SSC CHSL Tier 1 2013 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

Sona is the wife of Mohan because Mohan is the husband of Sona. Ankit is the brother of Sona. By definition, the brother of a person's spouse is their brother-in-law. Since Ankit is the brother of Mohan's wife, Ankit is Mohan's brother-in-law.

Explanation

Each letter in the word is assigned a numerical value corresponding to its position in the standard English alphabetical order, where A = 1, B = 2, and so on.

The sum of the positional values of the letters in AIR is calculated as: A = 1 I = 9 R = 18 Sum = 1 + 9 + 18 = 28

Applying the same logic to the word RIB, we sum the positional values of its letters: R = 18 I = 9 B = 2 Sum = 18 + 9 + 2 = 29

Explanation

The condition requires finding occurrences of the letter b such that it is in the middle of a and c, which means we look for the letter combinations abc or cba.

Analyzing the two rows of alphabets:

In the first row, qbcajlcbaidaechkamcno, there is 1 such occurrence which is cba in the sequence j l c b a i.

In the second row, abcpkdcrbcbaqgabcfebetu, there are 3 such occurrences: First is abc at the very beginning of the row. Second is cba in the middle of the sequence r b c b a q. Third is abc towards the end in the sequence g a b c f.

Adding these together gives a total of 4 occurrences of b with both a and c on either side.

Explanation

The coding for the letters is obtained by directly mapping each letter to its corresponding digit in the given coded words.

From the word PSYCHOLOGY (coded as 9834215173), the respective codes are P as 9, S as 8, Y as 3, H as 2, O as 1, and L as 5.

From the word SOCIOLOGY (coded as 812015173), the respective code for I is 0.

Applying these letter-to-digit mappings to the word PHILOSOPHY, the letters correspond to: P as 9, H as 2, I as 0, L as 5, O as 1, S as 8, O as 1, P as 9, H as 2, and Y as 3.

Putting these digits together in sequence, the code for PHILOSOPHY is 9205181923.

Explanation

The coding pattern rearranges the letters of the word by alternating from the outer ends towards the center, working inwards.

In the 6-letter word ETHICS, where the positions are numbered 1 to 6, the letters are rearranged in the order of their positions as 6, 1, 5, 2, 4, 3. This gives SECTIH.

Applying this same alternating pattern to the 8-letter word AFECTION, with positions numbered 1 to 8, the letters are taken in the order of their positions as 8, 1, 7, 2, 6, 3, 5, 4:

The 8th letter is N The 1st letter is A The 7th letter is O The 2nd letter is F The 6th letter is I The 3rd letter is E The 5th letter is T The 4th letter is C

Combining these in the determined sequence yields NAOFIETC.

Explanation

The number code for each alphabet is obtained by matching the letters to their respective numbers given in the code key:

M corresponds to 6 A corresponds to 9 E corresponds to 8 I corresponds to 0 O corresponds to 1 U corresponds to 2

By substituting these codes in the sequence of MAEIOU, the resulting number-code is 698012.

Explanation

The word ONSLAUGHT contains the letters O, N, S, L, A, U, G, H, and T. The word GHOST can be formed using these letters because each of its constituent letters (G, H, O, S, and T) is present in ONSLAUGHT.

Explanation

The word TRANSMIT contains the letter M, which is not present in the given word TRANSLATION. Therefore, TRANSMIT cannot be formed.

Explanation

The pattern in each row is that the middle number is the product of the first and the third numbers.

In the first row: 7 × 8 = 56 In the second row: 9 × 7 = 63

Applying this same logic to the third row, the missing middle number is obtained by multiplying the first number by the third number:

12 × 5 = 60

Explanation

In the given matrix, the number in the fourth row of each column is the product of the first three numbers of that column.

For the first column: 4 × 3 × 4 = 48

For the third column: 8 × 2 × 4 = 64

Let the missing number in the second row of the second column be represented by x. Applying the same logic to the second column: 5 × x × 10 = 200 50 × x = 200 x = 4

Explanation

The equations follow a specific pattern of digit rearrangement. For any given expression in the form a × b × c, the digits are rearranged to form the three-digit number cab.

In the first equation, 2 × 7 × 5, the first digit a is 2, the second digit b is 7, and the third digit c is 5. Rearranging them in the order cab gives 527.

