RRB NTPC CBT 1 2016 General Intelligence & Reasoning Questions with Solutions

Explanation

Using the set theory principle of inclusion-exclusion, the total number of students who play at least one of the three games is given by:

n(C ∪ F ∪ V) = n(C) + n(F) + n(V) - n(C ∩ F) - n(C ∩ V) - n(F ∩ V) + n(C ∩ F ∩ V)

Substituting the given values: n(C ∪ F ∪ V) = 25 + 30 + 24 - 10 - 9 - 12 + 5 = 53

The number of students who do not play any game is: Total students - n(C ∪ F ∪ V) = 60 - 53 = 7

Explanation

Using the Venn diagram principle, the number of students playing Cricket only is calculated by subtracting those who play Cricket along with other sports from the total number of Cricket players:

Cricket only = Total Cricket - (Cricket and Football only) - (Cricket and Volleyball only) - (All three)

Cricket and Football only = 10 - 5 = 5 Cricket and Volleyball only = 9 - 5 = 4 All three = 5

Cricket only = 25 - 5 - 4 - 5 = 11

Explanation

The relationship in the first pair is that of an object and its celestial classification: the Moon is classified as a natural satellite. Similarly, Earth is classified as a planet.

Explanation

From statement A, mothers are a subset of aunts, and from statement B, aunts are a subset of ladies. Combining these yields that all mothers are ladies. However, universal affirmative statements of the form "All X are Y" only imply "Some Y are X", not "All Y are X". Therefore, the statement "All mothers are ladies" does not mean "All ladies are mothers", nor does "All aunts are ladies" mean "All ladies are aunts". Both conclusions make an invalid conversion, so neither logically follows.

Explanation

Rice is classified as a staple food grain crop cultivated primarily for direct human dietary consumption. It forms the primary source of daily nutrition for a major portion of the global population, unlike commercial cash crops which are grown primarily for market sale, trade, or industrial processing.

Explanation

Mathematics is the systematic study and analysis of numbers and their relationships, making numbers the primary subject matter of the discipline. Similarly, history is the systematic study and chronological account of past events, making events the fundamental subject matter of history.

Explanation

Earthworms are beneficial to agriculture because they play a crucial role in enhancing soil fertility and structure. As they burrow through the ground, they feed on plant debris and soil, breaking down organic matter into fine, nutrient-rich casts and creating channels that make the soil soft, porous, and well-aerated. Therefore, the Assertion that earthworms are not good for agriculture is false, while the Reason accurately describes their beneficial action on soil structure.

Explanation

The pattern is formed by subtracting 2 from each individual digit of the given number:

4 - 2 = 2 6 - 2 = 4 7 - 2 = 5 3 - 2 = 1

Applying this digit-by-digit operation to 4673 yields 2451.

Explanation

The coding pattern is the sum of the alphabetical position values of each letter in the word.

For STUDENT: S(19) + T(20) + U(21) + D(4) + E(5) + N(14) + T(20) = 103

Applying the same rule to SCHOOL: S(19) + C(3) + H(8) + O(15) + O(15) + L(12) = 72

Explanation

Replacing the code letters with their respective mathematical operators: P = ÷ T = + M = - D = ×

The expression 12 M 12 D 28 P 7 T 15 becomes: 12 - 12 × 28 ÷ 7 + 15

Applying the BODMAS order of operations: First, perform division: 28 ÷ 7 = 4 12 - 12 × 4 + 15

Next, perform multiplication: 12 × 4 = 48 12 - 48 + 15

Finally, perform addition and subtraction from left to right: 12 - 48 + 15 = 27 - 48 = -21

Explanation

Interchanging the signs + and ÷, and swapping the numbers 2 and 4 in the equation transforms 2 + 4 ÷ 6 = 8 into:

4 ÷ 2 + 6 = 8

Following the standard order of operations (BODMAS), division is performed before addition:

4 ÷ 2 = 2 2 + 6 = 8

The left-hand side evaluates to 8, matching the right-hand side.

