SSC CHSL Tier 1 2021 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The differences between the consecutive terms of the given series are calculated as follows: 12 - 9 = 3 21 - 12 = 9 36 - 21 = 15 57 - 36 = 21 84 - 57 = 27

The differences are 3, 9, 15, 21, and 27. The difference between these successive differences is a constant value of 6 (9 - 3 = 6, 15 - 9 = 6, 21 - 15 = 6, and 27 - 21 = 6).

Following this constant difference pattern, the next difference in the series must be 27 + 6 = 33.

Adding this value to the last term of the series yields 84 + 33 = 117.

Explanation

The coding pattern rearranges the letters of the four-letter word based on their original positions. If we assign positions 1, 2, 3, and 4 to the letters of the original word, the rearranged letters follow the position sequence 1-3-4-2.

For the word SUIT (where S is 1, U is 2, I is 3, and T is 4), the code SITU represents the positions 1-3-4-2.

For the word CUTE (where C is 1, U is 2, T is 3, and E is 4), the code CTEU represents the positions 1-3-4-2.

Applying the same 1-3-4-2 positional rearrangement to the word WASH (where W is 1, A is 2, S is 3, and H is 4) places W first (1), S second (3), H third (4), and A last (2), which yields WSHA.

Explanation

Replacing the asterisks with the signs from option C in sequence, where the third operator represents division (÷):

79 × 2 - 58 ÷ 2 + 14 = 143

Following the BODMAS rule, first perform the division: 58 ÷ 2 = 29

Next, perform the multiplication: 79 × 2 = 158

Substitute these values back into the equation: 158 - 29 + 14 = 143

Finally, perform the addition and subtraction from left to right: 129 + 14 = 143

This balances the equation as both sides equal 143.

Explanation

The pattern of the series is determined by tracking the alphabetical shift for each letter position:

For the first letter, the position decreases by 1 in alphabetical order: A (-1) → Z (-1) → Y (-1) → X (-1) → W.

For the second letter, the position increases by 1 in alphabetical order: X (+1) → Y (+1) → Z (+1) → A (+1) → B.

For the third letter, the position increases by 1 in alphabetical order: U (+1) → V (+1) → W (+1) → X (+1) → Y.

For the fourth letter, the position decreases by 1 in alphabetical order: V (-1) → U (-1) → T (-1) → S (-1) → R.

Applying these operations to the first cluster AXUV results in the missing cluster ZYVU.

Explanation

The pattern followed is that the second number is obtained by multiplying the sum of the digits of the first number by 4.

For the first pair 7689:120, the sum of the digits of 7689 is 7 + 6 + 8 + 9 = 30. Multiplying this sum by 4 gives 30 × 4 = 120.

For the second pair 6178:88, the sum of the digits of 6178 is 6 + 1 + 7 + 8 = 22. Multiplying this sum by 4 gives 22 × 4 = 88.

Applying the same logic to the third pair 3284:?, the sum of the digits of 3284 is 3 + 2 + 8 + 4 = 17. Multiplying this sum by 4 gives 17 × 4 = 68.

Explanation

The correct option is D. When the letters "o, b, r, p, r, p" are sequentially placed in the blanks of the series, they complete a repeating pattern of shifting letters (such as "p o r b o p / o r b o p o / r b o p o r ...").

Explanation

In the given number pairs, the second number is obtained by adding the individual digits of the first number. For the pair 2834:18, the sum of the digits of the first number is 2 + 8 + 3 + 4 = 17, which is not equal to 18. This makes it the odd pair.

Explanation

The logic followed in the rows of the matrix is: (First number ÷ 2) + (Second number ÷ 3) = Third number

Applying this relationship to each row:

First row: (32 ÷ 2) + (51 ÷ 3) = 16 + 17 = 33

Second row: (28 ÷ 2) + (33 ÷ 3) = 14 + 11 = 25

Third row: (16 ÷ 2) + (27 ÷ 3) = 8 + 9 = 17

Explanation

To arrange the words in alphabetical order as they would appear in an English dictionary, we compare them letter by letter from left to right.

