SSC CHSL Tier 1 2013 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

To find the sitting arrangement of the five friends, we can analyze the given conditions sequentially.

First, M is to the left of O and to the right of P, which gives the relative order P - M - O.

Second, S is sitting to the right of T, but to the left of P, which gives the relative order T - S - P.

Combining these two relations results in the complete left-to-right arrangement of all five friends: T - S - P - M - O.

In a row of five people, the person in the middle is the third person from either end, which is P.

Explanation

The statement "Medals are awards" establishes a universal relation where the class of medals is entirely contained within the class of awards, equivalent to the proposition "All medals are awards". Because every medal is an award, any medal received by definition falls under the category of awards. This makes conclusion II a direct and logical deduction from the given statement.

Explanation

By the rules of formal logic, the statement that all students in my class are intelligent creates a universal conditional relationship: if an individual is a student in my class, then they must be intelligent. The contrapositive of this statement is logically equivalent: if an individual is not intelligent, then they are not a student in my class. Given that Kaushik is not intelligent, applying modus tollens directly yields the deduction that Kaushik is not a student of my class.

Explanation

The total length of the ribbon is 3 km, which is equivalent to 3000 metres. Dividing this ribbon into pieces of 10 metres each results in 3000 / 10 = 300 pieces.

To divide a continuous object into N pieces, the number of cuts required is always N - 1. Therefore, the machine needs to make 300 - 1 = 299 cuts to completely divide the ribbon.

Since each cut takes 6 seconds, the total time required for 299 cuts is 299 × 6 = 1794 seconds.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of terms is established by subtracting 2 from the alphabetical position of each letter. In the first term FLRX, F is the 6th letter, L is the 12th, R is the 18th, and X is the 24th letter. Subtracting 2 from each position gives 4, 10, 16, and 22, which correspond to the letters D, J, P, and V respectively, forming DJPV.

Applying this same rule to the term EKQW, where E is the 5th letter, K is the 11th, Q is the 17th, and W is the 23rd letter, we subtract 2 from each position. This yields the positions 3, 9, 15, and 21, which correspond to the letters C, I, O, and U respectively, forming CIOU.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of numbers is defined by the formula: y = x² + 1

Applying this formula to the first number, 4: 4² + 1 = 16 + 1 = 17

Applying the same formula to the second number, 7: 7² + 1 = 49 + 1 = 50

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of numbers is based on the sum of their individual digits. For the number 45, the sum of the digits is 4 + 5 = 9. Applying this identical pattern to the second pair, the sum of the digits of 94 is 9 + 4 = 13.

Explanation

The relationship established in the first pair is that of a physiological defect and the bodily function it impairs. A squint is a condition or physical disorder that affects a person's vision. Similarly, stammering is a speech disorder characterized by involuntary repetitions or prolongations of sounds, which directly impairs a person's speech.

Explanation

The relationship established in the first pair is that of the primary striking equipment used by a player to the sport in which it is used, as a racket is held and used by a player to strike the ball in tennis. Similarly, a bat is the primary striking equipment held and used by a player in the sport of cricket.

Explanation

A glove is a protective or decorative garment specifically designed to be worn on the hand. Applying the same functional relationship, a hat is a garment specifically designed to be worn on the head.

Explanation

The letters of the first term are written in reverse order to form the second term. Reversing the letter sequence of TCEJBO yields OBJECT. Applying the same logic, reversing the letter sequence of TCEJORP yields PROJECT.

Explanation

Potato is an underground modified stem, specifically classified as a stem tuber, which grows from stolons and stores starch and nutrients. The other plants in the list are modified roots, specifically taproots, that serve a storage function.

Explanation

The position values of the letters in USPM are U = 21, S = 19, P = 16, and M = 13. The differences between the consecutive letters in this group are 2, 3, and 3. This pattern of differences deviates from the consistent difference of 3 between consecutive letters found in the other groups.

Explanation

The difference between the two numbers in the pair 106-36 is 70, whereas all other pairs have a difference of 30. This makes it the odd pair.

Explanation

The pair consisting of Vamp and Vampire does not follow the established masculine-to-feminine gender pattern. In a standard gender pair, the first term represents the male and the second term represents the female counterpart. In this case, vamp is a female archetype representing a seductive woman, whereas vampire is a gender-neutral mythological creature. This mismatch in gender representation and relationship makes it the odd pair out.

Explanation

The chronological sequence of agricultural activities starts with preparing the soil by ploughing. This is followed by sowing, where seeds are planted in the soil. As the plants grow, weeding is performed to eliminate unwanted vegetation that competes with the crops for nutrients and water. Finally, harvesting takes place once the crops are mature and ready for collection.