In the second equation, 1 × 4 × 9, the first digit a is 1, the second digit b is 4, and the third digit c is 9. Rearranging them in the order cab gives 914.

Applying the same pattern to the unsolved equation, 6 × 3 × 8, the first digit a is 6, the second digit b is 3, and the third digit c is 8. Rearranging these digits in the order cab yields 863.

Explanation

Correct Answer: D

The system of equations is solved by applying the operations (a × b) - c + d to the digits of each four-digit number abcd.

For 6241: (6 × 2) - 4 + 1 = 12 - 4 + 1 = 9

For 3732: (3 × 7) - 3 + 2 = 21 - 3 + 2 = 20

Applying the same logic to 4523: (4 × 5) - 2 + 3 = 20 - 2 + 3 = 21

Explanation

Substituting the mathematical signs sequentially into the expression 6 x 5 x 8 x 4 x 32 to balance it, we use the operators multiplication (×), addition (+), division (÷), and equality (=). This corresponds to Option C, where the second addition sign (+) represents the division operator (÷).

The balanced equation is written as: 6 × 5 + 8 ÷ 4 = 32

Following the BODMAS rule, division is performed first, giving 8 ÷ 4 = 2. Next, multiplication is performed, giving 6 × 5 = 30. Finally, addition is performed, which yields 30 + 2 = 32. This successfully balances the equation.

Explanation

According to the mathematical operations:

• stands for division (÷) × stands for subtraction (−) − stands for multiplication (×) ÷ stands for addition (+)

Applying these changes to the original expression (280 + 10 × 20) − 8 ÷ 6, we get: (280 ÷ 10 − 20) × 8 + 6

Solving the expression inside the parentheses first using the order of operations: 280 ÷ 10 = 28 28 − 20 = 8

Now, substituting the value back into the expression: 8 × 8 + 6 = 64 + 6 = 70

Explanation

In the morning, the Sun rises in the East, which means Seema starts walking towards the East.

When she makes a left turn, her direction changes from East to North.

Next, she turns to her right, which changes her direction from North back to East.

Finally, she turns to her right once more, which changes her direction from East to South.

Explanation

Let the starting point of A be the origin (0, 0).

First, A walks 10 m towards East. His position becomes (10, 0).

Next, A turns right, which is towards the South direction, and walks 10 m. His position becomes (10, -10).

Then, A makes three consecutive left turns: First left turn is towards the East. Walking 5 m brings his position to (10 + 5, -10) = (15, -10). Second left turn is towards the North. Walking 15 m brings his position to (15, -10 + 15) = (15, 5). Third left turn is towards the West. Walking 15 m brings his position to (15 - 15, 5) = (0, 5).

The distance between his final position (0, 5) and his starting point (0, 0) is 5 m.

Explanation

The statement All trams are prams implies that the set of trams is entirely contained within the set of prams. The statement No pram can carry passengers means that the set of prams and the set of things that can carry passengers are completely disjoint. Since the set of trams is a subset of prams, and no pram can carry passengers, it directly follows that no tram can carry passengers. Thus, conclusion I is logically valid.

Furthermore, in classical syllogistic logic, the universal negative proposition No A is B logically implies the subaltern particular negative proposition Some A are not B, assuming the existence of the subject. Since no tram can carry passengers, it is also true that some trams cannot carry passengers. Therefore, conclusion II also follows.

Explanation

The given statements assert that the world is inherently neutral, being neither good nor bad, and that each individual constructs or manufactures their own perception of the world. Since every person manufactures their own version of the world, it logically follows that different individuals will have different experiences. Some individuals will construct a favorable experience, meaning some people find this world quite good, while others will construct an unfavorable experience, meaning some people find this world quite bad. Therefore, both conclusion I and conclusion II naturally follow from the premise that the world is a subjective creation of each individual.

Explanation

By analyzing the relative positions given: Since I is on the left of G but on the right of F, their relative order from left to right is F - I - G. Since H is on the right of G, the sequence becomes F - I - G - H. Since H is on the left of E, E must be to the right of H, making the complete sequence from left to right F - I - G - H - E. This places E at the extreme right position.

Explanation

The number of students who do not play any game can be directly calculated by finding the successive remaining fractions.

Let the initial number of students be 120.