All five words start with the letter H. Comparing the second letters, the order of these letters is a, i, u, and y. This gives: Hallucinate (5) with second letter a as the first word.

Next, comparing the two words starting with Hi, which are Highlight (4) and Hilarious (2), we look at their third letters, which are g and l respectively. Since g comes before l, Highlight (4) precedes Hilarious (2).

Finally, comparing the remaining words, Humidity (3) with the second letter u comes before Hypocrisy (1) with the second letter y.

This gives the sequence 5, 4, 2, 3, 1.

Explanation

The coding pattern divides the six-letter word into three pairs of letters:

For the first pair (1st and 2nd letters), the positions of the letters are swapped. In ABROAD, AB becomes BA. In BEFORE, BE becomes EB. For COUPLE, CO becomes OC.

For the second pair (3rd and 4th letters), each letter is replaced by its opposite letter in the English alphabet, where the sum of their positional values is 27. In ABROAD, R (18) and O (15) are replaced by I (9) and L (12). In BEFORE, F (6) and O (15) are replaced by U (21) and L (12). For COUPLE, U (21) and P (16) are replaced by F (6) and K (11).

For the third pair (5th and 6th letters), the positions of the letters are swapped. In ABROAD, AD becomes DA. In BEFORE, RE becomes ER. For COUPLE, LE becomes EL.

Combining these parts for COUPLE yields OCFKEL.

Explanation

The time interval between 28 February 2015 and 28 February 2021 is exactly 6 years.

An ordinary year has 365 days, which equals 52 weeks and 1 odd day. A leap year has 366 days, which equals 52 weeks and 2 odd days.

Among the years from 28 February 2015 to 28 February 2021, the leap years that include the extra day of 29 February are 2016 and 2020.

Therefore, we have: Number of leap years = 2 (2016 and 2020), which contribute 2 × 2 = 4 odd days. Number of ordinary years = 4 (2017, 2018, 2019, and 2021), which contribute 4 × 1 = 4 odd days.

Total odd days = 4 + 4 = 8 odd days.

Dividing 8 by 7 to find the remainder: 8 mod 7 = 1 odd day.

Since 28 February 2015 was a Saturday, we add 1 odd day to Saturday, which gives Sunday.

Explanation

The logic followed in the number pairs is that the second number is obtained by multiplying the first number by 3 and then adding 5 to the result.

For the first pair: 9 × 3 + 5 = 27 + 5 = 32

For the second pair: 17 × 3 + 5 = 51 + 5 = 56

Applying the same mathematical relation to the fifth number: 15 × 3 + 5 = 45 + 5 = 50

Explanation

Replacing the asterisks with the operators division, addition, multiplication, subtraction, addition, and equals (represented in option B) gives:

78 ÷ 3 + 12 × 5 - 59 + 17 = 44

Using BODMAS rules, we evaluate the left-hand side:

First, perform the division: 78 ÷ 3 = 26

Next, perform the multiplication: 12 × 5 = 60

Now, perform the remaining additions and subtraction from left to right: 26 + 60 - 59 + 17 = 86 - 59 + 17 = 27 + 17 = 44

Since both sides are equal to 44, the equation is balanced.

Explanation

The given series is analyzed by calculating the differences between consecutive terms: 17 - 12 = 5 29 - 17 = 12 55 - 29 = 26 102 - 55 = 47 177 - 102 = 75

The first-level differences are 5, 12, 26, 47, and 75.

Now, find the second-level differences by subtracting consecutive first-level differences: 12 - 5 = 7 26 - 12 = 14 47 - 26 = 21 75 - 47 = 28

The second-level differences are 7, 14, 21, and 28, which are consecutive multiples of 7. Following this pattern, the next second-level difference must be 35 (7 × 5 = 35).

