RRB NTPC CBT 1 2021 General Awareness Questions with Solutions

Explanation

Nagarhole National Park, also officially known as Rajiv Gandhi National Park, is located across the Kodagu and Mysuru districts of Karnataka. Established as a wildlife sanctuary in 1955 and upgraded to a national park in 1988, it forms an integral part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. The park is drained by the Kabini River and is renowned for its rich forest ecosystem supporting high densities of Bengal tigers, Indian elephants, and leopards.

Explanation

A cyclotron is a particle accelerator invented by Ernest O. Lawrence in 1934. It accelerates charged subatomic particles, such as protons or ions, to high kinetic energies using a static magnetic field and a high-frequency alternating electric field along a spiral trajectory. It is widely used in nuclear physics research and medical isotope production, and has no relation to measuring meteorological phenomena like cyclones.

Explanation

The Scientific Society was founded by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan in 1864 at Ghazipur to translate scientific works and Western scholarly books into Urdu and promote modern education among Indians. M.N. Roy was a prominent communist leader and founder of the Radical Democratic Party, with no involvement in the Scientific Society.

Explanation

Nirukta is the limb of the Vedangas dedicated to etymology and the interpretation of complex, obscure Vedic words. Authored most famously by the ancient scholar Yaska as a commentary on the Nighantu, Nirukta explains the semantic derivations, root words, and exact meanings of obscure vocabulary used throughout the Vedic texts.

Explanation

Dumhal is a traditional folk dance performed in Jammu and Kashmir by men of the Wattal tribe. Dancers wear long, colorful robes along with tall conical caps studded with beads and shells. During the performance, dancers carry a banner, plant it in the ground at a designated spot, and dance around it in a circle to the accompaniment of drums and traditional songs.

Explanation

The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976 amended the Preamble of the Indian Constitution during the Emergency under the leadership of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. This amendment inserted three new words into the Preamble: "Socialist", "Secular", and "Integrity", altering the description of India from a "Sovereign Democratic Republic" to a "Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic".

Explanation

The average normal body temperature of a healthy human being is approximately 98.6 °F (equivalent to 37 °C). This baseline temperature is regulated by the hypothalamus in the brain to maintain optimal physiological and enzymatic function within the body.

Explanation

The Vinaya Pitaka is the scripture of the Tripitaka that contains the monastic rules, laws, and regulations governing the daily conduct, discipline, and communal life of Buddhist monks (bhikkhus) and nuns (bhikkhunis). Compiled during the First Buddhist Council at Rajagriha shortly after the Buddha's Parinirvana, it details ethical guidelines, procedures for monastic order management, and penalties for transgressions.

Explanation

In February 2019, six-time world boxing champion MC Mary Kom signed a two-year agreement with global sportswear brand Puma India as its brand ambassador. She was appointed to represent Puma's women's training category and lead its national marketing campaign, #DoYou, which aimed to inspire and empower Indian women to pursue fitness and strength.

Explanation

The Geological Survey of India (GSI), an attached office under the Ministry of Mines, was established in 1851 primarily to find coal deposits for the railways. Its headquarters is located in Kolkata, West Bengal. It is one of the oldest scientific organizations in the world and serves as the premier institution for geo-scientific survey, mapping, and mineral resource assessment in India.

Explanation

On 30 December 2018, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the renaming of Ross Island as Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Dweep. This was done to commemorate the 75th anniversary of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose hoisting the Indian Tricolour at Port Blair on 30 December 1943 during World War II, when the Azad Hind Government briefly gained administrative control over the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Explanation

The 2020 Summer Paralympic Games were postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and rescheduled to take place from 24 August to 5 September 2021 in Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo became the first city to host the Summer Paralympic Games twice, having previously hosted the Games in 1964.

Explanation

As of October 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) comprised 194 member states. This membership includes 192 United Nations member states along with two non-UN member states, the Cook Islands and Niue. Established on 7 April 1948 and headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, WHO functions as the specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. All UN member states are eligible to join WHO by accepting its constitution.

