प्रदूषण नियंत्रण पोत जलावतरण और समुद्री आत्मनिर्भरता
स्रोत:द हिंदू ↗
क्यों मायने रखता है
This development is crucial for UPSC as it sits at the intersection of GS-3 topics: indigenisation of defence, maritime security, and marine pollution response. Furthermore, it serves as a strong case study for women's empowerment (GS-1/GS-2) in frontline defense roles.
सारांश
The Indian Coast Guard has commissioned the ICGS Samudra Pratap, marking India's first indigenously designed Pollution Control Vessel (PCV). Built by Goa Shipyard Limited, the vessel emphasizes self-reliance ('Aatmanirbhar Bharat') in defence manufacturing. Equipped with advanced pollution response and detection systems, it enhances India's capacity to address marine environmental challenges and oil spills. Additionally, the deployment of two women officers onboard highlights growing gender inclusion in frontline maritime defense operations.
मुख्य बिंदु
- The Indian Coast Guard commissioned ICGS Samudra Pratap, India's first indigenously designed Pollution Control Vessel (PCV).
- The vessel was built by Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) and commissioned by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh.
- यह भारत के समुद्री सुरक्षा तंत्र और समुद्री पर्यावरणीय संवहनीयता को सुदृढ़ करता है, जो 'आत्मनिर्भर भारत' के विज़न को आगे बढ़ाता है।
- Equipped with advanced pollution detection systems, specialized response boats, and aviation facilities (helicopter hangar).
- अग्रिम पंक्ति के समुद्री अभियानों में दो महिला अधिकारियों को तैनात करके लैंगिक समावेश (gender inclusion) के लिए एक मिसाल कायम करता है।
महत्वपूर्ण शब्द
Indian Coast Guard (ICG)
A multi-mission armed force under the Ministry of Defence that serves as India’s maritime law enforcement agency and the Central Coordinating Authority for oil spill response.
UPSC context
GS Paper 3: Internal Security/Environment; tests knowledge of maritime security architecture and oil-spill response mandates.
Pollution Control Vessel (PCV)
Specialized maritime platforms (e.g., ICGS Samudra Pratap) equipped with side-sweeping arms and oil skimmers to contain, recover, and analyze marine pollutants and oil spills.
UPSC context
GS Paper 3: Environment/Security; relevant for marine pollution response and technological advancements in maritime safety.
Indigenisation of Defence
The capability of designing, developing, and manufacturing military equipment domestically to achieve strategic autonomy and reduce reliance on foreign imports.
UPSC context
GS Paper 3: S&T/Security; central to Aatmanirbhar Bharat and tests understanding of defense manufacturing ecosystems.
Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL)
रक्षा मंत्रालय के अधीन एक प्रमुख रक्षा सार्वजनिक क्षेत्र का उपक्रम (DPSU), जो परिष्कृत युद्धपोतों और विशेष जहाजों के स्वदेशी डिजाइन और निर्माण के लिए जिम्मेदार है।
UPSC context
GS Paper 3: Economy/Security; highlights the role of DPSUs in supporting the domestic defense industrial base.
Aatmanirbhar Bharat
The 'Self-reliant India' mission aimed at making India a global manufacturing hub and reducing import dependence in strategic sectors like defense and technology.
UPSC context
GS Paper 3: Economy/Security; foundational theme for industrial policy, strategic self-sufficiency, and indigenous production.
National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (NOSDCP)
The primary administrative framework established in 1993 for mobilizing resources and coordinating various agencies to respond to oil spill disasters in Indian waters.
UPSC context
GS पेपर 3: आपदा प्रबंधन; समुद्री पर्यावरणीय संकटों से निपटने के लिए विशिष्ट प्रोटोकॉल के ज्ञान का परीक्षण करता है।
प्रारंभिक ट्रैप
भारतीय तटरक्षक (Indian Coast Guard) गृह मंत्रालय के तहत एक केंद्रीय सशस्त्र पुलिस बल (CAPF) के रूप में कार्य करता है।
Unlike CAPFs (BSF, CISF) which manage border and internal security under MHA, the Indian Coast Guard is an independent Armed Force under the Ministry of Defence.
संबंधित अवधारणाएँ
What is the statutory mandate of the Indian Coast Guard?
- नोडल एजेंसी: Acts as the Central Coordinating Authority for marine oil spill response in India's maritime zones.
- क्षेत्राधिकार: भारत के क्षेत्रीय जल (Territorial Waters), संलग्न क्षेत्र (Contiguous Zone) और EEZ में समुद्री कानूनों को लागू करता है और राष्ट्रीय हितों की रक्षा करता है।
- सुरक्षा कर्तव्य: कार्यों में कृत्रिम द्वीपों, अपतटीय टर्मिनलों, मछुआरों की सुरक्षा और समुद्री पारिस्थितिकी का संरक्षण शामिल है।
How does bioremediation mitigate marine oil spills?
- Oilzapper: A consortium of five bacteria species (developed by TERI) that degrades crude oil and hydrocarbon waste into CO2 and water.
- बायोस्टिम्यूलेशन: समुद्री वातावरण में पोषक तत्वों (नाइट्रोजन, फास्फोरस) को शामिल करना ताकि Alcanivorax जैसे स्वदेशी तेल-अपघटक बैक्टीरिया की वृद्धि को प्रोत्साहित किया जा सके।
- बायोऑग्मेंटेशन: Introducing specific external oil-degrading microorganisms directly to the polluted site to accelerate the cleanup process.
अंतर-विषय पैटर्न
रक्षा स्वदेशीकरण और समुद्री पारिस्थितिकी का संगम
The shift of defense PSUs like Goa Shipyard from purely kinetic platforms to ecological ones (PCVs) bridges Defense Indigenisation (GS3) with Environmental Conservation (GS3) and disaster response.
Breaking the glass ceiling in maritime roles
Deploying women officers on PCVs aligns with recent moves allowing women on frontline warships and in specialized units, making gender inclusion in armed forces a prime GS1/GS2 essay theme.
2026 के prelims में तेल रिसाव (oil spills) के मामले में Indian Coast Guard की वैधानिक भूमिका और Oilzapper जैसी bioremediation तकनीक को जोड़कर एक प्रश्न की अपेक्षा करें।
संबद्ध PYQ · 4
संबद्ध PYQ · 4
- 2025MainsGS3
Why is maritime security vital to protect India's sea trade? Discuss maritime and coastal security challenges and the way forward.
- 2022MainsGS3
What are the maritime security challenges in India ? Discuss the organisational, technical and procedural initiatives taken to improve the maritime security.
- 2023MainsGS3
What is oil pollution? What are its impacts on the marine ecosystem? In what way is oil pollution particularly harmful for a country like India?
- 2024MainsGS1
Distinguish between gender equality, gender equity and women's empowerment. Why is it important to take gender concerns into account in programme design and implementation?
