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ভূগোলGS3
GS3

National Biodiversity Authority crosses 200 crore ABS milestone

Source:PIB ↗

কেন এটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ

This milestone reflects India's successful implementation of the Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) mechanism under the Biological Diversity Act and Nagoya Protocol, illustrating how legal frameworks can economically empower local communities and promote grassroots biodiversity conservation.

সারসংক্ষেপ

The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) has crossed the ₹200-crore milestone in Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) disbursements under the Biological Diversity Act. This milestone highlights India's progress in enforcing fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from biological resources and traditional knowledge with local communities, strengthening grassroots biodiversity conservation through Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs) and aligning with the Nagoya Protocol.

মূল বিষয়

  • The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) crossed the ₹200-crore milestone in Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) disbursements.
  • ABS mechanism ensures that benefits derived from the utilization of biological resources and traditional knowledge are shared fairly and equitably with local communities and conservers.
  • The milestone underscores India's commitment to implementing the Biological Diversity Act and fulfilling its international obligations under the Nagoya Protocol.
  • Funds disbursed through ABS support local biodiversity conservation, livelihood generation, and sustainable management of natural resources by Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs).

গুরুত্বপূর্ণ শব্দ

Biological Diversity Act

India's principal legislation enacted in 2002 to regulate access to biological resources, promote sustainable use, and ensure fair and equitable sharing of benefits with local communities.

UPSC context

Important for UPSC CSE Prelims and Mains (GS Paper III - Environment, Biodiversity Conservation, and Statutory Frameworks).

Source
Nagoya Protocol

A supplementary international agreement under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) that provides a transparent legal framework for the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources.

UPSC context

Relevant for UPSC Prelims (International Conventions) and Mains (Environment and Global Biodiversity Governance).

Source
National Biodiversity Authority

A statutory body established under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, responsible for regulating access to India's biological resources and coordinating Access and Benefit-Sharing (ABS) mechanisms.

UPSC context

Core body for UPSC Prelims regarding statutory bodies, environmental governance, and institutional setups in India.

Source

প্রিলিমস ফাঁদ

Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) funds collected by the NBA are deposited directly into the Consolidated Fund of India for national environmental projects.

Aspirants often assume ABS funds go straight to the Consolidated Fund of India or State treasuries, whereas they are routed directly to local communities and BMCs for conservation.

সংযুক্ত স্থির ধারণা

Environment and Conservation Biodiversity

What is the institutional three-tier structure under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002?

  • National Biodiversity Authority (NBA):: Apex body established at Chennai under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change to regulate biological resources.
  • State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs):: State-level bodies set up by individual states to coordinate activities, provide technical assistance, and supervise BMCs.
  • Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs):: Grassroots-level committees constituted by local bodies for preparing People's Biodiversity Registers (PBRs) and managing ABS funds.

আন্তঃবিষয় প্যাটার্ন

  • ABS Funds + Local Governance + Panchayati Raj

    ABS disbursements flow to grassroots Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs), creating a unique intersection of fiscal federalism, rural livelihoods, and environmental jurisprudence under the Fifth and Sixth Schedules.

  • Nagoya Protocol + Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF)

    India's compliance with the Nagoya Protocol through domestic ABS mechanisms directly ties into international biodiversity negotiations like the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

Expect a matching or statement-based question linking the Biological Diversity Act, NBA's ABS role, and the Nagoya Protocol.

সংযুক্ত PYQ · 2

সংযুক্ত PYQ · 2

  • 2023PrelimsGS1

    Consider the following statements: 1. In India, the Biodiversity Management Committees are key to the realization of the objectives of the Nagoya Protocol. 2. The Biodiversity Management Committees have important functions in determining access and benefit sharing, including the power to levy collection fees on the access of biological resources within its jurisdiction. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  • 2015MainsGS3

    India's Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL), which has a database containing formatted information on more than 2 million medicinal formulations is proving a powerful weapon in the country's fight against erroneous patents. Discuss the pros and cons of making this database publicly available under open-source licensing.