Lancet Report on Accountability and Universal Health Coverage in India
Source:Indian Express ↗
ఇది ఎందుకు ముఖ్యం
It addresses critical structural issues in India's public health delivery system, directly aligning with GS2 syllabus requirements on social sector policy, health, and governance.
సారాంశం
A recent Lancet report underscores that India's journey toward Universal Health Coverage (UHC) necessitates rigorous accountability frameworks, higher public spending on health, and robust regulatory oversight to counter the commercialisation of healthcare services.
ముఖ్య అంశాలు
- A Lancet report highlights that India's path to Universal Health Coverage (UHC) requires stronger institutional accountability and increased public health expenditure.
- The report emphasizes the need to mitigate the adverse impacts of healthcare marketisation and expand grassroots public health infrastructure.
- Accountability mechanisms are critical for ensuring equitable access to quality healthcare across diverse socioeconomic groups.
ముఖ్యమైన పదాలు
Universal Health Coverage (UHC)
A healthcare system model where all individuals and communities receive the essential health services they need without experiencing financial hardship, combining public financing and robust regulation.
UPSC context
GS Paper II (Social Justice - Health Issues). Tests understanding of health sector goals, equity, financing, and policy frameworks in India.
Out-of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE)
Direct payments made by individuals at the time of healthcare delivery using personal income or savings, without third-party reimbursement, which drives millions into poverty.
UPSC context
GS Paper II (Social Justice - Health). Crucial for evaluating the financial hardship of health systems and the efficacy of public health safety nets.
National Health Policy (NHP) 2017
A comprehensive global policy document outlining India's target to achieve universal healthcare access, preventive care, and raise public health expenditure to 2.5% of GDP.
UPSC context
GS Paper II (Governance and Public Policy). Tests knowledge of official national guidelines, targets, and systemic interventions for healthcare delivery.
ప్రిలిమ్స్ ఉచ్చు
India's statutory right to Universal Health Coverage guarantees free secondary and tertiary care to all citizens nationwide.
Aspirants often assume India has already achieved or legislated Universal Health Coverage as a legally enforceable justiciable right, whereas health remains a state subject under the Seventh Schedule with varying state-level models.
అనుసంధానమైన స్థిర భావనలు
What are the key targets and goals outlined in the National Health Policy (NHP) 2017?
- Public Spending Target: Aim to increase public health expenditure to 2.5% of the GDP in a time-bound manner by 2025.
- Life Expectancy: Achieving a life expectancy at birth of 70 by 2025 and progressively raising the health sector GDP share.
- Primary Care Integration: Reorienting AYUSH into mainstream healthcare delivery and strengthening primary health care through Health and Wellness Centres.
అంతర-అంశ నమూనాలు
Health Economics and Rural Poverty Traps
High out-of-pocket expenditure is a primary driver of rural poverty and debt traps, directly linking health economics with rural distress and welfare delivery debates.
Fiscal Federalism and Local Health Governance
The push for decentralized, outcome-based budgeting connects health administration reform with ongoing debates on fiscal federalism and local government empowerment under the 73rd/74th Constitutional Amendments.
Expect a statement-based question pairing UHC accountability metrics with NHP 2017 public health expenditure targets (2.5% of GDP).
అనుసంధాన PYQలు · 1
అనుసంధాన PYQలు · 1
- 2024MainsGS2
In a crucial domain like the public healthcare system the Indian State should play a vital role to contain the adverse impact of marketisation of the system. Suggest some measures through which the State can enhance the reach of public healthcare at the grassroots level.