Using this, the next first-level difference is: 75 + 35 = 110

Adding this difference to the last term of the series yields the missing number: 177 + 110 = 287

Explanation

The pattern in the series is based on alternating operations of multiplication and subtraction with consecutive integers starting from 2.

The transition from 17 to 34 is achieved by multiplying by 2 (17 × 2 = 34). The transition from 34 to 31 is achieved by subtracting 3 (34 - 3 = 31). Following this sequence, the next transition requires multiplying by 4, which yields 31 × 4 = 124.

This pattern is verified by the subsequent terms: subtracting 5 from 124 gives 119 (124 - 5 = 119), and multiplying 119 by 6 gives 714 (119 × 6 = 714).

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in each row follows the pattern: (First number)³ + (Second number)² = Third number

Applying this logic to the first row: 2³ + 3² = 8 + 9 = 17

Applying this logic to the second row: 4³ + 6² = 64 + 36 = 100

Applying the same logic to the third row: 5³ + 2² = 125 + 4 = 129

Explanation

The letter series follows a specific decreasing pattern for each of the four positions in the consecutive clusters. For the first letter, the positional values decrease by 1: O (15) minus 1 is N (14), N (14) minus 1 is M (13), and M (13) minus 1 is L (12). For the second letter, the values decrease by 2: H (8) minus 2 is F (6), F (6) minus 2 is D (4), and D (4) minus 2 is B (2). For the third letter, the values decrease by 3: V (22) minus 3 is S (19), S (19) minus 3 is P (16), and P (16) minus 3 is M (13). For the fourth letter, the values decrease by 4: Y (25) minus 4 is U (21), U (21) minus 4 is Q (17), and Q (17) minus 4 is M (13). Putting the derived letters together gives LBMM.

Explanation

The logic followed in the given number pairs is that the second number is obtained by multiplying the first number by half of itself plus one.

Second number = First number × (First number ÷ 2 + 1)

Applying this to the first pair: 14 × (14 ÷ 2 + 1) = 14 × 8 = 112

Applying this to the second pair: 24 × (24 ÷ 2 + 1) = 24 × 13 = 312

Applying this to the third pair: 18 × (18 ÷ 2 + 1) = 18 × 10 = 180

Explanation

The series follows an alternating addition and subtraction pattern where the magnitude of the difference increases by 5 in each step.

The differences between consecutive terms are calculated as follows:

First difference: 226 - 215 = +11 Second difference: 210 - 226 = -16

The absolute values of the differences are 11 and 16, which increase by 5. Following this pattern, the next absolute differences must be 21, 26, and 31, with alternating signs.

Third difference: +21 Fourth difference: -26 Fifth difference: +31

Applying the third difference to the third term: 210 + 21 = 231

We can verify the pattern with the subsequent terms: 231 - 26 = 205 205 + 31 = 236

This perfectly matches the remaining terms of the series, confirming that the missing number is 231.

Explanation

The given number series follows an alternating pattern of multiplication and addition with decreasing integers:

First term × 6 = Second term 21 × 6 = 126

Second term + 5 = Third term 126 + 5 = 131

Third term × 4 = Fourth term 131 × 4 = 524

Fourth term + 3 = Fifth term 524 + 3 = 527

Fifth term × 2 = Sixth term 527 × 2 = 1054

The missing number in the series is 524.

Explanation

Each letter in the word is coded by adding 1 to its positional value in the English alphabetical order (where A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26).

For the word VIDHI, the alphabetical positions of the letters are: V = 22, and 22 + 1 = 23 I = 9, and 9 + 1 = 10 D = 4, and 4 + 1 = 5 H = 8, and 8 + 1 = 9 I = 9, and 9 + 1 = 10

Combining these numbers in sequence yields 23105910.

Explanation

The coding scheme follows an alternating pattern of adding 2 and subtracting 2 from the alphabetical position of each letter.

