RRB NTPC CBT 1 2021 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

The analogy follows a cause-and-effect relationship. Exposure to a virus causes or leads to a disease. Similarly, engaging in regular exercise leads to or results in good health, making health the direct outcome of exercise.

Explanation

An assumption is an unstated premise that must be true for a statement to hold valid. The given statement directly links the high fee charged by a doctor with being good at their profession. For this statement to be logically sound, it relies on the implicit premise that a doctor's level of professional skill or proficiency is directly correlated with the consultation fee they charge.

Explanation

This is a standard categorical syllogism following the principle of universal instantiation. The first premise establishes that the set of all philosophers is entirely contained within the set of rationalists. The second premise places Socrates inside the set of philosophers. Consequently, Socrates is automatically included within the set of rationalists.

Explanation

A hospital is an institution dedicated to maintaining and improving health. Similarly, a school is an institution dedicated to imparting knowledge and providing education.

Explanation

The given series follows the pattern of consecutive products n × (n + 1): 156 = 12 × 13 182 = 13 × 14 210 = 14 × 15

Alternatively, the difference between consecutive terms increases by 2: 182 - 156 = 26 210 - 182 = 28

Following this pattern, the next difference is 30, making the missing number 210 + 30 = 240 (or 15 × 16 = 240).

Explanation

Arranging the individuals in decreasing order of age based on the given conditions:

E is older than C, and D is older than C but younger than E: E > D > C C is older than B: C > B A is younger than both B and C: B > A

Combining these relations gives the full order from oldest to youngest: E > D > C > B > A. Thus, A is at the end of the order as the youngest person.

Explanation

Four people sit at the corners and four at the middle of the sides, all facing the center. When facing the center, counter-clockwise movement corresponds to the right side.

Placing Vijaya at the East middle position puts Priya (to Vijaya's right) at the North-East corner. Vijaya faces Madhu, so Madhu is at the West middle position. Since Madhu is to the right of Rita, Rita is at the North-West corner.

Sharda is diagonally opposite Priya, which places Sharda at the South-West corner. Urmila is between Sharda and Nita, putting Urmila at the South middle position and Nita at the South-East corner. Tina sits opposite Urmila at the North middle position.

Nita is at the South-East corner, so the person sitting diagonally opposite Nita at the North-West corner is Rita.

Explanation

Each cluster consists of four consecutive letters written in reverse alphabetical order, with each letter followed by its corresponding numerical position in the alphabet (A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26).

The starting letter of each cluster advances by 4 positions in the alphabet: First cluster starts at D (4th letter) → D4 C3 B2 A1 Second cluster starts at H (8th letter) → H8 G7 F6 E5 Third cluster starts at L (12th letter) → L12 K11 J10 I9

Following this pattern, the fourth cluster starts at the 16th letter, which is P: P (16), O (15), N (14), M (13) → P16O15N14M13

Explanation

Replacing the letters with their respective mathematical operations gives the expression:

(3 × 4 + 5 - 6) ÷ 1

Following the BODMAS rule, evaluate the expression inside the parentheses first: 3 × 4 = 12 12 + 5 - 6 = 11

Finally, dividing the result by 1: 11 ÷ 1 = 11

Explanation

A is the father of B, and B is the father of C, which places C two generations below A. Since the gender of C is not specified in the relationship, C can be either a male or female child of B. Therefore, C is the grandchild of A.

Explanation

The pattern in this code language is simply reversing the order of the letters in the word. Reversing DESTINY gives YNITSED. Applying the same rule to DIGNITY by writing its letters in complete reverse order (from last letter to first letter) yields Y-T-I-N-G-I-D, which forms YTINGID.

Explanation

From Statement I, D > A > E, which means E is shorter than both A and D. From Statement II, C > B > E, which means E is shorter than both B and C. Combining Statements I and II shows that E is shorter than A, B, C, and D. Since E is shorter than all four other individuals, E is conclusively the shortest among the group without needing Statement III.

Explanation

The sequence follows a two-part positional rule based on alphabetical values. Between consecutive clusters, the first letter of the next cluster is obtained by adding 1 to the last letter of the preceding cluster: F + 1 = G, L + 1 = M, and R + 1 = S.

Within each cluster, the positional increments between consecutive letters follow the pattern +2, +1, +2: A (+2) → C (+1) → D (+2) → F G (+2) → I (+1) → J (+2) → L M (+2) → O (+1) → P (+2) → R

Applying this pattern starting from the letter S (19th letter of the alphabet): S (19) + 2 = 21 (U) U (21) + 1 = 22 (V) V (22) + 2 = 24 (X)

This sequence yields the letter cluster SUVX.

Explanation

The pattern in the series follows the rule: next term = (previous term × 2) + 2.

