UN Report on Global Warming Thresholds and Mitigation Pathways
Source:The Hindu ↗
কেন এটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ
Understanding global climate targets, temperature overshoots, and international climate reports like those from the UN is vital for aspirants studying international environmental governance and India's mitigation commitments.
সারসংক্ষেপ
A United Nations report warns that global warming will likely exceed the critical 1.5°C threshold of the Paris Agreement, and outlines a comprehensive pathway to bring global temperatures back down through deep decarbonisation and carbon removal strategies.
মূল বিষয়
- A UN report warns that global warming is set to temporarily exceed the 1.5°C threshold outlined in the Paris Agreement.
- The report charts a scientific and policy pathway detailing how the world can reverse the temperature overshoot through aggressive emissions reductions and carbon dioxide removal.
- Emphasizes that failing to curb emissions immediately will lead to irreversible tipping points, severe climate shocks, and prolonged economic and ecological damage.
গুরুত্বপূর্ণ শব্দ
Paris Agreement
A landmark legally binding international treaty on climate change adopted in 2015 at COP21, aiming to limit global warming to well below 2°C, preferably to 1.5°C, compared to pre-industrial levels.
UPSC context
Crucial for UPSC Mains GS Paper III (Environment, Climate Change commitments, INDCs, and international conventions).
UNEP
The leading global environmental authority within the United Nations system that sets the global environmental agenda, promotes coherent implementation of sustainable development, and publishes vital climate assessment reports.
UPSC context
Important for Prelims and Mains (International Bodies, UN agencies, environmental reports like Emissions Gap Report).
United Nations
An international organization founded in 1945 committed to maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations, and promoting international cooperation on global issues including climate change.
UPSC context
Essential for GS Paper II (International Organizations, global governance) and GS Paper III (environmental policies).
সংযুক্ত স্থির ধারণা
What are the key mechanisms and targets under the 2015 Paris Agreement?
- Temperature Limit: Goal is holding global average temperature increase to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5°C.
- NDCs: Parties submit successive nationally determined contributions (NDCs), updating them every five years with progressively higher ambition.
- Market Mechanisms: Article 6 establishes frameworks for international carbon markets and cooperative approaches to help countries achieve their targets.
আন্তঃবিষয় প্যাটার্ন
CDR targets vs. Forest Rights Act
Large-scale carbon removal and afforestation targets intersect with land-use rights, Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers Act, and displacement concerns in developing nations.
Climate overshoot vs. Sovereign fiscal space
Financing deep decarbonization and carbon dioxide removal requires massive fiscal outlays, linking global climate architecture to IMF Special Drawing Rights and domestic fiscal deficit limits.
Expect a multi-statement prelims question distinguishing between Paris Agreement's long-term temperature goal and a temporary overshoot pathway.
সংযুক্ত PYQ · 2
সংযুক্ত PYQ · 2
- 2025MainsGS3
Write a review on India's climate commitments under the Paris Agreement (2015) and mention how these have been further strengthened in COP26 (2021). In this direction, how has the first Nationally Determined Contribution intended by India been updated in 2022?
- 2022MainsGS3
Discuss global warming and mention its effects on the global climate. Explain the control measures to bring down the level of greenhouse gases which cause global warming, in the light of the Kyoto Protocol, 1997.