Explanation

Peripheral devices are auxiliary hardware components—such as keyboards, mice, printers, monitors, and external drives—that connect internally or externally to a computer system. They expand the system's input, output, or storage capabilities to assist the user, but they are not part of the core architecture (CPU, RAM, and motherboard) required for the computer's primary computing operations.

Explanation

The Lepcha people, who are the original inhabitants of Sikkim, refer to their native homeland as 'Nye-Mal-Ale' (also spelled 'Nye-mae-el'), which translates to "paradise" or "heaven" in the Lepcha language. Historically, other ethnic communities in the region also had unique names for the land, such as 'Denzong' ("valley of rice") given by the Bhutias and 'Su-khim' ("new palace") by the Limbus.

Explanation

Shri Kamlesh Nilkanth Vyas (K. N. Vyas) took charge as the Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission and Secretary to the Government of India for the Department of Atomic Energy in September 2018 and held the position until May 2023. Prior to assuming this role, he served as the Director of the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC).

Explanation

India shares a 4,096.7 km long international border with Bangladesh, which is the longest land border India shares with any of its neighbouring countries. Five Indian states border Bangladesh: West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram. Among these, West Bengal shares the longest boundary stretch with Bangladesh, followed by Tripura, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Assam.

Explanation

The concept of the 'Rule of Law' in the Indian Constitution is derived from the Constitution of the United Kingdom. Popularized by the British jurist A.V. Dicey, the Rule of Law establishes that law is supreme, no individual is above the law, and all citizens are subject to the same ordinary law enforced by ordinary courts. In India, this fundamental principle is primarily enshrined in Article 14 of the Constitution, which guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the laws.

Explanation

A team of researchers from the CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, led by Dr. K. Thangaraj, conducted the first-ever genetic study on the native human population of the Lakshadweep archipelago. Published in May 2019 in Scientific Reports, the study analyzed mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome markers across eight major islands, including Agatti, Andorth, Bitra, Chetlat, Kadmat, Kalpeni, Kiltan, and Minicoy. The research demonstrated that the ancestry of Lakshadweep islanders is primarily derived from South Asia—showing close genetic links with mainland India, the Maldives, and Sri Lanka—with a strong founder effect indicating limited genetic mixing.

Explanation

A Local Area Network (LAN) connects computers and devices within a limited geographical area such as an office, home, or school building. A primary advantage of a LAN is peripheral sharing, which enables multiple connected workstations to access shared hardware devices like printers, scanners, plotters, and network storage. This eliminates the need to purchase separate hardware for each individual computer, significantly reducing equipment costs and optimizing resource utilization across the network.

Explanation

The Latin term 'Habeas Corpus' literally translates to "You shall have the body". Issued under Article 32 by the Supreme Court and Article 226 by the High Courts, this writ is a judicial order directing a person or authority holding someone in custody to produce the detainee before the court to evaluate the legality of their detention and protect personal liberty against arbitrary arrest.

Explanation

In 2012, researchers at IIT Kanpur studied the natural structure of silkworm cocoons, particularly from the Tasar silkworm, to design temperature-regulated green homes. They discovered that the asymmetric membrane of a cocoon naturally maintains a stable internal temperature between 25°C and 34°C while facilitating the unidirectional release of carbon dioxide, providing a natural model for passive, energy-efficient architectural design.

Explanation

Lord Mayo, who served as the Viceroy of India from 1869 to 1872, organized the Statistical Survey of India in 1869. He appointed Sir William Wilson Hunter as the Director-General of Statistics to execute a comprehensive survey documenting the economic, social, and demographic details of British India. Lord Mayo also established the Department of Agriculture and Commerce and initiated the first non-synchronous census in India in 1872.

Explanation

In the Union Budget 2019–20 presented by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, the Union government of India set an enhanced disinvestment target of ₹1,05,000 crore for FY20. This was increased from the interim budget estimate to generate higher non-tax receipts through strategic sales, consolidation, and minority stake sales in public sector undertakings (PSUs).