5 × 2 + 2 = 12 12 × 2 + 2 = 26 26 × 2 + 2 = 54 54 × 2 + 2 = 110 110 × 2 + 2 = 222 222 × 2 + 2 = 446

Alternatively, the difference between consecutive terms doubles with each step (7, 14, 28, 56, 112, 224). Adding 56 to 54 yields 110.

Explanation

The pattern in the series involves subtracting consecutive increasing integers:

214 - 17 = 197 197 - 18 = 179 179 - 19 = 160 160 - 20 = 140

Explanation

Steel is an alloy, formed primarily by combining iron with carbon and other elements, whereas Iron, Gold, and Silver are pure metallic chemical elements found on the periodic table.

Explanation

In the given table, each number in the left column is formed by adding the number in the right column of the preceding row to the number in the left column of that preceding row:

9 + 8 = 17 17 + 8 = 25 25 + 16 = 41 41 + 8 = 49 49 + 8 = 57

This gives 25 + 16 = 41 for the missing position.

Explanation

The word VAGABOND is divided into four two-letter pairs: (VA), (GA), (BO), (ND). These pairs are rearranged in the order of 4th pair, 1st pair, 3rd pair, and 2nd pair to form NDVABOGA.

Applying the same pattern to PRACTICE gives four pairs: (PR), (AC), (TI), (CE). Rearranging them in the order 4th, 1st, 3rd, 2nd yields CE PR TI AC, which forms CEPRTIAC.

Explanation

A quadrilateral is defined as a closed two-dimensional polygon with four edges and four vertices. Squares, rhombuses, rectangles, and parallelograms are all four-sided geometric figures, making them all specific types of quadrilaterals.

Explanation

Since some artists are celebrities and every celebrity is a millionaire, those artists who are celebrities must also be millionaires. Thus, there is a guaranteed overlap between artists and millionaires, making it logically certain that some artists are millionaires.

Explanation

Dollar, Rupee, Yen, and Taka are standard monetary units and official legal tender issued by central authorities in various countries to facilitate the exchange of goods and services. A currency serves as a system of money in common use within a country or economic region.

Explanation

Sir Chintaman Dwarakanath Deshmukh (C. D. Deshmukh) was appointed as the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India on 11 August 1943, succeeding Sir James Braid Taylor. He was the third Governor of the RBI overall and the first Indian national to hold the post. He served until June 1949, during which he oversaw the transition and nationalization of the Reserve Bank of India.

Explanation

In January 2019, Chief Minister Pema Khandu inaugurated India's longest 300-meter single-lane steel cable suspension bridge, known as the Byorung Bridge, in Arunachal Pradesh. Constructed across the Siang river at Yingkiong in Upper Siang district, the bridge was built at a cost of ₹48.43 crore funded under the Non-Lapsable Central Pool of Resources scheme by the Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region. The bridge reduced the travel distance between Yingkiong and Tuting by nearly 40 km, significantly improving connectivity for local communities and bolstering defense preparedness near the international border.

Explanation

In May 2019, the World Bank partnered with the Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) to enable secondary market bond trading recorded on a blockchain. This milestone was achieved for bond-i (Blockchain Offered New Debt Instrument), an Australian dollar-denominated Kangaroo bond first issued in August 2018 with CBA acting as the sole arranger. Built by CBA's Blockchain Centre of Excellence, the platform enabled bond-i to become the world's first bond whose issuance, management, and secondary market trading were recorded using distributed ledger technology.

Explanation

The area of the four walls of a room is given by the formula: Area = 2 × (length + breadth) × height.

Substituting the given values into the formula: Area = 2 × (15 + 20) × 30 = 2 × 35 × 30 = 2100 m²

Explanation

By the divisibility rule for 11, the difference between the sum of digits at odd positions and the sum of digits at even positions must be a multiple of 11.

Sum of digits at odd positions = 9 + 2 + 8 + 6 = 25 Sum of digits at even positions = 3 + 4 + x = 7 + x

Difference = 25 - (7 + x) = 18 - x

For 18 - x to be divisible by 11, 18 - x = 11, which gives x = 7.

Explanation

British-Indian author Rana Dasgupta won the 2019 Rabindranath Tagore Literary Prize for Literature for his novel Solo. The annual award, founded in 2018 by the US-based Maitreya Publishing Foundation, aims to recognize works that promote world peace, literature, art, and human rights. It carries a prize of 10,000 along with a statuette of Rabindranath Tagore.

Explanation

Let the number of boys in the group be x. Each boy received thrice as many apples as the number of boys, which is 3x.