Applying this pattern to the word SCALE: S + 2 = U C - 2 = A A + 2 = C L - 2 = J E + 2 = G This results in the code UACJG.

Applying the same pattern to the word LIGHT: L + 2 = N I - 2 = G G + 2 = I H - 2 = F T + 2 = V This results in the code NGIFV.

Following the same logic for the word LIMIT: L + 2 = N I - 2 = G M + 2 = O I - 2 = G T + 2 = V

This yields the coded word NGOGV.

Explanation

Each letter-cluster in the series is formed by subtracting 2 from the alphabetical position of the corresponding letter in the previous cluster.

For the first letter of each cluster, the sequence is V (22) → T (20) → R (18) → P (16). Subtracting 2 from 16 gives 14, which is N.

For the second letter of each cluster, the sequence is Y (25) → W (23) → U (21) → S (19). Subtracting 2 from 19 gives 17, which is Q.

For the third letter of each cluster, the sequence is U (21) → S (19) → Q (17) → O (15). Subtracting 2 from 15 gives 13, which is M.

Combining these results gives the next cluster in the series.

Explanation

According to the first statement, all jacks are aces, which means the category of jacks lies entirely inside the category of aces. The second statement states that no ace is a king, meaning there is no overlap between the category of aces and the category of kings. Since all jacks are inside the category of aces, and aces have no intersection with kings, it is impossible for any jack to be a king. Therefore, the conclusion that no jack is a king is logically certain and definitely follows.

Explanation

The coding pattern follows an alternating sequence of +1 and -1 applied to the alphabetical positions of the letters in the word.

For the word FRIEND: F + 1 = G R - 1 = Q I + 1 = J E - 1 = D N + 1 = O D - 1 = C This yields the code GQJDOC.

For the word READER: R + 1 = S E - 1 = D A + 1 = B D - 1 = C E + 1 = F R - 1 = Q This yields the code SDBCFQ.

Applying this same alternating +1, -1, +1, -1, +1, -1 pattern to the word NUMBER: N + 1 = O U - 1 = T M + 1 = N B - 1 = A E + 1 = F R - 1 = Q

This results in the coded word OTNAFQ.

Explanation

To find the day of the week on 28th September 2019 starting from 29th September 2015, we first determine the day on 29th September 2019. The time elapsed between these two dates is exactly 4 years.

An ordinary year of 365 days has 1 odd day (365 ÷ 7 leaves a remainder of 1), while a leap year of 366 days has 2 odd days (366 ÷ 7 leaves a remainder of 2).

Calculating the odd days year by year: From 29th September 2015 to 29th September 2016 includes 29th February 2016, which is a leap year, giving 2 odd days. From 29th September 2016 to 29th September 2017 is an ordinary year, giving 1 odd day. From 29th September 2017 to 29th September 2018 is an ordinary year, giving 1 odd day. From 29th September 2018 to 29th September 2019 is an ordinary year, giving 1 odd day.

Summing these up gives 2 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 5 odd days.

Adding 5 days to Tuesday (Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday) means 29th September 2019 was a Sunday.

Since 28th September 2019 is one day prior to 29th September 2019, the day of the week was Saturday.

Explanation

Substitute the given operators with their respective mathematical symbols: L represents + J represents × K represents − I represents ÷

Replacing the letters in the expression: 19 + (22 × 4) − (66 ÷ 11) + (16 × 2)

Apply the BODMAS rule to solve the expression by first evaluating the terms inside the parentheses: 22 × 4 = 88 66 ÷ 11 = 6 16 × 2 = 32

Substitute these values back into the expression: 19 + 88 − 6 + 32

Now perform the addition and subtraction from left to right: 107 − 6 + 32 = 101 + 32 = 133

Explanation

The relationship between the terms follows the pattern where the second number in each pair is obtained by multiplying the first number by 7 and then adding 3.