Explanation

All four words begin with the prefix Vo. To arrange them in alphabetical order according to the English dictionary, we compare their third letters.

In Vocation, the third letter is c. In Voice, the third letter is i. In Volume, the third letter is l. In Voyage, the third letter is y.

Arranging these third letters alphabetically gives c, i, l, y. This yields the correct dictionary order of Vocation, Voice, Volume, and Voyage, which corresponds to the sequence 3, 2, 4, 1.

Explanation

Substituting the letters from option D into the gaps of the given letter series a_bab_ab_abb yields:

a b b a b b a b b a b b

This completes the pattern by creating a repeating sequence of three-letter blocks, namely "abb", four times consecutively.

Explanation

The given set (11 - 18 - 25) follows an arithmetic progression with a constant common difference of 7: 18 - 11 = 7 25 - 18 = 7

Applying the same mathematical relationship, the set (19 - 26 - 33) also exhibits a constant common difference of 7: 26 - 19 = 7 33 - 26 = 7

Explanation

The series progresses by adding 1 to the alphabetical position of each letter in the preceding term.

For the first letter of each term: F → G → H → I → J For the second letter of each term: L → M → N → O → P For the third letter of each term: A → B → C → D → E

Combining these letters gives JPE.

Explanation

The given series follows the mathematical pattern of n³ + 10, where n starts from 5 and increases by 1 for each successive term:

For n = 5: 5³ + 10 = 125 + 10 = 135

For n = 6: 6³ + 10 = 216 + 10 = 226

For n = 7: 7³ + 10 = 343 + 10 = 353

For n = 8: 8³ + 10 = 512 + 10 = 522

For n = 9: 9³ + 10 = 729 + 10 = 739

Explanation

The given series is 4, 7, 13, 22, 34, ...

By finding the difference between each consecutive term: 7 - 4 = 3 13 - 7 = 6 22 - 13 = 9 34 - 22 = 12

The differences between consecutive terms are multiples of 3, increasing by 3 at each step: 3, 6, 9, 12.

Following this pattern, the next difference must be 15.

Adding 15 to the last term: 34 + 15 = 49

Explanation

Let today be T. The day before yesterday is T - 2, which is given as Sunday. Therefore, today, T, is Sunday + 2 days = Tuesday. The day after tomorrow is T + 2, which is Tuesday + 2 days = Thursday.

Explanation

The coding pattern assigns numerical positional values to the English alphabets in forward alphabetical order, where A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, and so on up to Z = 26. The code for a given word is calculated by summing the positional values of all its constituent letters.

Using this rule: For AIR: A = 1 I = 9 R = 18 Sum = 1 + 9 + 18 = 28

For RIB: R = 18 I = 9 B = 2 Sum = 18 + 9 + 2 = 29

Explanation

To find the number of times the sequence abc occurs such that b is in the middle with a and c on either side, we need to look for both the patterns abc and cba in the given series of alphabets.

In the first line, qbcnjlcbaidaechkambcno, the pattern cba occurs once: qbcnjl(cba)idaechkambcno

In the second line, abcpkdcrbchaqgabcfebctu, the pattern abc occurs twice: (abc)pkdcrbchaqg(abc)febctu

Adding these together, there are a total of 3 occurrences where b is in the middle with a and c on either side.

Explanation

The letters in the word PHILOSOPHY are coded using a direct letter-to-digit substitution derived from the given words PSYCHOLOGY and SOCIOLOGY.

By comparing the letters in the words with their respective numerical codes, we obtain the following mappings: P is coded as 9 (the first letter of PSYCHOLOGY) H is coded as 2 (the fifth letter of PSYCHOLOGY) I is coded as 0 (the fourth letter of SOCIOLOGY) L is coded as 5 (the seventh letter of PSYCHOLOGY and sixth of SOCIOLOGY) O is coded as 1 (from both PSYCHOLOGY and SOCIOLOGY) S is coded as 8 (from both PSYCHOLOGY and SOCIOLOGY) Y is coded as 3 (the last letter of both PSYCHOLOGY and SOCIOLOGY)

Applying these specific digit substitutions to the word PHILOSOPHY in sequence: P corresponds to 9 H corresponds to 2 I corresponds to 0 L corresponds to 5 O corresponds to 1 S corresponds to 8 O corresponds to 1 P corresponds to 9 H corresponds to 2 Y corresponds to 3

Putting these digits together gives the code 9205181923.

Explanation

Let the heights of the jumps be represented by the initials of each person: P for Prakash, Pi for Pinakin, K for Ketan, R for Rohan, and Pr for Pranav.