Total apples = Number of boys × Apples per boy 1200 = x × 3x 3x² = 1200 x² = 400 x = √400 = 20

Explanation

The coding pattern shifts the first three letters backward by 1, 2, and 3 positions respectively, and the remaining three letters forward by 1, 2, and 3 positions respectively:

P (-1) = O, U (-2) = S, N (-3) = K J (+1) = K, A (+2) = C, B (+3) = E

Applying the same logic to PRAYAG:

P (-1) = O R (-2) = P A (-3) = X Y (+1) = Z A (+2) = C G (+3) = J

Combining these gives OPXZCJ.

Explanation

In traditional categorical logic and the classical square of opposition, the universal affirmative proposition "All men are rich" (A proposition) and the particular negative proposition "Some men are not rich" (O proposition) are contradictories. Contradictory propositions always possess opposite truth values, meaning they cannot both be true and cannot both be false at the same time. Therefore, if the proposition "All men are rich" is given as false, its contradictory statement "Some men are not rich" must logically and certainly be true.

Explanation

Lucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh. Following the same relationship, Bhopal is the capital city of Madhya Pradesh.

Explanation

Shirt and Trousers form a natural pair of complementary clothing items used together. Similarly, Chair and Table form a natural pair of complementary furniture items used together.

Explanation

The terms in the series follow the pattern n³ + n for consecutive positive integers n:

1³ + 1 = 2 2³ + 2 = 10 3³ + 3 = 30 4³ + 4 = 68 5³ + 5 = 125 + 5 = 130 6³ + 6 = 216 + 6 = 222

Evaluating the pattern for the fifth term (n = 5) gives 5³ + 5 = 125 + 5 = 130.

Explanation

In ADG, the positional values of the letters are A (1), D (4), and G (7), following an increment pattern of +3 between consecutive letters. In contrast, all other letter-clusters follow an increment pattern of +2 between consecutive letters.

Explanation

The series follows two distinct letter patterns based on alphabetical position:

The first letters advance by 2 positions in each step: A (1) + 2 = C (3) C (3) + 2 = E (5) E (5) + 2 = G (7) G (7) + 2 = I (9)

The second letters advance by increasing increments of +3, +4, +5, and +6: C (3) + 3 = F (6) F (6) + 4 = J (10) J (10) + 5 = O (15) O (15) + 6 = U (21)

Combining the ninth letter (I) and twenty-first letter (U) yields IU.

Explanation

The pattern follows an alternating sequence of adding 3 and subtracting 3 to the alphabetical position of each letter:

B + 3 = E I - 3 = F L + 3 = O R - 3 = O

Applying the same (+3, -3, +3, -3) rule to CJPT:

C + 3 = F J - 3 = G P + 3 = S T - 3 = Q

Explanation

This is a direct substitution letter coding where each letter corresponds to a specific digit based on the given examples:

From APPLE = 25563: A = 2, P = 5, L = 6, E = 3 From RUNG = 7148: R = 7, U = 1, N = 4, G = 8

Substituting the mapped values for each letter in PURPLE gives: P → 5 U → 1 R → 7 P → 5 L → 6 E → 3

Combining the digits in sequence yields 517563.

Explanation

The pattern in this code is a forward shift of +3 positions for each letter in the word: R (+3) → U, O (+3) → R, A (+3) → D, R (+3) → U.

Applying the same +3 shift rule to the letters of URDU: U (+3) → X R (+3) → U D (+3) → G U (+3) → X

Combining these transformed letters gives XUGX.

Explanation

Harsh's son's paternal uncle refers to Harsh's own brother. Since the old man's son is Harsh's brother, the old man is the father of Harsh's brother, which makes him Harsh's father.

Explanation

Since exactly two students scored more than C, C must be in the 3rd position. D scored more than C, placing D in either 1st or 2nd position. Because D did not get the highest marks, D must be in 2nd position. The order for the top three ranks is therefore _ > D > C > _ > _ > _ > _.

The sequence H > D > C > E > A > B > F satisfies all the required conditions: Exactly two students (H and D) scored more than C. D is 2nd, so D scored more than C and B, and D is not 1st. H is 1st, A is 5th, and B is 6th, which satisfies H > A > B. F is in the 7th (lowest) position, ensuring B does not have the lowest marks.

Explanation

In classical logic and the Traditional Square of Opposition, two propositions are contradictories—meaning one is the exact denial or negation of the other—if one is a Universal Affirmative (A statement) and the other is a Particular Negative (O statement) sharing the same subject and predicate terms.

Proposition (a) "All elephants are equal to cats" is a Universal Affirmative (A), while proposition (b) "Some elephants are not equal to cats" is a Particular Negative (O). Since a universal claim is logically negated by showing at least one counterexample, these two statements are direct contradictories where the truth of one strictly implies the falsity of the other.

