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विज्ञान और प्रौद्योगिकीGS3
GS3

डीआरडीओ स्वदेशी MPATGM परीक्षण और रक्षा स्वदेशीकरण

स्रोत:द हिंदू ↗

क्यों मायने रखता है

Demonstrates India's advancement in indigenous defence technology (missile systems), which is crucial for self-reliance (Aatmanirbhar Bharat) and reducing dependency on foreign arms imports, a key theme in UPSC Mains GS3.

सारांश

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has successfully flight-tested the indigenous third-generation Man Portable Anti-Tank Guided Missile (MPATGM) at KK Ranges in Maharashtra. Equipped with advanced features such as 'top attack' capability, a dual-mode seeker, and a tandem warhead, the system can effectively neutralize modern heavily armored battle tanks in both day and night conditions. Developed through the collaboration of various DRDO laboratories and industry partners like BDL and BEL, the successful test highlights India's progress toward self-reliance in advanced defence technologies under the 'Aatmanirbhar Bharat' initiative, significantly enhancing the Indian Army's operational readiness.

मुख्य बिंदु

  • DRDO ने महाराष्ट्र के केके रेंज में 'टॉप अटैक' क्षमता वाली स्वदेशी तीसरी पीढ़ी की मैन पोर्टेबल एंटी-टैंक गाइडेड मिसाइल (MPATGM) का सफलतापूर्वक उड़ान परीक्षण किया।
  • MPATGM एक टैंडम वारहेड (tandem warhead) से सुसज्जित है, जो आधुनिक एक्सप्लोसिव रिएक्टिव आर्मर (ERA) से सुरक्षित मुख्य युद्धक टैंकों को भेदने में सक्षम है।
  • The system features 'fire and forget' capability and employs a highly capable dual-mode seeker (Imaging Infra-Red and Electro-Optical), allowing for day and night operations.
  • The development involved collaborative efforts from multiple DRDO laboratories (including DRDL, RCI, TBRL, HEMRL, and IRDE) along with industry partners BDL and BEL.
  • This achievement marks a significant step towards self-reliance in defense manufacturing ('Aatmanirbhar Bharat') and paves the way for meeting the Indian Army's operational requirements.

महत्वपूर्ण शब्द

आत्मनिर्भर भारत

A policy framework launched in 2020 to make India self-reliant by fostering domestic manufacturing, reducing import dependency, and strengthening local supply chains, especially in defense.

UPSC context

GS Paper 3 (Economy/S&T); central to questions on indigenization, self-reliance, and defense manufacturing.

Source
DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation)

The premier R&D wing of the Ministry of Defence, responsible for developing indigenous defense technologies, systems, and weapon platforms for the Indian Armed Forces.

UPSC context

GS Paper 3 (S&T/Security); essential for topics on indigenous defense technology and modernization.

Source
Defence Research & Development Laboratory (DRDL)

A Hyderabad-based DRDO laboratory that serves as the nodal agency for designing and developing advanced missile systems, including the MPATGM and various tactical missiles.

UPSC context

GS Paper 3 (S&T); tests knowledge of specific institutions driving India's missile programs.

Source
Research Centre Imarat (RCI)

A key DRDO laboratory specializing in avionics, navigation, and seeker technologies (like IIR seekers) for precision-guided missiles, founded by Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam.

UPSC context

GS Paper 3 (S&T); relevant for advanced guidance systems and high-tech defense indigenization.

Source
भारत डायनेमिक्स लिमिटेड (BDL)

A premier Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) under the Ministry of Defence that serves as the primary manufacturer of guided missiles and torpedoes for India.

UPSC context

GS Paper 3 (Indigenization); focuses on the industrial production of strategic and tactical weapon systems.

Source
भारत इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स लिमिटेड (BEL)

A leading Navratna PSU that manufactures advanced defense electronics, including radars, communication systems, and fire control units for the Indian Armed Forces.

UPSC context

GS पेपर 3 (S&T/सुरक्षा); इलेक्ट्रॉनिक वारफेयर और रक्षा उपकरण आपूर्ति श्रृंखलाओं को समझने के लिए महत्वपूर्ण।

Source
भारतीय सेना

The land-based branch of the Indian Armed Forces, which defines operational requirements and serves as the primary end-user for systems like the MPATGM.

UPSC context

GS Paper 3 (Security); emphasizes operational readiness and the modernization of infantry and armored units.

Source

प्रारंभिक ट्रैप

MPATGM एक हवा-से-सतह पर मार करने वाली मिसाइल है क्योंकि यह 'टॉप अटैक' मोड का उपयोग करती है।

'Top attack' describes the missile's trajectory—climbing and plunging onto the tank's vulnerable roof armor—not the launch platform. MPATGM is infantry-launched (Man-Portable).

संबंधित अवधारणाएँ

Science & Technology - Defence

What distinguishes a Third-Generation Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM)?

  • प्रथम पीढ़ी: लक्ष्य से टकराने तक वायर या रेडियो के माध्यम से निरंतर मैनुअल मार्गदर्शन (MCLOS) की आवश्यकता होती है।
  • दूसरी पीढ़ी: अर्ध-स्वचालित (SACLOS); ऑपरेटर को इम्पैक्ट तक टारगेटिंग क्रॉसहेयर्स को दुश्मन पर बनाए रखना आवश्यक है।
  • Third Generation: इसमें एकीकृत सीकर (integrated seekers) का उपयोग करते हुए 'दागो और भूल जाओ' (fire-and-forget) क्षमताएं शामिल हैं, जो ऑपरेटर को लॉन्च के तुरंत बाद अपना स्थान बदलने की अनुमति देती हैं।
Science & Technology - Defence

How do Tandem Warheads defeat Explosive Reactive Armour (ERA)?

  • ERA Mechanism: Sandwiches explosives between metal plates; detonates outward upon impact to disrupt an incoming warhead's penetrator jet.
  • Precursor Charge: The tandem weapon's first, smaller explosive charge triggers and clears the ERA block prematurely.
  • Main Charge: The second, larger explosive follows immediately to penetrate the tank's newly exposed primary hull armor.

अंतर-विषय पैटर्न

  • Aatmanirbhar Bharat & Import Substitution

    Transitioning from imported Israeli Spike or US Javelin ATGMs to domestic DRDO-BDL systems directly serves the GS3 Indigenization of Technology mandate, reducing reliance on foreign OEMs.

  • The Nag Missile Family Evolution

    MPATGM is part of India’s broader anti-tank ecosystem, which UPSC may test collectively alongside the helicopter-launched HELINA (Dhruvastra) and the vehicle-mounted NAMICA.

Expect a multi-statement question distinguishing 3rd-Gen 'fire-and-forget' ATGMs from earlier variants, focusing on top-attack trajectories.

संबद्ध PYQ · 3

संबद्ध PYQ · 3

  • 2023PrelimsGS1

    Consider the following statements: 1. Ballistic missiles are jet-propelled at subsonic speeds throughout their flights, while cruise missiles are rocket-powered only in the initial phase of flight. 2. Agni-V is a medium-range supersonic cruise missile, while BrahMos is a solid-fuelled intercontinental ballistic missile. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  • 2007PrelimsGS1

    Consider the following statements: 1. In November, 2006, DRDO successfully conducted the interception test using Prithvi-II missile. 2. Prithvi-II is a surface-to-surface missile and can be deployed to guard the metros against air attacks. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  • 2014MainsGS3

    Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the defence sector is now set to be liberalized. What influence this is expected to have on Indian defence and economy in the short and long run?