INCOIS Warning on Prolonged El Nino Impacts on Marine Ecosystems
Source:The Hindu ↗
ఇది ఎందుకు ముఖ్యం
Understanding climate phenomena like El Nino and their direct ecological and economic fallout on marine ecosystems and fisheries is crucial for disaster preparedness, marine conservation, and food security policy in India.
సారాంశం
The article from The Hindu highlights warnings issued by the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) regarding the potential adverse impacts of a prolonged El Nino on the marine ecosystem, affecting fisheries, marine biodiversity, and coastal livelihoods due to ocean warming and marine heatwaves.
ముఖ్య అంశాలు
- A prolonged El Nino event can significantly harm the marine ecosystem, impacting coral reefs, marine biodiversity, and fisheries around the Indian region.
- The Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) highlighted concerns over sustained ocean warming and its cascading effects on coastal livelihoods and marine life.
- El Nino causes anomalous warming of surface waters, leading to marine heatwaves, coral bleaching, and disruption of marine food webs.
ముఖ్యమైన పదాలు
Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)
An autonomous institution under India's Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) located in Hyderabad that provides ocean data, tsunami early warnings, and Potential Fishing Zone advisories.
UPSC context
UPSC Prelims/Mains (GS Paper III - Environment & Disaster Management): Tests knowledge of national scientific bodies, oceanography, and early warning systems.
El Nino
A climate phenomenon characterized by the periodic warming of surface waters in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, which heavily disrupts global weather, monsoons, and marine ecosystems.
UPSC context
UPSC Prelims/Mains (GS Paper I - Climatology & GS Paper III): Tests understanding of global weather anomalies and climate change impacts.
Marine Heatwaves
Prolonged periods of exceptionally high sea surface temperatures that can devastate marine biodiversity, trigger coral bleaching, and alter fisheries productivity.
UPSC context
UPSC Prelims/Mains (GS Paper III - Environment, Biodiversity & Climate Change): Tests awareness of emerging oceanographic hazards and climate impacts.
ప్రిలిమ్స్ ఉచ్చు
INCOIS is an autonomous body functioning under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
Aspirants often confuse INCOIS as being under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), whereas it operates under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES).
అనుసంధానమైన స్థిర భావనలు
What are the structural mechanism and climatic impacts of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)?
- Surface Warming: Anomalous warming of surface waters in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean replaces cold upwelling nutrient-rich waters.
- Atmospheric Shift: Reverses the Walker Circulation, weakening trade winds and suppressing rainfall over the western Pacific and Indian subcontinent.
- Global Disruption: Triggers global teleconnections including droughts in India/Australia, torrential rains in South America, and regional marine heatwaves.
What is the mandate and administrative jurisdiction of the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)?
- Administrative Control: Established as an autonomous body in 1999 under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES).
- Core Mandate: Mandated to provide ocean information and advisory services to society, industry, government agencies, and the scientific community.
- Key Services: Operates the Indian Tsunami Early Warning Centre and monitors ocean states including marine heatwaves and potential fishing zones.
అంతర-అంశ నమూనాలు
El Nino marine impact + Blue Economy livelihoods
El Nino-induced marine heatwaves directly affect fish stock migration, reducing catch per unit effort and threatening the socio-economic security of coastal fishing communities dependent on marine livelihoods.
Ocean warming + Indian Ocean Dipole dynamics
Ocean warming and prolonged El Nino cycles alter Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) interactions, complicating monsoon forecasting and agrarian drought vulnerability across peninsular India.
Expect statement-based questions pairing INCOIS institutional mandate (under MoES) with El Nino physical mechanisms and marine impacts.
అనుసంధాన PYQలు · 3
అనుసంధాన PYQలు · 3
- 2017PrelimsGS1
With reference to 'Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)' sometimes mentioned in the news while forecasting Indian monsoon, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. IOD phenomenon is characterised by a difference in sea surface temperature between tropical Western Indian Ocean and tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean. 2. An IOD phenomenon can influence an El Nino's impact on the monsoon. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- 2011PrelimsGS1
La Nina is suspected to have caused recent floods in Australia. How is La Nina different from El Nino? 1. La Nina is characterised by unusually cold ocean temperature in equatorial Indian Ocean whereas El Nino is characterised by unusually warm ocean temperature in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. 2. El Nino has adverse effect on south-west monsoon of India, but La Nina has no effect on monsoon climate. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 2023MainsGS3
What is oil pollution? What are its impacts on the marine ecosystem? In what way is oil pollution particularly harmful for a country like India?