Explanation

The letter-to-digit mapping is obtained directly from the code for BORDER (579649), where B = 5, O = 7, R = 9, D = 6, E = 4, and R = 9. Substituting these corresponding digits for the word ORDER (O-R-D-E-R) yields 79649.

Explanation

The pattern follows a progressive backward shift in alphabetical positions by subtracting 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and so on for successive letters:

I (-2) = G R (-3) = O O (-4) = K N (-5) = I

Applying the same logic to KNIFE:

K (-2) = I N (-3) = K I (-4) = E F (-5) = A E (-6) = Y

Explanation

A mother gives birth to or produces a child. Similarly, a cloud produces or gives rise to rain, establishing a source-and-product relationship.

Explanation

The six members of the family spanning three generations are:

Raju (Male) and Banu (Female) as the grandparents, where Banu is the mother of Arjun and Raju is his father.

Arjun (Male) and Rani (Female) as the couple in the middle generation, where Rani is the mother of Elamathi and Divya.

Elamathi (Female) and Divya (Female) as the daughters of Arjun and Rani.

The four female members in the family are Banu, Rani, Elamathi, and Divya.

Explanation

Rani is the mother of Elamathi and Divya, and Arjun is the father of Elamathi. This makes Arjun and Rani a married couple who are the parents of the two children in the family, Elamathi and Divya.

Explanation

Arjun is the father of Elamathi, and Rani is her mother, which means Arjun and Rani are a married couple. Since Divya is the daughter of Rani, she is also the daughter of Arjun and Rani. Having the same parents, Divya and Elamathi are sisters to each other.

Explanation

Using the set theory principle for a three-set Venn diagram, the number of clients who read only The Hindu is given by the formula:

n(Only H) = n(H) - n(H ∩ IE) - n(H ∩ TOI) + n(IE ∩ H ∩ TOI)

Given: n(H) = 110 n(H ∩ IE) = 75 n(H ∩ TOI) = 95 n(IE ∩ H ∩ TOI) = 70

Substituting the values into the formula: n(Only H) = 110 - 75 - 95 + 70 = 10

Alternatively, the clients reading both The Hindu and Indian Express only is 75 - 70 = 5, and both The Hindu and Times of India only is 95 - 70 = 25. Subtracting these along with the 70 who read all three from total Hindu readers gives 110 - (5 + 25 + 70) = 10.

Explanation

The number of clients who read Indian Express and Times of India but not The Hindu is calculated by subtracting the number of clients who read all three newspapers from the total number of clients who read both Indian Express and Times of India:

n(IE ∩ TOI but not H) = n(IE ∩ TOI) - n(IE ∩ H ∩ TOI) = 85 - 70 = 15

Explanation

Number of clients reading only Indian Express is calculated using the set formula:

Only(E) = n(E) - n(E ∩ H) - n(E ∩ T) + n(E ∩ H ∩ T)

Substituting the given values: Only(E) = 115 - 75 - 85 + 70 = 25

Explanation

Each letter in the code is shifted forward by 2 positions in alphabetical order (+2) to obtain the corresponding letter in the original word.

Applying the +2 shift to AMJMSP: A + 2 = C M + 2 = O J + 2 = L M + 2 = O S + 2 = U P + 2 = R

Combining these letters yields COLOUR.

Explanation

The given symbols translate as follows: δ means 'not less than', which is ≥ α means 'greater than', which is >

From the given expressions: 3C δ 2A means 3C ≥ 2A B α C means B > C

Multiplying B > C by 3 yields 3B > 3C.

Combining 3B > 3C with 3C ≥ 2A gives: 3B > 3C ≥ 2A, which simplifies to 3B > 2A.

Replacing '>' with its corresponding symbol 'α' gives 3B α 2A.

Explanation

Mosquito is a carrier or cause of the disease Malaria. Similarly, Tobacco consumption is a direct cause of Cancer. Both pairs represent a cause-and-effect relationship where the first term leads to the medical disease or health condition specified in the second term.