From the first statement, Prakash jumps higher than Pinakin but not as much as Ketan: Pi < P < K

From the second statement, Rohan jumps lower than Pranav but not less than Ketan, which means Rohan jumps at least as high as Ketan: K ≤ R < Pr

Combining these two inequalities gives a complete order: Pi < P < K ≤ R < Pr

This chain of inequalities shows that Pinakin jumps the lowest of all five individuals.

Explanation

Let the present age of Leela be x years and her grandmother be y years.

The difference in their ages is 60 years: y - x = 60

After 10 years, the sum of their ages is 100 years: (x + 10) + (y + 10) = 100 x + y + 20 = 100 x + y = 80

Adding these two equations gives: 2y = 140 y = 70

Substituting y = 70 back into the sum equation: x + 70 = 80 x = 10

This gives their present ages as 10 and 70.

Explanation

The total number of girls in a row can be found using the standard ranking formula:

Total = Left Position + Right Position - 1

Since Sarika is 19th from both the left end and the right end of the row, substituting these values into the formula gives:

Total = 19 + 19 - 1 Total = 37

The subtraction of 1 accounts for the fact that Sarika is counted twice, once from each end of the row. This direct calculation yields exactly 37 girls in the row.

Explanation

Mohan is the husband of Sona, which means Sona is the wife of Mohan. Since Ankit is the brother of Sona, he is the wife's brother to Mohan. In family relations, a wife's brother is referred to as a brother-in-law.

Explanation

The word TRANSMIT contains the letter M, which is not present in the given word TRANSLATION. Therefore, it cannot be formed using the letters of TRANSLATION.

Explanation

The coding pattern is formed by taking letters alternately from the end and the beginning of the original word.

For the word ETHICS, numbered 1 to 6: E is 1, T is 2, H is 3, I is 4, C is 5, S is 6.

Following the alternating pattern from the end and the beginning: First letter is the 6th letter: S Second letter is the 1st letter: E Third letter is the 5th letter: C Fourth letter is the 2nd letter: T Fifth letter is the 4th letter: I Sixth letter is the 3rd letter: H This results in SECTIH.

Applying the same alternating pattern to the word AFECTION, numbered 1 to 8: A is 1, F is 2, E is 3, C is 4, T is 5, I is 6, O is 7, N is 8.

First letter is the 8th letter: N Second letter is the 1st letter: A Third letter is the 7th letter: O Fourth letter is the 2nd letter: F Fifth letter is the 6th letter: I Sixth letter is the 3rd letter: E Seventh letter is the 5th letter: T Eighth letter is the 4th letter: C

This results in the coded word NAOFIETC.

Explanation

The coding for each letter can be directly obtained from the given letter-to-number mapping: M corresponds to 6 A corresponds to 9 E corresponds to 8 I corresponds to 0 O corresponds to 1 U corresponds to 2

Putting these individual numerical codes in the sequence of MAEIOU results in the combination 698012.

Explanation

The word GHOST is composed of the letters G, H, O, S, and T. Each of these letters is present in the parent word ONSLAUGHT (which contains O, N, S, L, A, U, G, H, and T), making it possible to form GHOST from the given letters.

Explanation

The pattern in each column is that the product of the first three numbers yields the fourth number.

In the first column: 4 × 3 × 4 = 48

In the third column: 8 × 2 × 4 = 64

Following this rule for the second column: 5 × ? × 10 = 200 50 × ? = 200 ? = 200 ÷ 50 = 4

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in each row follows a simple multiplication pattern. The middle number is obtained by multiplying the first number by the third number of that row.

For the first row: 7 × 8 = 56

For the second row: 9 × 7 = 63

Applying this exact pattern to the third row: 12 × 5 = 60

Explanation

The system rearranges the digits of the inputs in a specific sequence. For a given expression of the form a × b × c, the result is obtained by rearranging the digits in the order of the third digit, the first digit, and then the second digit (c-a-b).

Applying this pattern to the given examples: For 2 × 7 × 5, rearranging the digits in the order of third (5), first (2), and second (7) gives 527. For 1 × 4 × 9, rearranging the digits in the order of third (9), first (1), and second (4) gives 914.

Applying the same pattern to the unsolved equation 6 × 3 × 8: Rearranging the digits in the order of third (8), first (6), and second (3) yields 863.

Explanation

Let the starting point be at coordinates (0, 0).

Moving 10 m towards East takes the person to (10, 0).

Turning to the right means facing South. Walking 10 m in this direction leads to (10, -10).

Turning left from South means facing East. Walking the first left-turn distance of 5 m leads to (15, -10).

Turning left from East means facing North. Walking the second left-turn distance of 15 m leads to (15, 5).

Turning left from North means facing West. Walking the third left-turn distance of 15 m leads to (0, 5).