The fraction of students remaining after volleyball players are excluded is 1 - 0.25 = 0.75 or 3/4.

The fraction of the remaining students after cricket players are excluded is 1 - 0.40 = 0.60 or 3/5.

The fraction of the remaining students after football players are excluded is 1 - 0.50 = 0.50 or 1/2.

By multiplying these remaining fractions, the total fraction of students who do not play any game is:

3/4 × 3/5 × 1/2 = 9/40

Multiplying this fraction by the total number of students gives:

120 × 9/40 = 3 × 9 = 27

Explanation

The logic of the series is that each subsequent term is obtained by subtracting 3 from the preceding term and then dividing the result by 2.

Next Term = (Previous Term - 3) ÷ 2

Applying this pattern step-by-step: (445 - 3) ÷ 2 = 221 (221 - 3) ÷ 2 = 109 (109 - 3) ÷ 2 = 53 (53 - 3) ÷ 2 = 25

According to this rule, the number 46 should be replaced by 53 to maintain the correct sequence.

Explanation

Let the shares of A, B, C, and D be 5x, 2x, 4x, and 3x respectively.

The difference between the shares of C and D is given as ₹1,000: C - D = 1000 4x - 3x = 1000 x = 1000

B's share is represented by 2x: B's share = 2 × 1000 = 2000

Explanation

By substituting the specified mathematical operators in place of the letter symbols, the given expression 19 G 9 P 15 B 5 Q 2 becomes:

19 - 9 + 15 ÷ 5 × 2

Applying the BODMAS rule, the operations are performed in the order of division, multiplication, addition, and subtraction:

First, perform the division: 15 ÷ 5 = 3

The expression becomes: 19 - 9 + 3 × 2

Next, perform the multiplication: 3 × 2 = 6

The expression becomes: 19 - 9 + 6

Finally, perform the addition and subtraction from left to right: 10 + 6 = 16

Explanation

The rank from the last is calculated using the formula:

Rank from the last = Total number of students - Rank from the start + 1

Substituting the given values into the formula:

Rank from the last = 37 - 21 + 1 = 16 + 1 = 17

Explanation

Let the two numbers be x and y.

The problem gives: x + y = 21 xy = 90

Using the standard algebraic identity: (x + y)² = x² + y² + 2xy

Substitute the given values into the identity: 21² = x² + y² + 2(90) 441 = x² + y² + 180 x² + y² = 441 - 180 x² + y² = 261

Explanation

Raju starts facing North and walks 35 metres in this direction.

Turning left from the North direction shifts his heading to the West, where he walks 20 metres.

He then makes a right turn from West, which directs him back towards the North, covering a distance of 25 metres.

Finally, turning right from North directs him towards the East. Since he covers 30 metres in this direction, he is currently heading East.

Explanation

Let point P be the starting point represented on a coordinate plane as (0, 0).

Walking 10 km towards South from P brings Manoranjan to position (0, -10).

Turning to his right means turning West. Walking 4 km in this direction brings him to position (-4, -10).

Turning to his right again means turning North. Walking 10 km in this direction brings him to position (-4, 0), which is directly West of the starting point P.

Turning to his left means turning West. Walking 5 km in this direction brings him to his final position (-9, 0).

The total distance from the starting point P (0, 0) to the final position (-9, 0) is the sum of the westward displacements, which is 4 km + 5 km = 9 km.

Explanation

Substituting the mathematical signs from the correct option (×, =, +, +) in place of the asterisks in the expression 7 2 3 5 6 gives the equation:

7 × 2 = 3 + 5 + 6

Evaluating both sides of this equation:

Left Hand Side = 7 × 2 = 14

Right Hand Side = 3 + 5 + 6 = 14

Since both sides are equal to 14, this combination of signs balances the equation perfectly.

Explanation

Replacing the symbols with their correct mathematical operations: The symbol x is replaced by + The symbol - is replaced by × The first + is replaced by ÷ The second + is replaced by -

Substituting these operations into the given expression: 6 x 4 - 5 + 2 + 1 = 6 + 4 × 5 ÷ 2 - 1

Applying the BODMAS rule: First, perform the division: 5 ÷ 2 = 2.5

Next, perform the multiplication: 4 × 2.5 = 10

Then, perform the addition and subtraction: 6 + 10 - 1 = 15

Explanation

Based on the given seating arrangement, the relative positions of the guests can be determined step-by-step:

First, Neeta is to the left of Manju and to the right of Navin, which gives the sequence: Navin, Neeta, Manju.

