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ভূগোলGS3
GS3

Other Effective Area Based Conservation Measures Network in India

Source:Indian Express ↗

কেন এটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ

It addresses the evolution of conservation strategies in India beyond state-controlled protected areas, directly tying into global frameworks like the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and sustainable resource management.

সারসংক্ষেপ

The article highlights the crucial role of Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs) in expanding India's biodiversity conservation paradigm beyond conventional protected areas like national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. By acknowledging community-managed landscapes, sacred groves, and indigenous practices, OECMs provide a decentralized pathway to achieve global biodiversity targets while safeguarding local livelihoods.

মূল বিষয়

  • The article discusses the significance of Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs) in India's biodiversity conservation framework, moving beyond traditional protected areas.
  • OECMs recognize areas outside protected areas that achieve positive, sustained long-term outcomes for in-situ biodiversity conservation.
  • The establishment of networks like the India Biodiversity OECM Conservation Network highlights community-led conservation, sacred groves, and indigenous land management practices.
  • Integration of OECMs helps India meet global biodiversity targets (such as the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework) while balancing developmental and local livelihood needs.

গুরুত্বপূর্ণ শব্দ

Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs)

Geographically defined areas other than protected areas that achieve positive, sustained long-term outcomes for in-situ biodiversity conservation, such as community-managed lands, sacred groves, and biodiversity parks.

UPSC context

GS Paper III (Environment & Ecology); important for questions on biodiversity conservation paradigms, Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, and community-based resource management.

Source
India Biodiversity Oecm Conservation Network

An emerging collaborative initiative and institutional framework in India involving the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, NBA, and UNDP to identify, document, and map non-protected conservation sites.

UPSC context

GS Paper III (Environment & Ecology); tests institutional mechanisms for achieving India's biodiversity targets and expanding protected area networks.

Source

প্রিলিমস ফাঁদ

OECMs are legally designated as National Parks or Wildlife Sanctuaries under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.

Aspirants often assume OECMs enjoy the exact same strict legal prohibitions (like zero human habitation or commercial activity) as National Parks under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, which is incorrect.

সংযুক্ত স্থির ধারণা

Environment Biodiversity Conservation

What are Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs) under the CBD?

  • CBD Definition: Defined under CBD COP14 (2018) as geographically defined spaces outside PAs achieving positive, long-term in-situ biodiversity conservation outcomes.
  • Governance Types: Can be governed by indigenous peoples, local communities, private entities, or government agencies outside formal PA networks.
  • Global Target 3: Contributes directly to Target 3 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (30x30 target).
Environment Protected Areas

How do OECMs differ from conventional Protected Areas in India?

  • Aravalli Park: First OECM site in India; a shining example of ecological restoration on degraded mining land in Gurugram.
  • Indian Scope: Include community conserved areas (CCAs), sacred groves, traditional indigenous lands, and local water bodies operating outside WPA 1972.

আন্তঃবিষয় প্যাটার্ন

  • OECMs + Forest Rights Act (FRA) 2006

    India's 30x30 biodiversity targets under KM-GBF intersect directly with FRA 2006, as community forest rights over sacred groves and minor forest produce form the bedrock of decentralized OECM governance.

  • Biodiversity OECMs + CAMPA Fund Utilization

    The inclusion of restored wastelands like Aravalli Biodiversity Park as OECMs links biodiversity conservation directly with national CAMPA afforestation and mining reclamation mandates.

UPSC loves distinguishing Protected Areas (PAs) from OECMs under CBD; expect a statement on whether OECMs enjoy strict Wildlife Protection Act status.

সংযুক্ত PYQ · 2

সংযুক্ত PYQ · 2

  • 2012PrelimsGS1

    In which one among the following categories of protected areas in India are local people not allowed to collect and use the biomass?

  • 2018MainsGS3

    What is wetland? Explain the Ramsar concept of 'wise use' in the context of wetland conservation. Cite two examples of Ramsar sites from India.