Explanation

Based on the given conditions, the seating arrangement from left to right in positions 1 to 6 is determined as follows:

Since M3 sits to the immediate left of M5, they form a block [M3, M5].

There are three persons between M1 and M5, placing M5 at position 2 and M1 at position 6. This sets M3 at position 1.

Three persons sit between M2 and M3, which places M2 at position 5.

M4 sits to the immediate left of M6 and to the right of M3, filling positions 3 and 4 with M4 and M6 respectively.

The final order from left to right is M3 (position 1), M5 (position 2), M4 (position 3), M6 (position 4), M2 (position 5), M1 (position 6).

Between M3 at position 1 and M6 at position 4, there are two persons (M5 and M4).

Explanation

The series follows an alternating pattern of adding 4 and multiplying by 2:

10 + 4 = 14 14 × 2 = 28 28 + 4 = 32 32 × 2 = 64 64 + 4 = 68 68 × 2 = 136

The last term should be 136 instead of 132, making 132 the incorrect number in the pattern.

Explanation

The pattern in the series is determined by observing the positional values of the letters in the English alphabet:

First letter: A (1) + 6 = G (7), G (7) + 5 = L (12), L (12) + 4 = P (16). Following the pattern (+6, +5, +4, +3), P (16) + 3 = S (19).

Second letter: C (3) + 6 = I (9), I (9) + 7 = P (16), P (16) + 8 = X (24). Following the pattern (+6, +7, +8, +9), X (24) + 9 = 33, which corresponds to G (since 33 - 26 = 7).

Third letter: E (5) + 4 = I (9), I (9) + 6 = O (15), O (15) + 5 = T (20). Following the pattern (+4, +6, +5, +6), T (20) + 6 = Z (26).

Combining the results for each position yields SGZ.

Explanation

Comparing 'Horses are animals' (lu # @) and 'Are horses mammals' (kt # @), the common words are 'are' and 'horses', which correspond to the common codes '#' and '@'.

In the statement 'Horses are animals' (lu # @), since 'are' and 'horses' account for the codes '#' and '@', the remaining word 'animals' is coded as 'lu'.

Explanation

From the given age relations, B is elder to C (B > C), D is elder to C (D > C), A is elder to D (A > D), and C is elder to E (C > E). The sequence A > D > C > B > E places C as elder to B, which directly violates the given condition that B is elder to C.

Explanation

Positions numbered 1 through 8 in a clockwise order around the table with everyone facing the centre:

Placing C at position 1, A sits second to the right of C at position 7. Since C is third to the left of D, D is at position 6. B is second to the right of E and not adjacent to C, placing B at position 3 and E at position 5. Given that G is second to the left of H and one person sits between D and G, G is at position 4 and H is at position 2. F takes the remaining position 8.

The final clockwise arrangement from position 1 to 8 is C, H, B, G, E, D, A, F.

Moving clockwise (to the left) from C at position 1, G at position 4 is three steps away, making G third to the left of C.

Explanation

The pattern follows a repeating subtraction cycle of 7, 9, and 11 from the positional values of the letters in the English alphabet:

N (14) - 7 = 7 (G) D (4) - 9 = -5 ≡ 21 (U) R (18) - 11 = 7 (G) W (23) - 7 = 16 (P) C (3) - 9 = -6 ≡ 20 (T) K (11) - 11 = 0 ≡ 26 (Z)

Applying the same pattern (-7, -9, -11, -7, -9, -11) to MTSFHJ:

M (13) - 7 = 6 (F) T (20) - 9 = 11 (K) S (19) - 11 = 8 (H) F (6) - 7 = -1 ≡ 25 (Y) H (8) - 9 = -1 ≡ 25 (Y) J (10) - 11 = -1 ≡ 25 (Y)

Explanation

Statement (b) "No animals are dogs" is a universal negative proposition. A universal negative statement can be directly converted by interchanging the subject and predicate terms, which gives "No dogs are animals" (conclusion iii).

Conclusions (i) and (ii) do not follow because 'mammals' is undistributed in statement (a), preventing any definite deduction between 'animals' and 'mammals'. Conclusion (iv) is an invalid conversion of "All dogs are mammals", which can only be converted to "Some mammals are dogs".

Explanation

Taking the starting point as the origin (0, 0) on a Cartesian plane where East is along the positive x-axis and North is along the positive y-axis:

First, walking 10 m East towards the sunrise leads to position (10, 0). Turning right (South) and walking 10 m leads to position (10, -10). Turning left (East) and walking 5 m leads to position (15, -10). Turning left (North) and walking 15 m leads to position (15, 5). Finally, turning left (West) and walking 15 m leads to position (0, 5).

Since the x-coordinate is 0 and the y-coordinate is positive (+5), his final position is directly North relative to the starting point.