The distance between the starting point (0, 0) and the final position (0, 5) is 5 m.

Explanation

By substituting the mathematical symbols according to the defined logic: '+' is replaced with division (÷) '×' is replaced with subtraction (-) '-' is replaced with multiplication (×) '÷' is replaced with addition (+)

The given expression: (280 + 10 × 20) - 8 ÷ 6

becomes: (280 ÷ 10 - 20) × 8 + 6

Following the BODMAS order of operations:

First, evaluate the expression inside the brackets: 280 ÷ 10 = 28 28 - 20 = 8

Now, substitute this value back into the expression: 8 × 8 + 6

Next, perform the multiplication: 8 × 8 = 64

Finally, perform the addition: 64 + 6 = 70

Explanation

In the morning, the Sun rises in the East, which means Seema starts walking towards the East.

When she turns to her left, she faces and moves towards the North.

Next, turning to her right from the North direction puts her facing towards the East again.

Finally, turning to her right from the East direction directs her towards the South.

Explanation

The first statement establishes that the world is inherently neutral, being neither good nor bad. The second statement explains that the perception of the world is subjective, as each individual manufactures their own world for themselves. Because individuals create their own version of the world based on their thoughts and actions, it logically follows that different people will perceive the world differently. Some individuals will construct and experience a world that they find good, while others will construct and experience a world that they find bad. Therefore, both conclusions directly follow from the premise that the world is a subjective creation of each individual.

Explanation

Let T be the set of trams, P be the set of prams, and C be the set of passenger-carrying entities.

The statement All trams are prams means T is a subset of P (T ⊆ P). The statement No pram can carry passengers means the intersection of P and C is empty (P ∩ C = ∅).

Since T is completely contained within P, and P has no common elements with C, T cannot have any common elements with C. This means T ∩ C = ∅, which directly validates Conclusion I: No tram can carry passengers.

Because the entire set of trams has no intersection with the set of passenger-carrying entities, any subset of trams likewise cannot carry passengers. Thus, Conclusion II: Some trams cannot carry passengers also logically follows.

Explanation

We can find the number of remaining students who do not play any game by applying successive percentage reductions on the total number of students.

Total number of students = 120

First, 25% of the students play volleyball. The fraction of remaining students is: 1 - 0.25 = 0.75 = 3/4

Next, 40% of these remaining students play cricket. The fraction of remaining students is: 1 - 0.40 = 0.60 = 3/5

Then, 50% of these remaining students play football. The fraction of remaining students who do not play any game is: 1 - 0.50 = 0.50 = 1/2

To find the final number of students who do not play any game, we multiply the total number of students by the remaining fractions: Remaining students = 120 × (3/4) × (3/5) × (1/2) Remaining students = 120 × (9/40) = 27

Explanation

To determine the positions of the girls from left to right, we can analyze the given statements step by step.

First, I is to the left of G but to the right of F. This establishes the partial sequence as F - I - G.

Second, H is to the right of G, which extends the sequence to F - I - G - H.

Third, H is to the left of E, meaning E is positioned to the right of H.

Combining all of these conditions yields the final order of the five girls from left to right as F - I - G - H - E, placing E at the extreme right.

Explanation

Squint is a physical defect or disorder that directly impairs or affects a person's vision. In the same way, stammering is a communication disorder characterized by disruptions in the flow of vocalization, which directly impairs or affects a person's speech.

Explanation

The relationship in the given pair is that of the primary equipment used to strike the ball and the sport itself. A racket is the instrument used to play tennis. Similarly, a bat is the instrument used to play cricket.

Explanation

The relationship in the first pair is that of a body part and its corresponding external covering. A glove is a wearable item specifically designed to cover the hand. Applying the same logic to the second pair, a hat is the wearable item designed to cover the head.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of words is based on reversing the order of the letters. Reversing the letters of TCEJBO gives OBJECT. Following the same pattern, reversing the letters of TCEJORP gives PROJECT.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of letter groups is established by subtracting 2 from the alphabetical position of each letter in the first group to obtain the corresponding letter in the second group.

For the group FLRX: F (6) - 2 = D (4) L (12) - 2 = J (10) R (18) - 2 = P (16) X (24) - 2 = V (22)

Applying this same logic of subtracting 2 from each letter of EKQW: E (5) - 2 = C (3) K (11) - 2 = I (9) Q (17) - 2 = O (15) W (23) - 2 = U (21)

This yields the letter group CIOU.

Explanation

The relationship in the first pair follows the pattern of squaring the given number and adding 1: x → x² + 1

For the first pair: 4² + 1 = 16 + 1 = 17

Applying this same logic to the second pair: 7² + 1 = 49 + 1 = 50