Second, Rishab is to the right of Kavita, but to the left of Navin, which gives the sequence: Kavita, Rishab, Navin.

Combining these two sequences, the complete left-to-right order of the five guests is: Kavita, Rishab, Navin, Neeta, Manju.

In this linear arrangement of five positions, Navin occupies the third position, which is the exact center.

Explanation

From the statement that All Huts are painted blue, the set of Huts is entirely contained within the set of blue buildings. This allows for the possibility that the set of Huts and the set of blue buildings are completely identical. Because of this possibility, we cannot definitively conclude that some blue buildings are not Huts, making inference II logically invalid.

From the statement that Some blue buildings are Bungalows, we only know that there is an overlap between blue buildings and Bungalows. This does not provide any information to conclude that all Bungalows must be blue, as there can be Bungalows that lie outside the set of blue buildings. This makes inference I logically invalid.

Explanation

To determine which conclusions follow, we analyze the logical relationships established by the statements.

The third statement tells us that all onions are potatoes, meaning the entire category of onions lies within the category of potatoes. The fourth statement states that no potato is ginger, which means the category of potatoes and the category of ginger are completely separate and have no intersection. Since all onions are inside the potato category, and potatoes have no connection with ginger, it is logically impossible for any onion to be ginger. This validates conclusion II, which states that no onion is ginger.

In contrast, all chillies are garlics, and only some garlics are onions. This does not guarantee any intersection between chillies and onions, and consequently, there is no necessary overlap between chillies and potatoes. Thus, conclusion I does not logically follow.

Explanation

The relationship in the given pair is that Jaundice is a medical condition or symptom that directly affects the Liver. Similarly, a Rash is a medical condition or symptom that directly affects the Skin.

Explanation

The pattern in each letter group of this analogy follows a specific structural rule: the first two letters are consecutive, the third letter is skipped, and the last two letters are consecutive.

In the first pair: ABDE follows this structure with A and B being consecutive, C skipped, and D and E being consecutive. PQST follows the same logic with P and Q being consecutive, R skipped, and S and T being consecutive.

In the second pair: MNPQ follows the structure with M and N being consecutive, O skipped, and P and Q being consecutive.

Applying this identical rule to find the missing term, we seek a group of letters that consists of two consecutive letters, one skipped letter, and two consecutive letters.

EFHI satisfies this structure perfectly, with E and F being consecutive, G skipped, and H and I being consecutive.

Explanation

The relationship between the words is that the letters of the first word are written in reverse order to form the second word. Reversing the word ELIMS letter by letter yields SMILE. Applying the same logic to KRAPS, reversing the letters from right to left gives SPARK.

Explanation

The relationship is based on the squares of consecutive even numbers.

The first term 64 is the square of 8 (8² = 64). The second term 100 is the square of 10 (10² = 100), where the base has increased by 2 (8 + 2 = 10).

Applying the same logic, the third term 16 is the square of 4 (4² = 16). The base of the fourth term must be increased by 2, which gives 4 + 2 = 6. The square of 6 is 36 (6² = 36).

Explanation

The relationship in the given analogy is based on the sum of the digits of the first number.

For the first pair, the sum of the digits of 167 is 1 + 6 + 7 = 14.

Applying the same relation to the second pair, the sum of the digits of 143 is 1 + 4 + 3 = 8.

Explanation

Mathematics is the academic discipline primarily concerned with the study of numbers and their properties. Similarly, history is the academic discipline primarily concerned with the study and chronological record of past events.

Explanation

The relationship between the first pair of words is antonymous. Ancient and Modern are opposites in meaning. Following the same logic, the word that is opposite in meaning to Often is Seldom, which represents a low frequency or rarity of occurrence.

Explanation

Punishment represents a negative stimulus, penalty, or disciplinary measure administered to discourage undesirable behavior, while the other terms represent positive forms of motivation, appreciation, and reinforcement. This makes punishment the only negative concept in the group.

Explanation

In the pair 66-56, the difference between the two numbers is 10. For all other pairs, the difference between the first and the second number is 11, which makes this pair the odd one out.