Explanation

Rearranging the jumbled letters gives the word HIRELING, which refers to a person employed to perform a task or job, whereas all the other rearranged words represent young animals or animal offspring.

Explanation

Unscrambling the letters reveals the family relationships: AUNT, NIECE, MOTHER, and BROTHER. Among these, ROBEHRT unscrambles to BROTHER, which represents a male family member, whereas the remaining unscrambled words represent female family members.

Explanation

An island is defined as a piece of land completely surrounded by water. It is the general geographical category or class that encompasses specific landmasses, regions, and island nations that meet this definition.

Explanation

The relationship between the numbers in the given pair is that the second number is equal to the sum of the squares of the digits of the first number.

For 32:13: 3² + 2² = 9 + 4 = 13

Applying the same rule to 47:65: 4² + 7² = 16 + 49 = 65

Explanation

Applying the standard order of operations (BODMAS), inserting the symbols -, +, and × into the expression gives:

5 - 0 + 3 × 5

First, perform the multiplication: 3 × 5 = 15

Then, perform subtraction and addition from left to right: 5 - 0 + 15 = 20

Explanation

Numbering seven positions around the circle in clockwise order from 1 to 7, facing the center means moving clockwise represents moving to the left and moving counter-clockwise represents moving to the right.

Placing Ragini at position 1 puts Radha at position 7 (immediate right). Since Radha is third to the left of Renu, Renu is at position 4. Rekha is second to the left of Reema, placing Reema at position 3 and Rekha at position 5. Since Reema cannot be next to Rashmi, Rashmi goes to position 6 and Rakhi to position 2.

The full clockwise sequence is Ragini (1), Rakhi (2), Reema (3), Renu (4), Rekha (5), Rashmi (6), and Radha (7). Facing the center, the immediate left of Rakhi at position 2 is position 3, occupied by Reema.

Explanation

For individuals sitting around a circle facing the center, clockwise movement corresponds to the left and counter-clockwise movement corresponds to the right.

Placing Ragini as the reference point, Radha is to her immediate right (counter-clockwise). Since Radha is third to the left of Renu, Renu is placed three positions counter-clockwise from Radha. Rekha sits two positions to the left (clockwise) of Reema. Since Reema cannot sit next to Rashmi, the complete clockwise seating order is:

Ragini → Rakhi → Reema → Renu → Rekha → Rashmi → Radha

Moving two positions to the left (clockwise) from Ragini leads to Rakhi (first left) and then Reema (second left).

Explanation

Placing seven positions around the circle in clockwise order:

Fixing Ragini at position 1, Radha is to her immediate right at position 7. Since Radha is third to the left of Renu, Renu sits at position 4.

Rekha is second to the left of Reema, which leaves the only valid placement as Reema at position 3 and Rekha at position 5.

Since Reema cannot be adjacent to Rashmi, Rashmi cannot take position 2 (adjacent to position 3). Thus, Rashmi sits at position 6, and the remaining position 2 goes to Rakhi.

The complete clockwise arrangement is Ragini (1), Rakhi (2), Reema (3), Renu (4), Rekha (5), Rashmi (6), and Radha (7). Rakhi sits at position 2, directly between Ragini at position 1 and Reema at position 3.

Explanation

In this direct substitution cipher, each digit corresponds directly to a specific letter:

3 → X, 9 → P, 5 → L, 7 → M, 4 → D 0 → T, 8 → B, 2 → N, 6 → Q

Mapping each letter of DBMTX to its corresponding digit: D → 4 B → 8 M → 7 T → 0 X → 3

Combining these gives 48703.

Explanation

When domestic demand increases faster than indigenous crude oil production, a deficit between domestic supply and consumption is created. To satisfy the existing demand and fulfill the shortfall, crude oil must be imported from foreign sources, making conclusion I a logical necessity derived from the premise. Conclusion II represents a course of action or suggestion rather than a logical inference directly implied by the factual statement.

Explanation

Sharad's son's paternal grandfather is Sharad's father. Meena is the sister of Sharad's father. Since the sister of one's father is one's paternal aunt, Meena is Sharad's paternal aunt.