For the first pair, we have: 171 = (24 × 7) + 3

For the third pair, we have: 31 = (4 × 7) + 3

Applying this same logic to find the missing third term x in the second pair: 115 = (x × 7) + 3 x × 7 = 115 - 3 x × 7 = 112 x = 112 ÷ 7 x = 16

Explanation

The letter-clusters in the given series follow a specific position-based logical pattern:

First letter of each cluster increases by 4 in alphabetical order: A (1) + 4 = E (5); E (5) + 4 = I (9); I (9) + 4 = M (13); M (13) + 4 = Q (17).

Second letter of each cluster decreases by 4 in alphabetical order: Y (25) - 4 = U (21); U (21) - 4 = Q (17); Q (17) - 4 = M (13); M (13) - 4 = I (9).

Third letter of each cluster increases by 4 in alphabetical order: C (3) + 4 = G (7); G (7) + 4 = K (11); K (11) + 4 = O (15); O (15) + 4 = S (19).

Combining the three results yields the letter-cluster QIS.

Explanation

To arrange the words in alphabetical order as they appear in a dictionary, we compare them letter by letter from left to right.

All six words begin with the letters Pe. Comparing the third letter of each word:

Peasant has a, which comes first, making it the first word in the sequence (6).

Pedestrian has d, which comes next, making it the second word (3).

Perceive, Perfect, and Perilous all have r as their third letter, while Pessimist has s. Since r comes before s, the three r-words will precede Pessimist, leaving Pessimist as the final word in the sequence (2).

To arrange the three words starting with Per, we compare their fourth letters:

Perceive has c, which comes first, making it third in the sequence (4).

Perfect has f, which comes next, making it fourth in the sequence (5).

Perilous has i, which comes after c and f, making it fifth in the sequence (1).

Combining these positions gives the correct alphabetical order: Peasant, Pedestrian, Perceive, Perfect, Perilous, Pessimist, which corresponds to the sequence 6, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2.

Explanation

The letter series is formed by repeating a five-letter block with a changing first letter:

First group: M S W Q U Second group: N S W Q U Third group: O S W Q U Fourth group: P S W Q U

Within each five-letter group, the first letter advances consecutively in alphabetical order: M → N → O → P. The remaining four letters of every group are constant as S W Q U.

Inserting the letters S, W, Q, W, U sequentially into the blanks completes this pattern: The first blank after M is filled with S to complete M S W Q U. The second blank after N S is filled with W to complete N S W Q U. The third blank after O S W is filled with Q to complete O S W Q U. The final blanks are filled with W and U to complete P S W Q U.

Explanation

In this pattern, the second number is obtained by dividing the sum of the digits of the first number by 3. For the pair 282:6, the sum of the digits of the first number is 2 + 8 + 2 = 12. Dividing this sum by 3 yields 12 ÷ 3 = 4, which does not equal the second number 6.

Explanation

Substituting the mathematical signs from the first option into the given equation:

42 + 19 × 4 - 69 + 81 ÷ 9 = 58

Applying the BODMAS rule, perform the division first:

81 ÷ 9 = 9

Next, perform the multiplication:

19 × 4 = 76

Now, substitute these results back into the expression:

42 + 76 - 69 + 9 = 58

Finally, perform the addition and subtraction from left to right:

118 - 69 + 9 = 58

49 + 9 = 58

58 = 58

The left-hand side equals the right-hand side, which balances the equation.

Explanation

Substituting the mathematical signs in the correct option into the expression sequentially replaces the asterisks to give the following equation:

40 ÷ 2 + 15 = 30 + 5

Applying the BODMAS rule, first solve the division on the left-hand side (LHS): 40 ÷ 2 = 20

Next, perform the addition on the left-hand side: 20 + 15 = 35

Now, perform the addition on the right-hand side (RHS): 30 + 5 = 35

Since both the left-hand side and right-hand side evaluate to 35, the equation is balanced.

