is G + 2 = I.

The second letter of each group also increases by two positions in alphabetical order: B → D (+2), D → F (+2), F → H (+2). Following this pattern, the next letter is H + 2 = J.

The third letter of each group decreases by two positions in alphabetical order: Z → X (-2), X → V (-2), V → T (-2). Following this pattern, the next letter is T - 2 = R.

Combining these letters yields the term IJR.

Explanation

The given series consists of terms with three components: a first letter, a middle number, and a last letter.

For the first letter, the sequence follows alphabetical order increasing by one position: S (+1) → T (+1) → U (+1) → V (+1) → W. Thus, the first letter is U.

For the last letter, the sequence increases by two alphabetical positions: H (+2) → J (+2) → L (+2) → N (+2) → P. Thus, the last letter is L.

For the middle number, the sequence alternates between subtracting three and multiplying by two: 16 - 3 = 13 13 × 2 = 26 26 - 3 = 23 23 × 2 = 46 Thus, the middle number is 26.

Combining these components yields the complete term U 26 L.

Explanation

The relationship between the three numbers (a : b : c) in the standard triads is given by the formulas: b = a × 3.5 c = a × 2.5

For the triad 96:336:192: a = 96 b = 96 × 3.5 = 336 c = 96 × 2.5 = 240

Since the third number in this triad is 192 instead of 240, this triad does not follow the established rule.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in each set (a, b, c) follows the mathematical logic: a² + b² = c

For the first given set (9, 3, 90): 9² + 3² = 81 + 9 = 90

For the second given set (5, 4, 41): 5² + 4² = 25 + 16 = 41

Applying this same logic to the numbers in the correct set (13, 7, 218): 13² + 7² = 169 + 49 = 218

Explanation

To find the code for the word later, compare the two given sentences: First sentence: will come back later is coded as nk zs kp rq. Second sentence: later he won it is coded as pj st mk kp.

The only word that appears in both sentences is later. Correspondingly, the only code that appears in both coded sequences is kp. Thus, the word later is represented by the code kp.

Explanation

Substituting the correct mathematical operators for the letters, where A stands for ÷, B stands for ×, C stands for +, and D stands for -:

426 ÷ 3 - 12 + 105 × 1

Applying the BODMAS rule, we perform division first: 426 ÷ 3 = 142

Next, perform multiplication: 105 × 1 = 105

Now, perform addition and subtraction from left to right: 142 - 12 + 105 = 130 + 105 = 235

Explanation

To solve the equation, the mathematical operators - and + are interchanged, and the operators × and ÷ are interchanged.

Applying these interchanges to the original expression: 143 - 28 × 4 ÷ 5 + 22

The expression becomes: 143 + 28 ÷ 4 × 5 - 22

According to the BODMAS rule, division and multiplication are performed first from left to right, followed by addition and subtraction:

First, divide 28 by 4: 28 ÷ 4 = 7

The expression is now: 143 + 7 × 5 - 22

Next, multiply 7 by 5: 7 × 5 = 35

The expression is now: 143 + 35 - 22

Next, add 143 and 35: 143 + 35 = 178

Finally, subtract 22 from 178: 178 - 22 = 156

Explanation

The relationship between the words in the given pair Blaze and Eruption is that of synonyms, as both words refer to a sudden, intense flare-up or outbreak. Similarly, the pair Bony and Haggard shares the same synonymous relationship, where both words are used to describe a physical appearance that is extremely thin, gaunt, or skeletal.

Explanation

In the standard alphabetical sequence where A = 1, B = 2, and so on, the groups are formed by subtracting 2 from the numerical position of the first letter to obtain the second letter, and then adding 4 to the position of the second letter to obtain the third letter. For the letters E, J, and N, the corresponding numerical positions are 5, 10, and 14. This represents an addition of 5 followed by an addition of 4, which does not conform to the subtraction of 2 followed by the addition of 4 pattern.

Explanation

The relation between the first number x and the second number y in each pair is defined by the formula y = x² - 7.

Applying this logic to the given pairs: For the first pair 9, 74: 9² - 7 = 81 - 7 = 74 For the second pair 5, 18: 5² - 7 = 25 - 7 = 18

Applying the same mathematical operation to the first number in the pair 13, 162: For 13: 13² - 7 = 169 - 7 = 162

Explanation

To determine which conclusions follow, we can analyze the relationships between the categories.

The statements establish that all bats are racquets, and no stick is a racquet. This means the set of bats is entirely inside the set of racquets, while the set of sticks is completely disjoint from the set of racquets. Consequently, no stick can be a bat, which makes conclusion I false.

The statement that some hookeys are bats means there is an intersection between hookeys and bats. Since all bats are racquets, this intersecting part of hookeys is also inside the racquets. However, we cannot conclude that all hookeys are racquets because there may be hookeys that are neither bats nor racquets. Thus, conclusion III does not definitely follow.

Since the only restriction on sticks is that they cannot overlap with racquets, there is no restriction preventing sticks from overlapping with the part of hookeys that lies outside the racquet set. This makes the scenario where some sticks are hookeys entirely possible. Therefore, conclusion II, which states this as a possibility, is logically correct and follows from the statements. Only conclusion II follows.

Explanation

Substituting the operators represented by the letters into the equation, where A represents ÷, B represents ×, C represents +, and D represents -:

30 × 5 + 246 ÷ 6 - 17

Following the BODMAS rule, division is performed first: 246 ÷ 6 = 41

Next, multiplication is performed: 30 × 5 = 150

Now, substitute these values back into the equation: 150 + 41 - 17

Finally, perform the addition and subtraction: 191 - 17 = 174