Explanation

Oxford Languages named 'Samvidhaan' (Constitution) as the Oxford Hindi Word of the Year for 2019. The word was chosen as it reflected the public mood and major national conversations of the country in 2019, a year dominated by legal and political debates surrounding constitutional principles, the abrogation of Article 370, the Citizenship Amendment Act, and landmark Supreme Court verdicts.

Explanation

The Radio Astronomy Centre (RAC) is located in Udhagamandalam (Ooty) in the Nilgiri Hills of Tamil Nadu. Functioning as part of the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics (NCRA) under the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), the facility operates the 530-meter-long cylindrical parabolic Ooty Radio Telescope (ORT), which was established in 1970 for frontline research in radio astronomy and astrophysics.

Explanation

Truck farming is a specialized branch of commercial agriculture where farmers specialize strictly in growing vegetables for nearby urban markets. The term originates from the old usage of the word "truck", meaning to barter or trade. In this type of farming, the location of farms relative to urban centres is governed by the distance a truck can cover overnight, ensuring that fresh produce reaches consumers by the following morning.

Explanation

The United Nations Katowice Conference, officially known as COP24 (the 24th Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC), took place in Katowice, Poland, in December 2018. Its main agenda was to finalize and adopt the implementation guidelines for the 2015 Paris Agreement, known as the Katowice Climate Package or Paris Rulebook, aimed at limiting global warming and addressing climate change.

Explanation

European Russia covers approximately 3.9 million square kilometers, which accounts for nearly 40% of the entire European continent. Spanning both Europe and Asia, Russia as a whole is the largest country in the world, and its European portion alone makes it by far the largest country in Europe by land area.

Explanation

According to the criteria established by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India for Census 2011, a person aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with understanding in any language is considered literate. Formal schooling or the attainment of a minimum educational qualification is not required to be categorized as literate under census guidelines.

Explanation

The World Trade Organization (WTO) officially commenced operations on 1 January 1995 under the Marrakesh Agreement, which was signed on 15 April 1994. It replaced the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which had regulated international commerce since 1948 following the 1947 Geneva multilateral conference. The Uruguay Round of trade negotiations (1986–1994) transformed GATT from a provisional agreement into a permanent, legal international body designed to oversee global trade rules and resolve trade disputes among member nations.

Explanation

The Swadeshi Movement formally began on 7 August 1905 with the passing of the Swadeshi Resolution at a massive meeting held in the Calcutta Town Hall. It was launched as a direct protest against Lord Curzon's decision to partition Bengal, focusing on the boycott of foreign goods and the promotion of indigenous Indian industries, national education, and self-reliance.

Explanation

The Trans-Siberian Railway is the longest railway line in the world, stretching over a total distance of approximately 9,289 kilometers (5,772 miles). Spanning across Russia, it connects the capital city of Moscow in the west to Vladivostok on the Pacific coast, traversing eight time zones and connecting European Russia directly to the Far East.

Explanation

Dr. G. C. Anupama was elected President of the Astronomical Society of India (ASI) in 2019, becoming the first woman to head the country's premier association of professional astronomers. She served a three-year term from 2019 to 2022. Prior to taking on this leadership role, she served as the Dean and Senior Professor at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) in Bengaluru, specializing in optical astronomy and supernova research.

Explanation

The term 'Hindu rate of growth' was coined by Indian economist Raj Krishna in 1978. It refers to the low annual economic growth rate of around 3.5% experienced by the Indian economy from the 1950s to the 1980s, characterized by socialist policies, state controls, and the License Raj.

Explanation

The Golden Quadrilateral is a national highway network connecting India's four major megacities: Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata. Managed by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) under the National Highways Development Project (NHDP), the total length of this four-to-six-lane highway network is 5,846 km. It consists of four major legs: Delhi to Mumbai (1,419 km), Mumbai to Chennai (1,290 km), Chennai to Kolkata (1,684 km), and Kolkata to Delhi (1,453 km).

Explanation

Prarthana Samaj was established on 31 March 1867 in Bombay by Dr. Atmaram Pandurang, inspired by the Brahmo leader Keshab Chandra Sen. It was founded as a movement for religious and social reform in Western India, aiming to promote monotheism, eradicate caste discrimination, encourage women's education, and support widow remarriage. Prominent reform leaders such as Mahadev Govind Ranade and R.G. Bhandarkar joined the samaj soon after its inception and expanded its social welfare activities.