Explanation

In the pair 35:280, the second number is obtained by multiplying the first number by 8 (35 × 8 = 280), whereas all other pairs follow the rule of multiplying the first number by 6 to obtain the second number.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in each pair follows the pattern where the second term is obtained by multiplying the first term by 4 and then subtracting 9.

Using this formula: Second term = (First term × 4) - 9

For the first pair: (27 × 4) - 9 = 108 - 9 = 99

For the third pair: (13 × 4) - 9 = 52 - 9 = 43

Applying the same mathematical relationship to the middle pair with 21: (21 × 4) - 9 = 84 - 9 = 75

Explanation

The pattern followed by the pairs is that the second number is the square of one less than the first number, which can be expressed by the formula (x - 1)² where x is the first number. In the pair 9:100, applying this formula gives (9 - 1)² = 8² = 64, whereas the given value is 100. Therefore, this pair deviates from the established mathematical pattern.

Explanation

The pattern followed in each row is that the third number is the difference between the square of the second number and the square of the first number.

For the first row, we have: 9² - 5² = 81 - 25 = 56

For the second row, we have: 7² - 4² = 49 - 16 = 33

For the third row, applying the same pattern: 11² - 10² = 121 - 100 = 21

Explanation

The coding pattern involves reversing the letters of the given word and then shifting each letter one position forward (+1) in alphabetical order.

For the word MAP, reversing the letters gives PAM. Shifting each letter by +1 gives: P + 1 = Q A + 1 = B M + 1 = N This results in the code QBN.

For the word LEAP, reversing the letters gives PAEL. Shifting each letter by +1 gives: P + 1 = Q A + 1 = B E + 1 = F L + 1 = M This results in the code QBFM.

Applying the same logic to the word CROWN, reversing the letters gives NWORC. Shifting each letter by +1 gives: N + 1 = O W + 1 = X O + 1 = P R + 1 = S C + 1 = D This results in the code OXPSD.

Explanation

The second statement directly establishes that some houses are tents. Because the relation of some is symmetrical, if some A are B, then some B must also be A. Therefore, it logically and definitely follows that some tents are houses, which makes conclusion II correct. The statements do not provide any direct or definite connection between castles and houses or between castles and boxes, meaning conclusions I and III do not logically follow.

Explanation

Let the seven friends be arranged in descending order of their heights from 1 to 7, where 1 is the tallest and 7 is the shortest.

Since P is taller than only U and R, P is taller than exactly two people. This means P is at position 5, and U and R occupy positions 6 and 7. Given that R is taller than U, R is at position 6 and U is at position 7.

This leaves positions 1, 2, 3, and 4 to be filled by V, T, Q, and S.

We are given that Q is taller than S but shorter than T, which gives the order T > Q > S. Since T is not the tallest among all, T cannot occupy position 1. Therefore, V must be the tallest at position 1. The remaining positions 2, 3, and 4 are occupied by T, Q, and S respectively.

The final order of heights from tallest to shortest is V > T > Q > S > P > R > U.

The people whose heights are between Q at position 3 and R at position 6 are S and P. Thus, there are exactly 2 people between Q and R.

Explanation

The pattern in each row follows the mathematical relation: (First number × Second number) - 3 = Third number

Applying this relation to the rows: First row: (5 × 16) - 3 = 80 - 3 = 77 Third row: (8 × 19) - 3 = 152 - 3 = 149

Applying this to the second row: (13 × 12) - 3 = 156 - 3 = 153

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in each pair follows the pattern: Second term = (First term)² + 4

For the pair 3 : 13: 3² + 4 = 9 + 4 = 13

For the pair 6 : 40: 6² + 4 = 36 + 4 = 40

Applying the same pattern to find the missing term x: x² + 4 = 148 x² = 144 x = 12

Explanation

The pattern in the given word pairs is that the second word is formed by reversing the order of the letters of the first word:

GAINS reversed becomes SNIAG. ANVIL reversed becomes LIVNA.