Explanation

The code for each word is derived using the formula: Coded Value = (Number of letters in the word) × 2.

For TRACTER: 7 letters × 2 = 14 For TROLLEY: 7 letters × 2 = 14

Applying the same rule to SCOOTER: Number of letters = 7 7 × 2 = 14

Explanation

Lungs are the primary respiratory organs used by humans (man) to extract oxygen from air, whereas gills are the primary respiratory organs used by fish to extract oxygen dissolved in water.

Explanation

By the principle of inclusion-exclusion for three sets: n(A ∪ B ∪ C) = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) - n(A ∩ B) - n(B ∩ C) - n(A ∩ C) + n(A ∩ B ∩ C)

Let x = n(A ∩ B ∩ C) be the number of students who passed all three sections. Number of students who passed Section A alone = n(A) - n(A ∩ B) - n(A ∩ C) + x 21 = 33 - 10 - 8 + x 21 = 15 + x x = 6

Now, compute the total number of students who passed in one or more sections: n(A ∪ B ∪ C) = 33 + 34 + 32 - 10 - 9 - 8 + 6 = 78

Given that 21 students passed in Section A alone, the required ratio is 78/21.

Explanation

Let k be the number of students who passed all three sections.

The number of students passing only two sections are: Only A and B = 10 - k Only B and C = 9 - k Only A and C = 8 - k

The number of students who passed Section A alone is given by: Passed A alone = Total in A - (Only A and B) - (Only A and C) - (All three)

Substituting the given values: 21 = 33 - (10 - k) - (8 - k) - k 21 = 33 - 18 + k 21 = 15 + k k = 21 - 15 = 6

Explanation

The total number of students who passed only one of the three sections is the sum of the students who passed Section A alone, Section B alone, and Section C alone. Since 21 students passed each section alone:

Total = 21 + 21 + 21 = 63

Explanation

An editor is responsible for overseeing, directing, and guiding the overall creation and presentation of a magazine. Similarly, a director is responsible for guiding, directing, and controlling the execution and performance of a drama.

Explanation

Unscrambling the jumbled letters "saltoteuk" yields the name of the flower LOTUS and the tree TEAK. The first letter of the flower LOTUS is 'L', and the first letter of the tree TEAK is 'T', giving the combined first letters as LT.

Explanation

The coding pattern involves reversing the letters of the given word. Reversing the letters of LEOPARD yields DRAPOEL.

Explanation

Break down the relationship step by step from Reema's perspective: Reema's son's paternal grandfather is her husband's father. The only daughter-in-law of her husband's father is Reema herself. Therefore, the father of that daughter-in-law is Reema's father.

Explanation

Interchanging the signs - and ×, and the numbers 5 and 14 in the given expression yields:

14 + 4 ÷ 2 × 8 - 5

According to the BODMAS rule, perform division first: 4 ÷ 2 = 2

Next, perform multiplication: 2 × 8 = 16

Finally, perform addition and subtraction from left to right: 14 + 16 - 5 = 25

Explanation

The relationship in the given pair CLIMB : TREE represents an action verb indicating vertical upward movement performed on a physical elevation. Similarly, in ASCEND : CLIFF, 'ascend' is the verb meaning to move upward, and 'cliff' is the physical feature being scaled.

Explanation

A roster (written as roaster) is a systematic list specifying the duties assigned to individuals or personnel. In the same manner, an inventory is an itemized list or record detailing the goods and stock held by an organization or business.

Explanation

The first statement is a conditional proposition of the form "If P, then Q", where P represents all players playing to their full potential and Q represents winning the match. The second statement confirms that Q occurred (the match was won).

Inferring P from Q commits the logical fallacy of affirming the consequent, because winning the match could happen due to other factors such as opponent errors or luck, even if players did not play to their full potential. Similarly, it cannot be concluded that some players failed to play to their full potential, as that would also be an unsupported assumption. Therefore, neither conclusion logically follows from the premises.