Explanation

INS Vagir, the fifth submarine of the Indian Navy's Project-75 Kalvari-class diesel-electric attack submarines, was launched at Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited in Mumbai on 12 November 2020. Built with technology transfer from France's Naval Group, the submarine was named after the sand fish, a stealthy deep-sea predator found in the Indian Ocean.

Explanation

Under the Mid Day Meal Scheme, the prescribed nutritional norm for primary class children (Classes I to V) is 450 calories and 12 grams of protein per child per school day. For upper primary classes (Classes VI to VIII), the prescribed norm is 700 calories and 20 grams of protein per child per day.

Explanation

KalamSAT was built by a team of Indian high school students led by Rifath Sharook through Space Kidz India. Weighing just 64 grams, the 3D-printed femtosatellite was named in honor of former Indian President Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam and was successfully launched by NASA on June 22, 2017, aboard a sounding rocket from the Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia, USA.

Explanation

The US Dollar (USD) is the most heavily traded currency in the global foreign exchange market, accounting for nearly 88% of all global forex turnover according to the Bank for International Settlements (BIS). It serves as the world's primary international reserve currency, the benchmark medium for foreign trade settlements, and the standard unit for pricing key global commodities such as crude oil and gold.

Explanation

Photosynthesis is the biological process by which green plants synthesize food from basic inorganic compounds. Plants absorb water from the soil through their roots and take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through stomata in their leaves. Solar energy captured from sunlight powers the chemical reaction within chlorophyll, converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Explanation

Punjab has the highest per-hectare chemical fertilizer consumption among Indian states, exceeding 200 kg per hectare, which is far above the national average. This high usage is driven by the state's very high cropping intensity, high percentage of irrigated land, and the extensive adoption of high-yielding, input-intensive crop varieties of wheat and rice introduced during the Green Revolution.

Explanation

Renowned English author Amitav Ghosh was awarded the 54th Jnanpith Award for the year 2018 for his outstanding contribution toward Indian literature. He became the first writer writing in the English language to be conferred with India's highest literary honour since the inception of the award.

Explanation

The revolutionary movement for Indian independence had its origins in Bengal during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Secret societies such as the Anushilan Samiti, established in 1902 by leaders like Pramathanath Mitra, Jatindranath Banerjee, and Barindra Kumar Ghosh, alongside the Jugantar group, spearheaded early underground revolutionary activities. The anti-partition agitational climate and Swadeshi movement of 1905 further catalyzed revolutionary operations in the region, establishing it as the primary center of early anti-colonial armed resistance and underground political organization.

Explanation

Dutee Chand created history by becoming the first Indian woman athlete to win a gold medal at the 30th Summer World Universiade, held in Naples, Italy, in July 2019. She won the gold in the women's 100-metre event with a timing of 11.32 seconds.

Explanation

Subhas Chandra Bose founded the All India Forward Bloc on May 3, 1939, as a political faction within the Indian National Congress. This occurred shortly after he resigned from the Congress presidency due to strategic and ideological differences with Mahatma Gandhi and the Congress Working Committee. The Forward Bloc was formed to unite left-wing political groups and intensify the anti-imperialist struggle for India's complete independence.

Explanation

Salivary glands are exocrine glands that synthesize and secrete saliva containing digestive enzymes such as salivary amylase into the oral cavity via dedicated ducts. Unlike endocrine glands, exocrine glands do not release hormones directly into the bloodstream, using a duct system to transport their secretions to epithelial surfaces instead.

Explanation

India conducted its first successful nuclear test, code-named "Smiling Buddha" (officially designated Pokhran-I), on 18 May 1974 at the Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan. The operation received this name because the detonation occurred on the auspicious day of Buddha Jayanti.

Explanation

L8 is not an established international economic grouping or intergovernmental alliance formed by nations. It does not exist as an official entity or forum for regional or global economic cooperation.