Following the same logic, reversing the letters of the fifth word, INBOX, yields XOBNI.

Explanation

The series follows a pattern where the differences between consecutive terms decrease by a constant value of 7.

359 - 283 = 76 428 - 359 = 69 490 - 428 = 62 545 - 490 = 55

The differences are 76, 69, 62, and 55. The difference between these differences is a constant 7:

76 - 7 = 69 69 - 7 = 62 62 - 7 = 55

Following this pattern, the next difference is:

55 - 7 = 48

Adding 48 to the last term of the series gives:

545 + 48 = 593

Explanation

First, comparing the words by their second letters, Decadent (4) begins with De, while the other words begin with Di, making Decadent the first word.

Next, comparing Dictation (1) and Dictator (2) with Distilled (5) and Distribute (3), the third letter c in Dictation and Dictator comes before s in Distilled and Distribute.

Comparing Dictation (1) and Dictator (2), the first six letters Dictat are the same. The seventh letter i in Dictation comes before o in Dictator, placing Dictation second and Dictator third.

Comparing Distilled (5) and Distribute (3), the first four letters Dist are identical. The fifth letter i in Distilled comes before r in Distribute, putting Distilled fourth and Distribute fifth.

This yields the complete dictionary order 4, 1, 2, 5, 3.

Explanation

The letters of each word are rearranged according to a specific position pattern. By analyzing the word EASY, which is written as YAES, the letter positions 1-2-3-4 are rearranged to the sequence 4-2-1-3: The fourth letter Y moves to the first position. The second letter A remains in the second position. The first letter E moves to the third position. The third letter S moves to the fourth position.

Applying this same 4-2-1-3 pattern to the word KIND, where K is 1, I is 2, N is 3, and D is 4, yields DIKN.

Applying this exact positional mapping to the word SOME: The fourth letter E becomes the first letter. The second letter O remains in the second position. The first letter S becomes the third letter. The third letter M becomes the fourth letter.

This results in the coded word EOSM.

Explanation

The coding pattern swaps adjacent pairs of letters in the word while keeping the first and last letters in their original positions.

For the word CAUTIOUS: The first letter C and last letter S remain unchanged. The intermediate pairs (A, U), (T, I), and (O, U) are swapped to become (U, A), (I, T), and (U, O), giving CUAITUOS.

For the word DEADLINE: The first letter D and last letter E remain unchanged. The intermediate pairs (E, A), (D, L), and (I, N) are swapped to become (A, E), (L, D), and (N, I), giving DAELDNIE.

Applying this pattern to the word ECONOMIC: The first letter E and last letter C remain unchanged. The 2nd and 3rd letters (C, O) are swapped to become (O, C). The 4th and 5th letters (N, O) are swapped to become (O, N). The 6th and 7th letters (M, I) are swapped to become (I, M).

Putting it all together, we get EOCONIMC.

Explanation

The number of odd days can be calculated in two simple steps:

Step 1: From 30 July 2015 to 30 July 2016 is exactly one year. Since 2016 is a leap year containing 29 February, this period has 366 days. Dividing 366 by 7 leaves a remainder of 2, which gives 2 odd days.

Step 2: From 30 July 2016 to 3 September 2016, the remaining days are counted as follows: Remaining days in July = 1 day Days in August = 31 days Days in September = 3 days Total days = 1 + 31 + 3 = 35 days. Dividing 35 by 7 leaves a remainder of 0, which gives 0 odd days.

Total odd days from 30 July 2015 to 3 September 2016 = 2 + 0 = 2 odd days.

Adding 2 days to Thursday (the day on 30 July 2015) gives Saturday.

Explanation

The pattern followed in each row is that the square of the difference between the first and second numbers gives the third number: (Second number - First number)² = Third number. Applying this to the third row, (15 - 9)² = 6² = 36.