Explanation

In the pair Balance : Ear, balance represents a physiological function performed by the inner ear, rather than a physical anatomical component. In contrast, the first term in each of the other pairs is a physical, anatomical structure of the second term, such as taste buds on the tongue, the retina in the eye, and the follicle associated with hair.

Explanation

The alphabetical positions of the letters in DGIK are D = 4, G = 7, I = 9, and K = 11. The intervals between these successive letters are +3, +2, and +2. This uneven sequence deviates from the uniform pattern of increasing by exactly 2 at each step, which represents alternate letters in alphabetical order. Due to this irregular step interval, DGIK is the odd group.

Explanation

The relationship in the given set (30, 18, 6) is based on a constant difference of 12 between consecutive terms. Subtracting 12 from the first number gives the second number, and subtracting 12 from the second number gives the third number: 30 - 18 = 12 18 - 6 = 12

The set (50, 38, 26) follows this exact same pattern of subtracting 12 to find the next term: 50 - 38 = 12 38 - 26 = 12

Explanation

The life cycle of a butterfly undergoes complete metamorphosis, which progresses through four distinct stages. The cycle begins when a female butterfly lays Eggs (3) on a host plant. These eggs hatch into the larval stage, known as the Caterpillar (2), which actively feeds and grows. After reaching its full size, the caterpillar enters the pupal stage, forming a protective casing or Cocoon (4) where it undergoes transformation. Finally, the adult Butterfly (1) emerges from the pupa to complete the cycle and reproduce, establishing the sequence of 3, 2, 4, and 1.

Explanation

To arrange the words in alphabetical order as they appear in a dictionary, we compare them letter by letter from left to right.

Comparing the first letters, all four words start with S.

Comparing the second letters, Sild has i while Slide, Slice, and Slick have l. Since i comes before l in the alphabet, Sild (4) is the first word in the sequence.

Now we compare Slide, Slice, and Slick. The first three letters S-l-i are identical in all three. Looking at the fourth letter, Slice and Slick have c, while Slide has d. Since c comes before d, Slide (1) is positioned after both Slice and Slick.

Finally, we compare Slice and Slick. The first four letters S-l-i-c are identical. Comparing the fifth letter, Slice has e and Slick has k. Since e comes before k, Slice (2) comes before Slick (3).

Combining these steps, the correct alphabetical sequence is Sild (4), Slice (2), Slick (3), Slide (1), which gives the order 4, 2, 3, 1.

Explanation

Substituting the letters of option a) sequentially into the gaps of the given letter series:

_ d b c _ d _ c a _ b e a d _ c _ d b _

yields the following continuous 20-letter sequence:

a d b c a d b c a d b e a d b c a d b c

This sequence is formed by the 4-letter pattern a d b c repeating five times, with only the central (3rd) block modified to a d b e:

1st block: a d b c 2nd block: a d b c 3rd block: a d b e 4th block: a d b c 5th block: a d b c

Explanation

The terms of the series follow an alternating pattern of n² + 1 and n² - 1 for consecutive natural numbers starting from n = 1.

For the first term (n = 1), the calculation is 1² + 1 = 2. For the second term (n = 2), the calculation is 2² - 1 = 3. For the third term (n = 3), the calculation is 3² + 1 = 10. For the fourth term (n = 4), the calculation is 4² - 1 = 15. For the fifth term (n = 5), the calculation is 5² + 1 = 26.

Explanation

The positional value of each letter in the alphabet is used to determine the pattern. In each successive group, each letter is shifted forward by 5 positions from the corresponding letter of the preceding group.

For the first letter of each triad: C (3) → H (8) → M (13) → R (18) → W (23)

For the second letter of each triad: A (1) → F (6) → K (11) → P (16) → U (21)

For the third letter of each triad: E (5) → J (10) → O (15) → T (20) → Y (25)

Adding 5 to the letter positions of the last group RPT yields the letters W, U, and Y.

Explanation

The series follows the mathematical pattern where each subsequent number is obtained by multiplying the previous number by 2 and then adding 2.

Using the relation: Termₙ₊₁ = 2 × Termₙ + 2

Applying this relation to the given terms: 12 × 2 + 2 = 26 26 × 2 + 2 = 54 54 × 2 + 2 = 110

Following the same pattern, the next term in the series is: 110 × 2 + 2 = 222